Abstract
Impatiens nushanensis (Balsaminaceae), a new species from Yunnan, China, is described and illustrated here. The new species is morphologically most similar to I. purpurea, but differs by having two pairs of lateral sepals and deep purple lower lobe of the lateral united petal with an acuminate and ribbon-like apex. Furthermore, phylogenetic analysis based on molecular data also support the recognization of this new species.
References
<p>Chen, Y.L. (2001) Balsaminaceae. <em>In:</em> Chen, Y.L. (Ed.) <em>Flora Reipublicae Popularis Sinica</em>. Science Press, Beijing, pp. 1–243.</p>
<p>Chen, Y.L., Akiyama, S. & Ohba, H. (2007) Balsaminaceae. <em>In:</em> Wu, Z.Y., Raven, P.H. & Hong, D.Y. (Eds.) <em>Flora of China</em>, Vol. 12. Science Press, Beijing & Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis, pp. 43–113.</p>
<p>Cai, X.Z., Hu, G.W. & Cong, Y.Y. (2015) <em>Impatiens xanthinoides</em> (Balsaminaceae), a new species from Yunnan, China. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 227 (3): 261–267. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.227.3.5</p>
<p>Doyle, J.J. & Doyle, J.L. (1987) A rapid DNA isolation procedure for small quantities of fresh leaf material. <em>Phytochemical bulletin</em> 19: 11–15.</p>
<p>Fischer, E. (2004) Balsaminaceae. <em>In:</em> Kubitzki, K. (Ed.) <em>The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants VI</em>. Springer Verlag, Berlin, pp. 20–25. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-07257-8_4</p>
<p>GBIF.org (2021) GBIF Occurrence Download. https://doi.org/10.15468/dl.n59ywu</p>
<p>Grey-Wilson, C. (1980) <em>Impatiens of Africa</em>. CRC Press, Rotterdam, 248 pp.</p>
<p>Gu, J.Z., Yang, N., Peng, Y.C., Song, Y.X., Guo, S.W. & Cong, Y.Y. (2021) <em>Impatiens shangjiangensis</em> (Balsaminaceae), a new species from Yunnan, China. <em>Annales Botanici Fennici </em>58: 197–201. https://doi.org/10.5735/085.058.0401</p>
<p>Handel-Mazzetti, H.R. (1933) <em>Symbolae Sinicae</em>, <em>Botanische Ergebnisse der Expedition der Akademie der Wissenschaften in Wien nach Sudwest-China</em>, Vol. 7 (3). Verlag von Julius Springer, Wien, 730 pp.</p>
<p>Hooker, J.D. (1908) Les espéces du genre “<em>Impatiens</em>” dans l’herbier du Museum de Paris. <em>Nouvelles Archives du Muséum d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris</em> Serie 4, 10: 233–272.</p>
<p>Hooker, J.D. (1911) <em>Impatiens cyathiflora</em>, Hook. f<em>. Hooker’s Icones Plantarum</em> Series 4, 30 (3): t. 2952.</p>
<p>Huelsenbeck, J.P. & Hillis, D.M. (1993) Success of phylogenetic methods in the four-taxoncase. <em>Systematic Biology </em>42 (3): 247–264. https://doi.org/10.1093/sysbio/42.3.247</p>
<p>IUCN Standards and Petitions Subcommittee (2022) <em>Guidelines for using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria. Version</em> 15. Prepared by the Standards and Petitions Subcommittee. Available from: https://nc.iucnredlist.org/redlist/content/attachment_files/RedListGuidelines.pdf (accessed January 2022)</p>
<p>Linnaeus, C. (1753) <em>Species Plantarum</em>. L. Salvius, Stockholm. 1200 pp.</p>
<p>Li, G.F., Shui, Y.M., Chen, W.H. & Wei, Z.D. (2011) A new species of <em>Impatiens</em> (Balsaminaceae) from Yunnan, China. <em>Brittonia</em> 63 (4): 452–456. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12228-011-9182-4</p>
