https://mapress.com/jib <p><strong>Journal of Insect Biodiversity</strong> (<strong>JIB</strong>) is an international, peer-reviewed scientific journal of Biodiversity Application &amp; Research Center of the Atatürk University. <span lang="EN-GB">JIB is dedicated to publishing high-quality novel </span><span lang="EN-GB">scientific data </span><span lang="EN-GB">on <strong>insect biodiversity</strong>. The aims</span> of this journal are to share and disseminate novel scientific information on the discovery, description, and conservation of insect diversity. </p> Magnolia Press en-US Journal of Insect Biodiversity 2538-1318 Copyright is retained by Magnolia press LTD. https://mapress.com/jib/article/view/2025.71.1.1 <p lang="en-US" align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span lang="en-GB"><em>Nialoe</em></span><span lang="en-GB"> (s. lat.) Tanaka, 1958, is one of the most taxonomically problematic subgenera within the carabid beetle genus </span><span lang="en-GB"><em>Pterostichus</em></span><span lang="en-GB"> Bonelli, 1810, in the Far East. Previous molecular and morphological phylogenetic analyses identified five clades comparable to subgenera within </span><span lang="en-GB"><em>Nialoe</em></span><span lang="en-GB"> (s. lat.), two of which have not been described taxonomically. In this study, the two remaining clades are described as new subgenera. The more ancestral of these clades is named </span><span lang="en-GB"><em>Protonialoe</em></span> <span lang="en-GB"><strong>subgen. nov.</strong></span><span lang="en-GB"> (type species: </span><span lang="en-GB"><em>Pterostichus</em></span> <span lang="en-GB"><em>sincerus</em></span><span lang="en-GB"> Park &amp; Kwon, 1996). This subgenus has two autapomorphies in the female genitalia and is endemic to the Korean Peninsula. The other clade, consisting of Japanese species formerly treated as the </span><span lang="en-GB"><em>macrogenys</em></span><span lang="en-GB"> species group, is described as </span><span lang="en-GB"><em>Smilodonialoe</em></span> <span lang="en-GB"><strong>subgen. nov.</strong></span><span lang="en-GB"> (type species: </span><span lang="en-GB"><em>Pterostichus</em></span> <span lang="en-GB"><em>macrogenys</em></span><span lang="en-GB"> Bates, 1883). This subgenus has two autapomorphies in the external morphology and is distributed across eastern Honshu in the Japanese Archipelago.</span></span></span></span></p> KÔJI SASAKAWA Copyright (c) 2025 Magnolia press 2025-11-05 2025-11-05 71 1 1 14 10.12976/jib/2025.71.1.1 https://mapress.com/jib/article/view/2025.71.1.2 <p lang="en-US" align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span lang="en-GB">This study evaluated the influence of substrate diversity on the distribution of cave floor invertebrates within the largest limestone cave in the Amazon, using substrate variation as a proxy for microhabitat heterogeneity. Sampling was conducted at two spatial scales: larger sectors (10x3 m) and smaller quadrats (1x1 m) to assess faunal responses across different scales. We tested the hypothesis that floor substrate variation, measured as total substrate diversity, shelter and organic debris diversity, microclimatic conditions (temperature and humidity), and distance from the cave entrance, affects cave invertebrates’ composition, richness, and taxonomic distinctness. A total of 101 species were recorded, with 101 species observed in the sectors and 67 in the quadrats. The richest taxonomic groups included Araneae (11 species), Diplopoda (11), Acari (9), Coleoptera (8), Diptera (8), Hymenoptera (8), and Isopoda (7). Ten species were classified as troglobites. Faunal similarity was low (less than 20%), indicating a high turnover across the cave’s microhabitats. Substrate diversity and distance from the entrance were the main factors driving faunal dissimilarity. The number of non-troglobitic species decreased with increasing distance from the cave entrance, reflecting the reduced availability of organic debris and shelters in deeper zones. Non-troglobitic taxonomic distinctness was positively associated with substrate diversity within quadrats. In contrast, variations in troglobitic species composition were primarily determined by distance from the entrance. Entrance zones, characterized by greater habitat heterogeneity and higher organic matter input, supported a larger number of species. Non-troglobite taxonomic distinctness responded positively to substrate diversity within the quadrats. Distance from the entrance determines variations in the troglobite species composition. Areas near the entrance had a greater variety of habitats and a higher supply of organic matter, which enables them to support a greater number of species. This study underscores the importance of conserving and managing cave ecosystems with particular attention to substrate and microhabitat diversity at multiple spatial scales. Understanding these ecological dynamics is critical for identifying biodiversity patterns and developing effective conservation strategies.</span></span></span></span></p> MARCONI SOUZA-SILVA LUANA CRISTINA LOURENÇO-GUIMARÃES RODRIGO LOPES FERREIRA Copyright (c) 2025 Magnolia press 2025-11-05 2025-11-05 71 1 15 33 10.12976/jib/2025.71.1.2