Skip to main content Skip to main navigation menu Skip to site footer
Responsive image
Issue: Vol. 9 No. 4: August 2026
Type: Correspondence
Published: 2026-08-28
DOI: 10.11646/palaeoentomology.9.4.2
Page range: 311-314
Abstract views: 129
PDF downloaded: 6

The first female of the genus Palaeoglaesum (Psychodidae: Bruchomyiinae) from mid-Cretaceous Kachin amber

School of Life Sciences and Food Engineering; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of the Biodiversity Conservation and Characteristic Resource Utilization in Southwest Anhui; Anqing Normal University; Anqing 246011; China
Universidade Federal do ABC; Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas; Santo André; São Paulo; Brazil
State Scientific Institute Nature Research Centre; Vilnius; Lithuania
Psychodidae Bruchomyiinae

Abstract

Bruchomyiinae Alexander, 1920 is one of eight subfamilies of the family Psychodidae, comprising fewer than 60 extant species distributed in tropical and subtropical regions (Wagner & Stuckenberg, 2012). Because all life stages are closely associated with humid sub-tropical and tropical forest environments, bruchomyiines tend to be preserved as amber fossils (Fairchild, 1952; Stuckenberg, 1962; Skibińska et al., 2020).

References

  1. Alexander, C.P. (1920) A new subfamily of Tanyderidae flies (Diptera). Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 13 (4), 402–406. https://doi.org/10.1093/aesa/13.4.402
  2. Alexander, J.B. (1987) A new species of Nemapalpus (Diptera; Psychodidae; Bruchomyiinae) from Northeastern Colombia. Florida Entomologist, 70 (3), 376–381. https://doi.org/10.2307/3495071
  3. Azar, D., Szwedo, J., Maalouf, M., Maalouf, R. & Maksoud, S. (2022) Libanonemopalpus grimaldii, a new genus and species of Bruchomyiinae from Lower Cretaceous Lebanese amber (Diptera: Psychodidae). Palaeoentomology, 5 (6), 569–578. https://doi.org/10.11646/palaeoentomology.5.6.7
  4. Cumming, J.M. & Wood, D.M. (2017) Adult morphology and terminology. In: Kirk-Spriggs, A.H. & Sinclair, B.J. (Eds), Manual of Afrotropical Diptera, Volume 1. Introductory chapters and keys to Diptera families. Suricata, 4. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria, pp. 89–133.
  5. Edwards, F.W. (1921) A note on the subfamily Bruchomyiinae (Diptera Nematocera). Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 9, 437–439. https://doi.org/10.1080/00222932108632543
  6. Fairchild, G.B. (1952) Notes on Bruchomyia and Nemopalpus (Diptera, Psychodidae). Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 45 (2), 259–280. https://doi.org/10.1093/aesa/45.2.259
  7. Kaczmarek, S., Krzemiński, W. & Soszyńska, A. (2025) Another species of Palaeoglaesum (Diptera, Psychodidae, Bruchomyiinae) from mid-Cretaceous Kachin amber. Palaeoentomology, 8 (4), 355–358. https://doi.org/10.11646/palaeoentomology.8.4.2
  8. Krzemiński, W. & Krzemińska, E. (2003) Triassic Diptera: descriptions, revisions and phylogenetic relations. Acta Zoologica Cracoviensia, 46 (Suppl.), 153–184.
  9. Li, L.F., Rasnitsyn, A.P., Shih, C.K. & Ren, D. (2015) A new genus and species of Praeaulacidae (Hymenoptera: Evanioidea) from Upper Cretaceous Myanmar amber. Cretaceous Research, 55, 19–24. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cretres.2015.01.007
  10. Linnaeus, C. (1758) Systema naturae per regna tria naturae: Secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Editio decima, reformata. Tomus I. Laurentius Salvius, Holmiae [= Stockholm], 824 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.542