<p>Liao, R.L., Cai, L., Yu, Z.Y., Wang, Y.H. & Sun, W.B. (2021) <em>Impatiens wutaishanensis</em> (Balsaminaceae), a new species from Southeast Yunnan, China. <em>PhytoKeys</em> 176: 43–53. https://doi: 10.3897/phytokeys.176.58825</p>
<p>Nguyen, L.T., Schmidt, H.A., Haeseler, A. & Minh, B.Q. (2015) A fast and effective stochastic algorithm for estimating maximum-likelihood phylogenies. <em>Molecular Biology and Evolution</em> 32: 268–274. https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msu300</p>
<p>Shui, Y.M., Steven, J., Huang, S.H., Chen, W.H. & Yang, Z.G. (2011) Three new species of <em>Impatiens</em> L. from China and Vietnam: preparation of flowers and morphology of pollen and seeds. <em>Systematic Botany </em>36 (2): 428–439. https://doi.org/10.1600/036364411X569615</p>
<p>Song, Y., Yuan, Y.M. & Küpfer, P. (2003) Chromosomal evolution in Balsaminaceae, with cytological observations on 45 species from Southeast Asia. <em>Caryologia</em> 56: 463‒481. https://doi.org/10.1080/00087114.2003.10589359</p>
<p>Song, Y.X., Peng, S. Cong, Y.Y. & Zheng, Y.M. (2021)<em> Impatiens rapiformis</em>, a new species of <em>Impatiens</em> with root tuber from Yunnan, China. <em>Nordic Journal of Botany</em> 39 (5): e03151. https://doi.org/10.1111/njb.03151</p>
<p>Song, Y.X., Cong, Y.Y., Kuang, R.P., Peng, Y.C. & Zheng, Y.M. (2021) <em>Impatiens sterilis</em>, a rare new species of <em>Impatiens</em> with reduced sterile inflorescences from Yunnan, China. <em>Taiwania</em> 66 (1): 48‒52. https://doi.org/10.6165/tai.2021.66.48</p>
<p>Tan, Y.H., Liu, Y.N., Jiang, H., Zhu, X.X., Zhang, W. & Yu, S.X. (2015) <em>Impatiens pandurata</em> (Balsaminaceae), a new species from Yunnan, China. <em>Botanical Studies</em> 56: article no. 29. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40529-015-0108-4</p>
<p>White, T.J., Bruns, T., Lee, S. & Taylor, J. (1990) Amplification and direct sequencing of fungal ribosomal RNA genes for phylogenetics.<em> In:</em> Innis, M.A., Gelfand, D.H., Sninsky, J.J. & White, T.J. (Eds.) <em>PCR Protocols: A Guide to Methods and Applications</em>. Academic Press, New York, pp. 315–322. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-372180-8.50042-1</p>
<p>Wight, R. & Arnott, G.A.W. (1834) <em>Prodromus Florae Peninsulae Indiae Orientalis</em>. Parbury, Allen & Co, London, 480 pp.</p>
<p>Xia, C.Y., Gadagkar, R.S., Zhao, X.L., Van, D.T., Zhu, X.Y., Qin, Y., Deng, H.P. & Yu, S.X. (2019) <em>Impatiens maculifera</em> sp. nov. (Balsaminaceae) Yunnan, China. <em>Nordic Journal of Botany</em> 37 (8): e02422. https://doi.org/10.1111/njb.02422</p>
<p>Yu, S.X. (2012) <em>Balsaminaceae of China</em>. Peking University Press, Beijing, 206 pp.</p>
<p>Yu, S.X., Janssens, S.B., Zhu, X.Y., Lidén, M., Gao, T.G. & Wang, W. (2015) Phylogeny of <em>Impatiens</em> (Balsaminaceae): integrating molecular and morphological evidence into a new classification. <em>Cladistics</em> 2015: 1–19. https://doi.org/10.1111/cla.12119</p>
<p>Yuan, Y.M., Song, Y., Geuten, K., Rahelivololona, E., Wohlhauser, S., Fischer, E., Smets, E. & Küpfer, P. (2004) Phylogeny and biogeography of Balsaminaceae inferred from ITS sequence data. <em>Taxon</em> 53: 391–403. https://doi.org/10.2307/4135617</p>
