Abstract
Aristolochia longissima and Aristolochia ornithorhyncha, two new species from the lowland moist forest from the Pacific watershed of southern Costa Rica and western Panama, are described and illustrated. Both species can be distinguished from most other species of Aristolochia series Thyrsicae, because of their leaves with pellucid gland dots, which are here documented in Aristolochiaceae for the first time. Comments about their distribution, habitat, phenology, conservation status and distinction from related species are provided. The circumscription of Aristolochia belizensis, A. chapmaniana, A. fragrantissima, A. ovalifolia, A. schmidtiana and A. tonduzii is discussed.
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<p>Buchwalder, K., Samain, M.S., Sankowsky, G., Neinhuis, C. & Wanke, S. (2014) Nomenclatural updates of <em>Aristolochia</em> subgenus <em>Pararistolochia</em> (Aristolochiaceae). <em>Australian Systematic Botany</em> 27: 48‒55. https://doi.org/10.1071/SB13042</p>
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<p>Jiménez, J.E. & Blanco, M.A. (2020) Aristolochiaceae. <em>In</em>: Hammel, B.E., Grayum, M.H., Herrera, C. & Zamora, N. (eds.) Manual de Plantas de Costa Rica, Volumen IV, Parte 1: Dicotiledóneas (Acanthaceae–Asteraceae). <em>Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden</em> 137: 496–515.</p>
<p>Jost, M., Samain, M.S., Marques, I., Graham, S.W. & Wanke, S. (2021) Discordant phylogenomic placement of Hydnoraceae and Lactoridaceae within Piperales using data from all three genomes. <em>Frontiers in Plant Science</em> 12: 642598. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2021.642598</p>
<p>JSTOR. (2021 [continuously updated]) <em>JSTOR Global Plants</em>. Available from: https://plants.jstor.org/ (accessed 20 January 2019)</p>
<p>Linnaeus, C. (1753) <em>Species plantarum</em>. Impensis Laurenti Salvii, Uppsala, 1200 pp.</p>
<p>Lundell, C.L. (1971) Studies of American plants – IV. <em>Wrightia</em> 4: 173–184.</p>
<p>Nickrent, D.L., Soltis, D.E., Blarer, A., Qiu, Y.-L., Soltis, P.S. & Zanis, M. (2002) Molecular data place Hydnoraceae with Aristolochiaceae. <em>American Journal of Botany</em> 89: 1809–1817. https://doi.org/10.3732/ajb.89.11.1809</p>
<p>Nuttall, T. (1837 [1835]) Collections toward a flora of the Territory of Arkansas. <em>Transactions of the American Philosophical Society, new series</em> 5 (6[2]): 139–203. https://doi.org/10.2307/1004943</p>
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<p>Philippi, R.A. (1865) Descripción de algunas plantas nuevas chilenas. <em>Anales de la Universidad de Chile</em> 26: 638–650 + Fig. i.</p>
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