Abstract
A taxonomic account of the Centaurea parlatoris complex (Asteraceae), endemic to Sicily, is presented. This complex includes six taxa, three described in the 19th century (C. parlatoris, C. parlatoris var. tomentosa and C. parlatoris var. virescens) and three recently described (C. sicana, C. giardinae and C. heywoodiana). Starting from the designation of the types for the oldest plant names that have not been typified yet, taxonomic considerations are formulated and C. parlatoris var. virescens is elevated to the rank of species. An identification key and a distribution map complete this account.
References
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<p>Giardina, G., Raimondo, F.M. & Spadaro, V. (2007) A catalogue of plants growing in Sicily. <em>Bocconea</em> 20: 5–582.</p>
<p>Gussone, G. (1843–1844) <em>Florae Syculae Synopsis</em>, vol. 2. Tramater, Napoli, 529 pp.</p>
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<p>La Valva, V. (1993) La Collezione Gussone Sicilia. <em>Webbia</em> 48: 515–537.</p>
<p>Peruzzi, L., Domina, G., Bartolucci, F., Galasso, G., Peccenini, S., Raimondo, F.M., Albano, A., Banfi, E., Barberis, G., Bernardo, L., Bovio, M., Brullo, S., Brundu, G., Camarda, I., Carta, L., Conti, F., Croce, A., Iamonico, D., Inerite, G., Longo, D., Marsili, S., Medagli, P., Pistarino, A., Salmeri, C., Santangelo, A., Scassellati, E., Selvi, F., Soldano, A., Stinca, A., Villani, M., Wagensommer, R.P. & Passalacqua, N.G. (2015) An inventory of the names of vascular plants endemic to Italy, their loci classici and types. <em>Phytotaxa </em>196: 1–217. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.196.1.1</p>
<p>Peruzzi, L., Galasso, G., Domina, G., Bartolucci, F., Santangelo, A., Alessandrini, A., Astuti, G., D’Antraccoli, M., Roma-Marzio, F., Ardenghi, N.M.G., Barberis, G., Conti, F., Bernardo, L., Peccenini, S., Stinca, A., Wagensommer, R.P., Bonari, G., Iamonico, D., Iberite, M., Viciani, D., Del Guacchio, E., Giusso Del Galdo, G., Lastrucci, L., Villani, M., Brunu, A., Magrini, S., Pistarino, A., Brullo, S., Salmeri, C., Brundu, G., Clementi, M., Carli, E., Vacca, G., Marcucci, R., Banfi, E., Longo, D., Di Pietro, R. & Passalacqua, N.G. (2019) An inventory of the names of native, non-endemic vascular plants described from Italy, their loci classici and types. <em>Phytotaxa </em>410: 1–215. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.410.1.1</p>
<p>Pignatti, S. (2018) <em>Centaurea</em> L. <em>In</em>: Pignatti, S. <em>Flora d’Italia</em>, 2nd ed., vol. 3. New Business media, Milano, pp. 977–1018.</p>
<p>Raimondo, F.M. & Bancheva, S. (2009) <em>Centaurea parlatoris</em> subsp. <em>virescens</em>. <em>Flora Mediterranea</em> 19: 305.</p>
<p>Raimondo, F.M. & Spadaro, V. (2006) <em>Centaurea giardinae</em> (Asteraceae) nuova specie dell’Etna (Sicilia orientale<em>). Il Naturalista siciliano</em>, s. 4., 30 (3–4): 371–378.</p>
<p>Raimondo, F.M. & Spadaro, V. (2008) A new species of <em>Centaurea</em> (Asteraceae) from Sicily. <em>Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society</em> 157: 785–788. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8339.2008.00813.x</p>
<p>Raimondo, F.M., Spadaro, V. & Di Gristina, E. (2020) <em>Centaurea heywoodiana</em> (Asteraceae), a new species from the Nebrodi Mountains (NE-Sicily). <em>Flora Mediterranea</em> 30: 369–376. https://doi.org/10.7320/FlMedit30.369</p>
<p>Thiers, B. (2021) <em>Index Herbariorum: A global directory of public herbaria and associated staff</em>. Available from: http://sweetgum.nybg.org/ih/ (accessed 4 June 2021)</p>
<p>Traclet, S., Pires, M. & Domina, G. (2017) Lectotypifications of <em>Cerastium siculum</em>, <em>C. densiflorum</em>, and <em>C. aggregatum</em>, and taxonomic notes on <em>C. siculum </em>(Caryophyllaceae). <em>Turkish Journal of Botany </em>41: 416–422. https://doi.org/10.3906/bot-1610-13</p>
<p>Bancheva, S., Geraci, A. & Raimondo, F.M. (2011) Assessing the genetic diversity of <em>Centaurea parlatoris</em> group (sect. Dissectae, Compositae) in Sicily using isozymes. <em>Plant Biosystems</em> 145: 778–785 https://doi.org/10.1080/11263504.2011.629462</p>
<p>Brullo, C. & Brullo, S. (2020) <em>Flora endemica illustrata della Sicilia</em>. Laruffa ed, Reggio Calabria. 441 pp.</p>
<p>Brundu, G., Peruzzi, L., Domina, G., Bartolucci, F., Galasso, G., Peccenini, S., Raimondo, F.M., Albano, A., Alessandrini, A., Banfi, E., Barberis, G., Bernardo, L., Bovio, M., Brullo, S., Brunu, A., Camarda, I., Carta, L., Conti, F., Croce, A., Iamonico, D., Iberite, M., Iiriti, G., Longo, D., Marsili, S., Medagli, P., Mariotti, M.G., Pennesi, R., Pistarino, A., Salmeri, C., Santangelo, A., Scassellati, E., Selvi, F., Stinca, A., Vacca, G., Villani, M., Wagensommer, R.P. & Passalacqua, N.G. (2017) At the intersection of cultural and natural heritage: distribution and conservation of the type localities of the Italian endemic vascular plants. <em>Biological Conservation </em>214: 109–118. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2017.07.024</p>