<p>Zhang, C.F., Peng, S., Tian, J., Hu, G.W. & Wang, Q.F. (2020) A new species and a newly recorded species of <em>Impatiens</em> (Balsaminaceae) from Yunnan, China. <em>Plant Science Journal</em> 38 (4): 437–47. https://doi.org/10.11913/PSJ.2095-0837.2020.40437</p>
<p>Chen, Y.L., Akiyama, S. & Ohba, H. (2007) Balsaminaceae. <em>In:</em> Wu, Z.Y., Raven, P.H. & Hong, D.Y. (Eds.) <em>Flora of China</em>, Vol. 12. Science Press, Beijing & Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis, pp. 43–113.</p>
<p>Cai, X.Z., Hu, G.W. & Cong, Y.Y. (2015) <em>Impatiens xanthinoides</em> (Balsaminaceae), a new species from Yunnan, China. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 227 (3): 261–267. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.227.3.5</p>
<p>Doyle, J.J. & Doyle, J.L. (1987) A rapid DNA isolation procedure for small quantities of fresh leaf material. <em>Phytochemical bulletin</em> 19: 11–15.</p>
<p>Fischer, E. (2004) Balsaminaceae. <em>In:</em> Kubitzki, K. (Ed.) <em>The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants VI</em>. Springer Verlag, Berlin, pp. 20–25. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-07257-8_4</p>
<p>GBIF.org (2021) GBIF Occurrence Download. https://doi.org/10.15468/dl.n59ywu</p>
<p>Grey-Wilson, C. (1980) <em>Impatiens of Africa</em>. CRC Press, Rotterdam, 248 pp.</p>
<p>Gu, J.Z., Yang, N., Peng, Y.C., Song, Y.X., Guo, S.W. & Cong, Y.Y. (2021) <em>Impatiens shangjiangensis</em> (Balsaminaceae), a new species from Yunnan, China. <em>Annales Botanici Fennici </em>58: 197–201. https://doi.org/10.5735/085.058.0401</p>
<p>Handel-Mazzetti, H.R. (1933) <em>Symbolae Sinicae</em>, <em>Botanische Ergebnisse der Expedition der Akademie der Wissenschaften in Wien nach Sudwest-China</em>, Vol. 7 (3). Verlag von Julius Springer, Wien, 730 pp.</p>
<p>Hooker, J.D. (1908) Les espéces du genre “<em>Impatiens</em>” dans l’herbier du Museum de Paris. <em>Nouvelles Archives du Muséum d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris</em> Serie 4, 10: 233–272.</p>
<p>Hooker, J.D. (1911) <em>Impatiens cyathiflora</em>, Hook. f<em>. Hooker’s Icones Plantarum</em> Series 4, 30 (3): t. 2952.</p>
<p>Huelsenbeck, J.P. & Hillis, D.M. (1993) Success of phylogenetic methods in the four-taxoncase. <em>Systematic Biology </em>42 (3): 247–264. https://doi.org/10.1093/sysbio/42.3.247</p>
<p>IUCN Standards and Petitions Subcommittee (2022) <em>Guidelines for using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria. Version</em> 15. Prepared by the Standards and Petitions Subcommittee. Available from: https://nc.iucnredlist.org/redlist/content/attachment_files/RedListGuidelines.pdf (accessed January 2022)</p>
<p>Linnaeus, C. (1753) <em>Species Plantarum</em>. L. Salvius, Stockholm. 1200 pp.</p>
<p>Li, G.F., Shui, Y.M., Chen, W.H. & Wei, Z.D. (2011) A new species of <em>Impatiens</em> (Balsaminaceae) from Yunnan, China. <em>Brittonia</em> 63 (4): 452–456. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12228-011-9182-4</p>
<p>Liao, R.L., Cai, L., Yu, Z.Y., Wang, Y.H. & Sun, W.B. (2021) <em>Impatiens wutaishanensis</em> (Balsaminaceae), a new species from Southeast Yunnan, China. <em>PhytoKeys</em> 176: 43–53. https://doi: 10.3897/phytokeys.176.58825</p>
