Abstract
Cymbopleura deqinensis sp. nov. was found in surface sediments of a small, oligotrophic high-mountain lake in Deqin County, Yunnan Province, Southwest China. We describe the morphology of this new species using light and scanning electron microscopy. Cymbopleura deqinensis sp. nov. has the morphological characteristics that are typical for the genus, including dorsally deflected external distal raphe ends and often ventrally deflected proximal raphe ends as well as lacking stigmata and apical pore fields. The new species is most similar to C. similiformis var. angusta and shares features with some other species in this genus, as well. Due to the apices being bent in opposite directions, giving the valves the appearance of being slightly sigmoid, this species may, also due to its small size and finer striation, be compared to species in the genus Encyonopsis. However, a unique set of characteristics sets C. deqinensis sp. nov. apart as a new species: 1) valve ends bend in opposite directions, 2) the shape of areolae are mostly round to elliptical, partly T-shaped, V-shaped or irregularly-shaped externally and round internally, 3) it has several larger areolae near the central area, 4) the shape of central area is rectangular to elliptical or occasionally not well expressed, with irregularly shortened striae. Brief notes on the associated diatom flora and its ecology are provided.
References
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<p>Bahls, L.L. & Luna, T. (2018) <em>Cymbopleura laszlorum spec. nov</em>. (Cymbellaceae, Bacillariophyceae), a glacial relic from a calcium-rich floodplain fen in southwestern Montana, USA. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 349: 47–53. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.349.1.5</p>
<p>Battarbee, R.W. (1986) Diatom analysis. <em>In</em>: Norton, S.A. (Ed.) <em>Handbook of Holocene Palaeoecology & Palaeohydrology</em>. John Wiley and Sons: Chichester, UK, pp. 527–570.</p>
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<p>Bukhtiyarova, L.N. (1995) Novye taksonomischeskie kombinatsii diatomovykh vodoroslei (Bacillariophyta). <em>Algologia</em> 5 (4): 417–424.</p>
<p>Delgado, C., Ector, L., Novais, M.H., Blanco, S., Hoffmann, L. & Pardo, I. (2013) Epilithic diatoms of springs and spring-fed streams in Majorca Island (Spain) with the description of a new diatom species <em>Cymbopleura margalefii</em> <em>sp. nov. Fottea</em> 13 (2): 87–104. https://doi.org/10.5507/fot.2013.009</p>
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<p>Ge, L., Liu, Y. & Fan, Y.W. (2013) Newly recorded species of Cymbellaceae and Gomphonemataceae (Bacillariophyta) from Xingkai Lake, China. <em>Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica</em> 33: 2131–2135. [In Chinese with English abstract]</p>
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<p>Gong, Z.J., Li, Y.L., Metzeltin, D. & Lange-Bertalot, H. (2013) New species of <em>Cymbella</em> and <em>Placoneis </em>(Bacillariophyta) from late Pleistocene Fossil, China. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 150: 29–40. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.150.1.2</p>
<p>Gong, Z., Metzeltin, D., Li, Y. & Edlund, M. (2015) Three new species of <em>Navicula</em> (Bacillariophyta) from lakes in Yunnan Plateau (China). <em>Phytotaxa</em> 208 (2): 135–146. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.208.2.2</p>
<p>Guo, J.S., Meng, W.W., He, X.Y., Zhang, Y., Li, Y.L. & Kociolek, J.P. (2021) <em>Oricymba gongshanensis</em> <em>sp. nov. </em>(Cymbellaceae; Bacillariophyceae), a new species from southwest China. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 508 (1): 39–48. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.508.1.3</p>
<p>Guo, J.S., Meng, W.W., Kociolek, J.P., Yang, S. & Li, Y.L. (2022) <em>Cymbopleura huohuaensis</em> <em>sp. nov.</em> (Cymbellaceae; Bacillariophyceae), a new species from Sichuan Province, China. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 530 (2): 237–244. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.530.2.11</p>
<p>Haeckel, E. (1878) <em>Das Protistenreich. Eine Populäre Uebersicht über das Formengebiet der Niedersten Lebewesen.</em> Ernst Günther’s Verlag, Leipzig, 104 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.58542</p>
<p>Hu, Z.J., Li, Y.L. & Wang, Y. (2015) New records of Cymbellaceae (Bacillariophyta) in China. <em>Acta Palaeontologica Sinica</em> 54 (01): 140–146. [In Chinese with English abstract]</p>
<p>Krammer, K. (1982) Valve morphology in the genus <em>Cymbella</em> C.A. Agardh.<em> In: </em>Helmcke, J.-G. & Krammer, K. (Eds.) <em>Micromorphology of diatom valves</em>. Vol. 11. J. Cramer, Vaduz, 299 pp.</p>
<p>Krammer, K. (1997a) Die cymbelloiden Diatomeen. Eine Monographie der weltweit bekannten Taxa. Teil 1. <em>Allgemeines</em> und <em>Encyonema</em> Part. <em>Biblioteca Diatomologica</em> 36: 1–382.</p>
<p>Krammer, K. (1997b) Die cymbelloiden Diatomeen. Ein Monographie der weltweit bekannten T axa. Teil 2. <em>Encyonema</em> part., <em>Encyonopsis</em> and <em>Cymbellopsis</em>. <em>Bibliotheca Diatomologica</em> 37: 1–463.</p>
<p>Krammer, K. (1999) Validierung von <em>Cymbopleura</em> nov. gen. Iconogr. <em>Diatomologica</em> 6: 284.</p>
<p>Krammer, K. (2003) <em>Cymbopleura, Delicata, Navicymbula, Gomphocymbellopsis, Afrocymbella. In</em>: Lange-Bertalot, H. (Ed.) <em>Diatoms of Europe. Vol. 4: Diatoms of the European inland waters and comparable habitats elsewhere</em>. ARG Gantner Verlag KG, Ruggell, 530 pp.</p>
<p>Kociolek, J.P. (2019) A worldwide listing and biogeography of freshwater diatom genera: A phylogenetic perspective. <em>Diatom Research</em> 33: 509–534. https://doi.org/10.1080/0269249X.2019.1574243</p>
<p>Kociolek, J.P., Balasubramanian, K., Blanco, S., Coste, M., Ector, L., Liu, Y., Karthick, B., Kulikovskiy, M., Lundholm, N., Ludwig, T., Potapova, M., Rimet, F., Sabbe, K., Sala, S., Sar, E., Taylor, J., Van de Vijver, B., Wetzel, C.E., Williams, D.M., Witkowski, A. & Witkowski, J. (2022) Diatombase. [WWW document] Available from: https://www.diatombase.org (accessed 5 March 2022)</p>
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<p>Le Cohu, R., Lange-Bertalot, H. & Azemar, F. (2011) <em>Cymbopleura pyrenaica</em> <em>sp. nov.</em> (Bacillariophyceae) and some other <em>Cymbopleura</em> species rarely observed in some lakes of the French Pyrenees. <em>Cryptogamie Algologie</em> 32: 337–349. https://doi.org/10.7872/crya.v32.iss4.2011.337</p>
<p>Levkov, Z., Krstic, S., Metzeltin, D. & Nakov, T. (2007) Diatoms of Lake Prespa and Ohrid. About 500 taxa from ancient lake system. <em>Iconographia Diatomologica</em> 16: 1–613.</p>
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