Abstract
Protopsyllidioidea is an extinct superfamily of Sternorrhyncha (Hemiptera) known from the late Carboniferous to the late Cretaceous (Hakim et al., 2019; Boderau et al. 2026). It can be distinguished from other hemipterans by the combination of a rather narrow area between C and ScP + R, the absence or scarcity of crossveins, especially in the distal half of the forewing, a simple RP, a long common stem M + CuA emerging from R + M + CuA, the presence of strong setae on all main veins, and the fusion of CuA with M to form a common stem M + CuA. This combination of characters provides a more reliable basis for distinguishing the taxon from other hemipterans (Becker-Migdisova, 1985; Klimaszewski, 1995; Grimaldi, 2003; Nel et al., 2012; Huang et al., 2022). Currently, five families are recognized within Protopsyllidioidea: Permopsyllidiidae Becker-Migdisova, 1985, Protopsyllidiidae Carpenter, 1931, Postopsyllidiidae Hakim et al., 2019, Paraprotopsyllidiidae Hakim et al., 2021 and Lovedopsyllididae Boderau et al., 2024.
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