Skip to main content Skip to main navigation menu Skip to site footer
Responsive image
Issue: Vol. 6 No. 2: 23 July 2021
Type: Article
Published: 2021-11-18
DOI: 10.11646/megataxa.6.2.3
Page range: 96–184
Abstract views: 1107
PDF downloaded: 1899

Revision of Ischnopelta Stål, 1868 with the description of twenty new species (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae: Discocephalinae)

Instituto Federal de Santa Catarina, Campus Criciúma, Rodovia SC 443, 845, Criciúma, SC, Brazil, 88813-600
Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Departamento de Zoologia, Av. Bento Gonçalves 9500, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil 91501-970
Discocephala Discocephalini Heteroptera Neotropical

Abstract

Ischnopelta Stål, 1868 is a Discocephalini genus with three known species, I. scutellata (Signoret, 1851), I. oblonga (Fieber, 1851), and I. luteicornis (Walker, 1867), and distribution restricted to South America. The examination of 284 specimens from several localities in Venezuela, Brazil, Bolivia, Argentina, and Paraguay, revealed the existence of new species. Measurements of 24 morphometric parameters were taken using stereomicroscope and tpsDig2 version 2.16 from images captured with an MShot MD50 camera coupled to a Techno RZ stereomicroscope and edited in MShot DIS version 1.1. The genitalia of both sexes was dissected upon specimen availability, digested in KOH 10%, dehydrated in ethanol 70%, stained in Congo red (when needed), and preserved in liquid glycerin. Photographs were made in a Nikon AZ100M stereomicroscope, and a focus stacking procedure was done with Nikon NIS-Elements Ar Microscope Imaging Software. Drawings were produced over the images with a vectorial image processor. In this work Ischnopelta is revised, I. scutellata and I. luteicornis are redescribed, and keys to males and females of the species are proposed. We describe 20 new species: I. alalonga sp. n., I. anangulata sp. n., I. bechyneorum sp. n., I. confusa sp. n., I. coralinae sp. n., I. cordiformis sp. n., I. crassula sp. n., I. cristulata sp. n., I. cylindrata sp. n., I. guarani sp. n., I. impunctata sp. n., I. magna sp. n., I. marginella sp. n., I. montana sp. n., I. paiagua sp. n., I. parvula sp. n., I. pellucidula sp. n., I. ruckesi sp. n., I. vellozia sp. n., and I. wigodzinskyi sp. n.. We were unable to locate the syntypes of I. oblonga (Fieber, 1851) and the species is treated here as incertae sedis.

References

  1. Baker, A.D. (1931) A study of the male genitalia of Canadian species of Pentatomidae. Canadian Journal of Research, 4, 148–220.  https://doi.org/10.1139/cjr31-013

  2. Barão, K.R., Ferrari, A., Adami, C.V.K. & Grazia, J. (2016) Diversity of the external thoracic scent efferent system of Carpocorini (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) with character selection for phylogenetic inference. Zoologischer Anzeiger.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcz.2016.08.003

  3. Becker, M. (1977) A review of the genus Colpocarena Stål (Heteroptera, Pentatomidae, Discocephalinae). Revista Brasileira de Biologia, 37, 367–373.

  4. Becker, M. & Grazia, J. (1992) Revisão do gênero Discocephala Laporte (Heteroptera, Pentatomidae, Discocephalinae). Anais da Sociedade Entomológica do Brasil, 21 (2), 201–215. https://doi.org/10.37486/0301-8059.v21i2.782

  5. Becker, M. & Grazia, J. (1995) The bug genus Uncinala Ruckes, 1965 (Heteroptera, Pentatomidae, Discocephalinae). Revista Brasileira de Entomologia, 39 (3), 709–716.

  6. Berg, C. (1891) Nova Hemiptera faunarum argentinae et uruguayensis. Anales de la Sociedad Científica Argentina, 32, 231–243.

  7. Dupuis, C. (1970) Heteroptera. In: Tuxen. S.L. (Ed.), Taxonomist’s Glossary of Genitalia of Insects. Copenhagen, Munksgaard, pp. 190–208.

  8. Fieber, F.X. (1851) Rhynchotographien. Drei monograpische Abhandlungen. Actten der Königlichen Böhmischen Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften, 7 (5), 427–488.

  9. Fieber, F.X. (1860) Die europäischen. Hemiptera. Halbflüger (Rinchota Heteroptera). Nach der analytischen Methode bearbeitet. Carl Gerold’s Sohn, Wien, 444 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.47533

  10. Garbelotto, T.A. (2015) Filogenia e classificação de Discocephalini (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae: Discocephalinae) (Tese). Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Animal, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul.

  11. Garbelotto, T.A., Campos, L.A. & Grazia, J. (2013) Cladistics and revision of Alitocoris with considerations on the phylogeny of the Herrichella clade (Hemiptera, Pentatomidae, Discocephalinae, Ochlerini). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 168 (3), 452–472. https://doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12032

  12. Garbelotto, T.A., Kochenborger, A.P.L. & Campos, L.A. (2018) Revision of Lineostethus (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae: Discocephalini). Zoologia (Curitiba). 35, e21232. Epub Nov 14, 2018. https://doi.org/10.3897/zoologia.35.e21232

  13. Grazia, J., Fortes, N.D.F. & Campos, L.A. (1999) Pentatomoidea. In: Brandão, C.R. & Cancello, E.M. (Eds.), Biodiversidade do Estado de São Paulo, Brasil: síntese do conhecimento ao final do século XX – Invertebrados terrestres. FAPESP, São Paulo, v. 5, pp. 101–112.