<p>Di Gristina, E., Scafidi, F. & Domina, G. (2020) Typification of the name <em>Galatella sorrentinoi</em> (Asteraceae). <em>Phytotaxa</em> 451 (4): 294–296. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.451.4.4</p>
<p>Di Gristina, E., Domina, G., Raimondo, F.M. & Scafidi, F. (2017) Typification of the name <em>Abies nebrodensis </em>(Pinaceae). <em>Taxon </em>66: 970–972. https://doi.org/10.12705/664.11</p>
<p>Di Gristina, E., Raimondo, F.M., Domina, G. & Gottschlich, G. (2012) Typification of eight names in <em>Hieracium </em>(Asteraceae). <em>Taxon </em>61: 1317–1320. https://doi.org/10.1002/tax.616013</p>
<p>Domina, G., Greuter, W. & Raimondo, F.M. (2016) Types of names of taxa belonging to the <em>Centaurea cineraria </em>group (Compositae) described from Sicily. <em>Willdenowia </em>46: 23–26. https://doi.org/10.3372/wi.46.46102</p>
<p>Fiori, A. & Béguinot, A. (1904) <em>Flora analitica d’Italia</em>, vol. 3. Tip. del Seminario, Padova, 527 pp.</p>
<p>Giardina, G., Raimondo, F.M. & Spadaro, V. (2007) A catalogue of plants growing in Sicily. <em>Bocconea</em> 20: 5–582.</p>
<p>Gussone, G. (1843–1844) <em>Florae Syculae Synopsis</em>, vol. 2. Tramater, Napoli, 529 pp.</p>
<p>Heldreich, T. de (1843) Descrizione di alcune specie nuove di piante siciliane. <em>Annali dell’Accademia degli aspiranti naturalisti</em> 1: 283–292.</p>
<p>La Valva, V. (1993) La Collezione Gussone Sicilia. <em>Webbia</em> 48: 515–537.</p>
<p>Peruzzi, L., Domina, G., Bartolucci, F., Galasso, G., Peccenini, S., Raimondo, F.M., Albano, A., Banfi, E., Barberis, G., Bernardo, L., Bovio, M., Brullo, S., Brundu, G., Camarda, I., Carta, L., Conti, F., Croce, A., Iamonico, D., Inerite, G., Longo, D., Marsili, S., Medagli, P., Pistarino, A., Salmeri, C., Santangelo, A., Scassellati, E., Selvi, F., Soldano, A., Stinca, A., Villani, M., Wagensommer, R.P. & Passalacqua, N.G. (2015) An inventory of the names of vascular plants endemic to Italy, their loci classici and types. <em>Phytotaxa </em>196: 1–217. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.196.1.1</p>
<p>Peruzzi, L., Galasso, G., Domina, G., Bartolucci, F., Santangelo, A., Alessandrini, A., Astuti, G., D’Antraccoli, M., Roma-Marzio, F., Ardenghi, N.M.G., Barberis, G., Conti, F., Bernardo, L., Peccenini, S., Stinca, A., Wagensommer, R.P., Bonari, G., Iamonico, D., Iberite, M., Viciani, D., Del Guacchio, E., Giusso Del Galdo, G., Lastrucci, L., Villani, M., Brunu, A., Magrini, S., Pistarino, A., Brullo, S., Salmeri, C., Brundu, G., Clementi, M., Carli, E., Vacca, G., Marcucci, R., Banfi, E., Longo, D., Di Pietro, R. & Passalacqua, N.G. (2019) An inventory of the names of native, non-endemic vascular plants described from Italy, their loci classici and types. <em>Phytotaxa </em>410: 1–215. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.410.1.1</p>
<p>Pignatti, S. (2018) <em>Centaurea</em> L. <em>In</em>: Pignatti, S. <em>Flora d’Italia</em>, 2nd ed., vol. 3. New Business media, Milano, pp. 977–1018.</p>
<p>Raimondo, F.M. & Bancheva, S. (2009) <em>Centaurea parlatoris</em> subsp. <em>virescens</em>. <em>Flora Mediterranea</em> 19: 305.</p>
<p>Raimondo, F.M. & Spadaro, V. (2006) <em>Centaurea giardinae</em> (Asteraceae) nuova specie dell’Etna (Sicilia orientale<em>). Il Naturalista siciliano</em>, s. 4., 30 (3–4): 371–378.</p>
<p>Raimondo, F.M. & Spadaro, V. (2008) A new species of <em>Centaurea</em> (Asteraceae) from Sicily. <em>Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society</em> 157: 785–788. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8339.2008.00813.x</p>
<p>Raimondo, F.M., Spadaro, V. & Di Gristina, E. (2020) <em>Centaurea heywoodiana</em> (Asteraceae), a new species from the Nebrodi Mountains (NE-Sicily). <em>Flora Mediterranea</em> 30: 369–376. https://doi.org/10.7320/FlMedit30.369</p>
<p>Thiers, B. (2021) <em>Index Herbariorum: A global directory of public herbaria and associated staff</em>. Available from: http://sweetgum.nybg.org/ih/ (accessed 4 June 2021)</p>
<p>Traclet, S., Pires, M. & Domina, G. (2017) Lectotypifications of <em>Cerastium siculum</em>, <em>C. densiflorum</em>, and <em>C. aggregatum</em>, and taxonomic notes on <em>C. siculum </em>(Caryophyllaceae). <em>Turkish Journal of Botany </em>41: 416–422. https://doi.org/10.3906/bot-1610-13</p>