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Issue: Vol. 26 No. 1: 31 Dec. 2025
Type: Article
Published: 2025-12-31
DOI: 10.11646/zoosymposia.26.1.4
Page range: 5-62
Abstract views: 17
PDF downloaded: 0

How long do acarid mites live? A survey of lifespan in Acaridae (Sarcoptiformes: Astigmata)

Bioeconomy Science Institute; Manaaki Whenua – Landcare Research Group; 231 Morrin Road; Auckland 1072; New Zealand; School of Biological Sciences; University of Auckland; 3A Symonds Street; Auckland 1010; New Zealand
Bioeconomy Science Institute; Manaaki Whenua – Landcare Research Group; 231 Morrin Road; Auckland 1072; New Zealand
Bioeconomy Science Institute; Manaaki Whenua – Landcare Research Group; 231 Morrin Road; Auckland 1072; New Zealand; School of Biological Sciences; University of Auckland; 3A Symonds Street; Auckland 1010; New Zealand
Acari Acaridae life cycle development lifespan longevity

Abstract

Lifespan is a fundamental life-history trait that reflects ecological and evolutionary adaptations. However, information on the lifespan of mites (Acari) remains limited despite their remarkable diversity. As part of the series “How long do Acari live?”, this study compiles and analyses published data on the lifespan of mites in the family Acaridae (Acari: Sarcoptiformes: Astigmata). Literature was searched across major databases (up to 15 October 2025), and data on species identity, sex, temperature, humidity, diet, mean adult longevity, and total lifespan were extracted. Adult longevity and/or lifespan data were only found on 19 species across 7 genera, which are mostly agricultural or storage pests. Across species, adult longevity in Acaridae was generally short, overlapping with other astigmatid mites. Lifespan was highly plastic and primarily influenced by abiotic conditions and resource quality. Cooler temperatures prolonged development and adult longevity, while reduced relative humidity lowered survival. No consistent sex difference in longevity was detected, possibility reflecting interspecific variation in reproductive strategies and experimental design. By combining existing lifespan data, this study provides a foundation for comparative and evolutionary analyses of ageing in mites. Standardised methodologies and broader taxonomic coverage beyond pest species are needed to advance understanding of life-history evolution in this ecologically and economically important family.

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