  14. Grazia, J. & Schwertner, C.F. (2011) Checklist dos percevejos-do-mato (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Pentatomoidea) do Estado de São Paulo, Brasil. Biota Neotropica, 11 (1a), 705–716. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1676-06032011000500034

  15. Grazia, J., Panizzi, A.R., Greve, C., Schwertner, C.F., Campos, L.A., Garbelotto, T.A. & Fernandes, J.A.M. (2015) Stink Bugs (Pentatomidae). In: Panizzi, A.R. & Grazia, J. (Eds.), True Bugs (Heteroptera) of the Neotropics. Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht, pp. 681–756. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-9861-7_22

  16. Kirkaldy, G.W. (1909) Catalogue of the Hemiptera (Heteroptera).v. I: Cimicidae. Felix L. Dames, Berlin, 392 pp.

  17. Kment, P. & Vilímová, J. (2010) Thoracic scent efferent system of Pentatomoidea (Hemiptera: Heteroptera): a review of terminology. Zootaxa, 2706, 1–77. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2706.1.1

  18. Lethierry, L. & Severin, G. (1893) Catalogue Général des Hémiptères: Hétéroptères: Pentatomidae. Musée Royal d’Histoire Naturelle de Belgique, Bruxelles, I, 286 pp.

  19. Micro-Shot Tecnology Co. (2010) MShot Digital Imaging System, version 1.1.

  20. Rider, D.A., Schwertner, C.F., Vilímová, J., Rédei, D., Kment, P. & Thomas, D.B. (2018) Higher Systematics of the Pentatomoidea. In: McPherson (Ed.), Invasive stink bugs and related species (Pentatomoidea): biology, higher systematics, semiochemistry, and management. Boca Raton: Taylor & Francis, pp. 25–201. https://doi.org/10.1201/9781315371221-2

  21. Roell, T. & Campos, L.A. (2015) Candeocoris bistillatus, new genus and new species of Ochlerini from Ecuador (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Pentatomidae). Zootaxa, 4018 (4), 573–583. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4018.4.6

  22. Roell, T. & Campos, L.A. (2019) Phylogeny of Ochlerini (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae: Discocephalinae) and the evolution of the apical tarsomere in hind legs. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 185 (4), 1137–1149. https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zly073

  23. Rohlf, F.J. (2010) tpsDig, version 2.16. Department of Ecology and Evolution, State University of New York at Stony Brook: New York. Available from: http://life.bio.sunysb.edu/morph/ (accessed 30 November 2013)

  24. Rolston, L.H. (1981) Ochlerini, a new tribe in Discocephalinae (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae). Journal of the New York Entomological Society, 89, 40–42.

  25. Rolston, L.H. (1990) Key and diagnoses for the genera of ‘broaheaded’ discocephalines (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae). Journal of the New York Entomological Society, 98, 14–31

  26. Rolston, L.H. & McDonald, F.J.D. (1979) Keys and diagnoses for the families of Western Hemisphere Pentatomoidea, subfamilies of Pentatomidae and tribes of Pentatominae (Hemiptera). Journal of the New York Entomological Society, 87 (3), 189–207.

  27. Rosso, P. & Campos, L.A. (2017a) Nigrisagitta distichus, a new genus and species of Discocephalini from Venezuela (Hemiptera, Pentatomidae, Discocephalinae). Zootaxa, 4303 (3), 427–536. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4303.3.8

  28. Rosso, P. & Campos, L.A. (2017b) Erratum. Nigrisagitta distichus, a new genus and of Discocephalini from Venezuela (Hemiptera, Pentatomidae, Discocephalinae) Zootaxa, 4303 (4), 427–436. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4323.4.13

  29. Ruckes, H. (1966) An analysis and a breakdown of the genus Platycarenus Fieber (Heteroptera, Pentatomidae, Discocephalinae). American Museum Novitates, 2255, 1–42.

  30. Schuh, R.T. & Slater, J.A. (1995) True bugs of the world (Hemiptera: Heteroptera): classification and natural history. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, 336 pp.

  31. Signoret, M.V. (1851) Description de Nouvelles Espèces d’Hémiptères. Annales de la Société Entomologique de France, 9 (2), 329–348.

  32. Stål, C. (1868) Hemiptera Fabriciana. Fabricianska Hemipterarter, efter de i Köpenhamn och Kiel förvarade typexemplaren granskade och beskrifne. Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps Academiens Nya Handlingar, 7 (11, 1), 1–148.

  33. Stål, C. (1872) Enumeratio hemipterorum: bidrag till en förteckning öfver alla hittills kända hemiptera, jemte systematiska meddelanden. Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps Academiens Nya Handlingar, 10 (4, 2), 1–159.  https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.12549

  34. Walker, F. (1867) Catalogue of the specimens of Heteropterous Hemiptera in the collection of the British Museum. British Museum, London, I, 240 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.118688

  35. Zhou, Y. & Rédei, D. (2020) From lanceolate to plate-like: Gross morphology, terminology, and evolutionary trends of the trichophoran ovipositor. Arthropod Structure & Development, 54, 1–29. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2020.100914