  11. Madriz, R.I. & Courtney, G.W. (2016) The Neotropical tanyderid Araucoderus gloriosus (Alexander) (Diptera, Tanyderidae), with description of the egg, larva and pupa, redescription of adults, and notes on natural history. Zootaxa, 4158 (3), 325–351. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4158.3.2
  12. Newman, E. (1834) Attempted division of British insects into natural orders. The Entomological Magazine, 2, 379–431.
  13. Ross, A.J. (2026) Supplement to the Burmese (Myanmar) amber checklist and bibliography, 2025, with comments on the use of the terms ‘Kachin amber’ and ‘Burmite’. Palaeoentomology, 9 (1), 25–44. https://doi.org/10.11646/palaeoentomology.9.1.5
  14. Schlüter, T. (1978) Die Schmetterlingsmücken-Gattung Nemopalpus (Diptera: Psychodidae) aus dem oligozänen Harz der Dominikanischen Republik. Entomologia Germanica, 4 (3-4), 242–249. https://doi.org/10.1127/entom.germ/4/1978/242
  15. Shi, G.H., Grimaldi, D.A., Harlow, G.E., Wang, J., Wang, J., Yang, M.C., Lei, W.Y., Li, Q.L. & Li, X.H. (2012) Age constraint on Burmese amber based on U-Pb dating of zircons. Cretaceous Research, 37, 155–163. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cretres.2012.03.014
  16. Skibińska, K. & Santos, D. (2023) New subgenus and two new species of the genus Palaeoglaesum and its position within Bruchomyiinae (Psychodidae). Acta Zoologica Cracoviensia, 66 (1), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.3409/azc.66.01
  17. Skibińska, K., Albrycht, M., Zhang, Q.Q., Giłka, W., Zakrzewska, M. & Krzemiński, W. (2021) Diversity of the fossil genus Palaeoglaesum Wagner (Diptera, Psychodidae) in the Upper Cretaceous Amber of Myanmar. Insects, 12 (3), 247. https://doi.org/10.3390/insects12030247
  18. Skibińska, K., Krzemiński, W. & Zhang, Q.Q. (2019) A revised diagnosis of Palaeoglaesum Wagner (Diptera, Psychodidae, Bruchomyiinae) with description of two new species from Cretaceous Myanmar amber. Historical Biology, 33 (1-2), 230–236. https://doi.org/10.1080/08912963.2019.1607321
  19. Skibińska, K., Szadziewski, R., Kania, I. & Krzemiński, W. (2020) A new species of Bruchomyiinae (Diptera: Psychodidae) from Baltic amber. Zootaxa, 4838 (1), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4838.1.10
  20. Skibińska, K., Zhang, Q.Q., Ševčík, J., Kopeć, K. & Krzemiński, W. (2023) Description of three new species of Palaeoglaesum Wagner (Diptera: Psychodidae, Bruchomyiinae) from mid-Cretaceous amber of northern Myanmar. Cretaceous Research, 152, 105676. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cretres.2023.105676
  21. Stebner, F., Solórzano Kraemer, M.M., Ibáñez-Bernal, S. & Wagner, R. (2015) Moth flies and sand flies (Diptera: Psychodidae) in Cretaceous Burmese amber. PeerJ, 3, e1254. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.1254
  22. Stuckenberg, B.R. (1962) The South African species of Nemopalpus (Diptera: Psychodidae). Annals of the Natal Museum, 15, 201–218.
  23. Wagner, R. & Stuckenberg, B.R. (2012) New fossil and extant species of Nemopalpus Macquart (Diptera: Psychodidae: Bruchomyiinae). African Invertebrates, 53 (1), 355–367. https://doi.org/10.5733/afin.053.0119
  24. Wagner, R. (2017) Synopsis of extinct Bruchomyiinae (Diptera, Psychodidae) from Burmese, Baltic and Dominican amber, with descriptions of new genera and species. Zootaxa, 4320 (1), 100–120. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4320.1.6