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Issue: Vol. 5725 No. 2: 2 Dec. 2025
Type: Article
Published: 2025-12-02
DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5725.2.3
Page range: 231-254
Abstract views: 61
PDF downloaded: 0

A new endemic species of Psalidodon Eigenmann (Characiformes: Acestrorhamphidae) from the upper rio Doce basin, Brazil

Laboratório de Sistemática Molecular e Biologia Reprodutiva - Beagle; Departamento de Biologia Animal; Universidade Federal de Viçosa; Av. P.H. Rolfs; s/n; Anexo CCB II; 36570-900 Viçosa; MG; Brazil.
Laboratório de Ictiologia (LABIC); Programa de Pós graduação em Zoologia; Departamento de Zoologia; Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais; Avenida Antônio Carlos; 6627; Belo Horizonte; MG; Brazil.
Laboratório de Evolução e Genética Animal - LEGAL; Departamento de Genética; Universidade Federal do Amazonas; Av. Gal. Octávio Jordão Ramos; 6200; 69080-900 Manaus; AM; Brazil.
Laboratório de Sistemática Molecular e Biologia Reprodutiva - Beagle; Departamento de Biologia Animal; Universidade Federal de Viçosa; Av. P.H. Rolfs; s/n; Anexo CCB II; 36570-900 Viçosa; MG; Brazil.
Laboratório de Sistemática Molecular e Biologia Reprodutiva - Beagle; Departamento de Biologia Animal; Universidade Federal de Viçosa; Av. P.H. Rolfs; s/n; Anexo CCB II; 36570-900 Viçosa; MG; Brazil.
Laboratório de Sistemática Molecular e Biologia Reprodutiva - Beagle; Departamento de Biologia Animal; Universidade Federal de Viçosa; Av. P.H. Rolfs; s/n; Anexo CCB II; 36570-900 Viçosa; MG; Brazil.
Laboratório de Sistemática Molecular e Biologia Reprodutiva - Beagle; Departamento de Biologia Animal; Universidade Federal de Viçosa; Av. P.H. Rolfs; s/n; Anexo CCB II; 36570-900 Viçosa; MG; Brazil.; NRF-South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity (NRF-SAIAB); P. Bag 1015; Makhanda 6140; South Africa
Pisces Psalidodon canaaensis Rio Doce basin integrative taxonomy

Abstract

A new species of Psalidodon Eigenmann is described from an ichthyofaunistic poorly known portion of the upper rio Doce basin, in the state of Minas Gerais, southeastern Brazil. The new species is diagnosed and described using an integrative taxonomy approach. Psalidodon canaaensis new species is distinguished from its congeners by an unique combination of character states, which includes: presence of an adipose fin; a complete lateral line with 35–36 perforated scales; six horizontal scale rows between dorsal-fin origin and lateral line, five scales row between lateral line and pelvic-fin origin; 13–14 scales rows around caudal peduncle; presence of a vertically elongated humeral blotch; 18–24 branched anal-fin rays; one or two maxillary teeth bearing 3–5 cusps; males with elongated bony hooks on anal and pelvic fins, one per lepidotrichia segment; and a distinctive coloration pattern of the anal- and caudal- fins, with the anterior portion of the anal-fin olive green, and the caudal-fin greenish from the base to mid-length, followed by light red chromatophores on the distal portion of the fin-rays. A haplotype network, and Maximum Likelihood analysis based on fragments of the Cytochrome c oxidase I (COI) gene for the new species and some of its congeners highly support it as constituting a separate lineage within Psalidodon. Psalidodon canaaensis has a restricted distribution, inhabiting a high-gradient stream with rapid water flow, subject to anthropogenic pressures. Presently, it is the only species of the genus endemic to the rio Doce basin, emphasizing the importance of surveys in understudied areas.

 

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How to Cite

Queiroz, V.D., Silva, P.C., Machado, V.N., Assis, C.E.D., Barros, L.C., Dergam, J.A. & Henschel, E. (2025) A new endemic species of Psalidodon Eigenmann (Characiformes: Acestrorhamphidae) from the upper rio Doce basin, Brazil. Zootaxa, 5725 (2), 231–254. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5725.2.3