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Issue: Vol. 1 No. 4: December 2024
Type: Article
Published: 2024-12-23
DOI: 10.11646/mesozoic.1.4.5
Page range: 474-482
Abstract views: 150
PDF downloaded: 83

Cranial anatomy and holotype reconstruction of the Late Cretaceous turtle, Australobaena chilensis from the Quiriquina Formation, Chile

Department of Prehistory and Early History, Friedrich Schiller University, Löbdergraben 24a, Jena 07743, Germany
Department of Zoology (Wildlife Section), University of Karachi 75270, Pakistan
Department of Geography and Geology, Paris Lodron University of Salzburg, Hellbrunnerstrasse 34, 5020, Austria
Australobaena chilensis Cranial anatomy Maastrichtian Quiriquina Formation

Abstract

Resolving the phylogeny of fossil turtles is uniquely challenging given the high potential for the unification of convergent lineages due to systematic homoplasy. Equivocal reconstructions of turtle evolution and biogeographic or palaeo-climatic data with phylogenetic hypotheses and new images of the holotype reconstructions of fossil turtles are important for prehistoric turtle fossil remains. Here we describe the cranial anatomy and holotype reconstruction of the Late Cretaceous turtle, Australobaena chilensis from the Quiriquina Formation of the Maastricht Ocean Horizon Chile, which was identified as a new genus and species of Baenidae (an extinct family of para-cryptodiran turtles) in 2002 by Karl and Tichy. The holotype is “SMF R 415”, a partially destroyed skull without a lower jaw, and with a unique cranial plane. This taxon belongs to Baenidae, an extinct freshwater family from the Cretaceous period in North America. This is the first baenid fossil found outside of North America, and we re-describe and reconstruct it with new photographs and illustrations of the cranial anatomy of this material (Holotype).

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