<p>Nguyen, L.T., Schmidt, H.A., Haeseler, A. & Minh, B.Q. (2015) A fast and effective stochastic algorithm for estimating maximum-likelihood phylogenies. <em>Molecular Biology and Evolution</em> 32: 268–274. https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msu300</p>
<p>Shui, Y.M., Steven, J., Huang, S.H., Chen, W.H. & Yang, Z.G. (2011) Three new species of <em>Impatiens</em> L. from China and Vietnam: preparation of flowers and morphology of pollen and seeds. <em>Systematic Botany </em>36 (2): 428–439. https://doi.org/10.1600/036364411X569615</p>
<p>Song, Y., Yuan, Y.M. & Küpfer, P. (2003) Chromosomal evolution in Balsaminaceae, with cytological observations on 45 species from Southeast Asia. <em>Caryologia</em> 56: 463‒481. https://doi.org/10.1080/00087114.2003.10589359</p>
<p>Song, Y.X., Peng, S. Cong, Y.Y. & Zheng, Y.M. (2021)<em> Impatiens rapiformis</em>, a new species of <em>Impatiens</em> with root tuber from Yunnan, China. <em>Nordic Journal of Botany</em> 39 (5): e03151. https://doi.org/10.1111/njb.03151</p>
<p>Song, Y.X., Cong, Y.Y., Kuang, R.P., Peng, Y.C. & Zheng, Y.M. (2021) <em>Impatiens sterilis</em>, a rare new species of <em>Impatiens</em> with reduced sterile inflorescences from Yunnan, China. <em>Taiwania</em> 66 (1): 48‒52. https://doi.org/10.6165/tai.2021.66.48</p>
<p>Tan, Y.H., Liu, Y.N., Jiang, H., Zhu, X.X., Zhang, W. & Yu, S.X. (2015) <em>Impatiens pandurata</em> (Balsaminaceae), a new species from Yunnan, China. <em>Botanical Studies</em> 56: article no. 29. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40529-015-0108-4</p>
<p>White, T.J., Bruns, T., Lee, S. & Taylor, J. (1990) Amplification and direct sequencing of fungal ribosomal RNA genes for phylogenetics.<em> In:</em> Innis, M.A., Gelfand, D.H., Sninsky, J.J. & White, T.J. (Eds.) <em>PCR Protocols: A Guide to Methods and Applications</em>. Academic Press, New York, pp. 315–322. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-372180-8.50042-1</p>
<p>Wight, R. & Arnott, G.A.W. (1834) <em>Prodromus Florae Peninsulae Indiae Orientalis</em>. Parbury, Allen & Co, London, 480 pp.</p>
<p>Xia, C.Y., Gadagkar, R.S., Zhao, X.L., Van, D.T., Zhu, X.Y., Qin, Y., Deng, H.P. & Yu, S.X. (2019) <em>Impatiens maculifera</em> sp. nov. (Balsaminaceae) Yunnan, China. <em>Nordic Journal of Botany</em> 37 (8): e02422. https://doi.org/10.1111/njb.02422</p>
<p>Yu, S.X. (2012) <em>Balsaminaceae of China</em>. Peking University Press, Beijing, 206 pp.</p>
<p>Yu, S.X., Janssens, S.B., Zhu, X.Y., Lidén, M., Gao, T.G. & Wang, W. (2015) Phylogeny of <em>Impatiens</em> (Balsaminaceae): integrating molecular and morphological evidence into a new classification. <em>Cladistics</em> 2015: 1–19. https://doi.org/10.1111/cla.12119</p>
<p>Yuan, Y.M., Song, Y., Geuten, K., Rahelivololona, E., Wohlhauser, S., Fischer, E., Smets, E. & Küpfer, P. (2004) Phylogeny and biogeography of Balsaminaceae inferred from ITS sequence data. <em>Taxon</em> 53: 391–403. https://doi.org/10.2307/4135617</p>
<p>Zhang, C.F., Peng, S., Tian, J., Hu, G.W. & Wang, Q.F. (2020) A new species and a newly recorded species of <em>Impatiens</em> (Balsaminaceae) from Yunnan, China. <em>Plant Science Journal</em> 38 (4): 437–47. https://doi.org/10.11913/PSJ.2095-0837.2020.40437</p>