Molluscan Research 25(3):
145-163; published 20 December 2005
Copyright © The
Malacological Society of Australasia
Rissooidean freshwater gastropods from
the middle of the Pacific: the
genus Fluviopupa on the Austral Islands (Caenogastropoda)
M. HAASE1,2,
O. GARGOMINY1 & B. FONTAINE1
1Museum
National d'Histoire Naturelle, Case postale 51, 55 rue Buffon, F-75231
Paris cedex 05, France
2Present
address and address for correspondence: Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum
Alexander Koenig, Section Molecular Biology, Adenauerallee
160, D-53113 Bonn, Germany, Tel: 0049 228 91 22 242, FAX: 0049 228 91
22 212, Email: martin_haase@excite.com
Abstract
The Austral Islands comprising five
islands of volcanic origin situated in the south of Polynesia, harbour
what is probably the most isolated fauna of hydrobioid gastropods. To
date, only two species belonging to the genus Fluviopupa have
been known. We describe an additional four species. Each species is
exclusive to one island. Two species each occur on Rapa and Raivavae.
Only on the western-most, oldest, and most degraded island, Rimatara,
were no hydrobioids found. The closest relatives occur on Fiji. Since
no hydrobioids are known from the island groups between Fiji and the
Austral Islands, viz. Tonga, Samoa and the Cook Islands, we assume
that the common ancestor has arrived directly from Fiji before these
islands were formed in the late Miocene, possibly transported by a
bird. Four of the Austral species meet the IUCN criteria for
Vulnerable while F. jeanyvesi n. sp. and F. tubuaia
n. sp. are considered Critically Endangered. Both are known from a
single locality on Raivavae and Tubuai, respectively, and they are
threatened by habitat loss.
Key
words: biogeography, Mollusca,
Polynesia, taxonomy
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