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Issue: Vol. 20 No. 1: 16 Jun. 2026
Type: Monograph
Published: 2026-06-16
DOI: 10.11646/megataxa.20.1.1
Page range: 1-292
Abstract views: 478
PDF downloaded: 201

Scraping the surface of a hyperdiverse group—new genera and species of Ecuadorian Pselaphinae (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae), with an emphasis on the cloud forest fauna

Department of Plant & Environmental Sciences; Clemson University; Clemson; SC 29634; USA; Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad; Quito; Ecuador
Coleoptera leaf litter tropical biodiversity endemicity cloud forest beetles

Abstract

Based on existing collections and new field collections, 339 new species and 18 new genera of Pselaphinae are described from Ecuador. The majority of these taxa originate from cloud forest sites in Pichincha, Tungurahua, Carchi, Cotopaxi, and Napo Provinces. A smaller proportion are from coastal forests (Guayas, Manabí, Santa Elena, and Esmeraldas Provinces), as well as Amazonian lowlands (Sucumbíos, Orellana, Pastaza, and Napo Provinces) and Páramo sites at high elevations (Carchí, Pichincha, Imbabura, Cotopaxi, Chimborazo, Cañar, and Azuay Provinces). Most species are known from single sites, with only a small number spanning multiple sites, suggesting a highly diverse fauna characterized by high local endemicity. The following 339 species are described as spp. nov.: Batrisini: 41 species of Arthmius LeConte (A. orientalis, A. cruciatus, A. rikchak, A. imitator, A. recaldeorum, A. menguali, A. calcaratus, A. awki, A. festivus, A. galeatus, A. penicillus, A. politus, A. smithae, A. atillo, A. igneus, A. aculeus, A. turgidus, A. canandensis, A. villamarini, A. mindoensis, A. tungurahua, A. pachamama, A. francoi, A. minor, A. dolens, A. condor, A. montanus, A. papyrus, A. cuyabeno, A. orbis, A. aries, A. anzus, A. sumak, A. pazminoi, A. rex, A. intricatus, A. insectus, A. tigrillo, A. discors, A. cervoides, A. amazonus), Iteticus oculatus, two species of Oxarthrius Reitter (O. formicatus, O. tiputinus), five species of Syrbatus Reitter (S. cununero, S. chelatus, S. spicatus, S. triceratops, S. yarinae), Syrmocerus swingi; Clavigerini: four species of Fustiger LeConte (F. bucina, F. canistrum, F. chuku, F. tullu); Bythinoplectini: ten species of Besucheteidos Comellini (B. alternans, B. sofiae, B. ecominga, B. egens, B. perpolita, B. kapya, B. otonga, B. shina, B. simbanai, B. dilatata), five species of Hendecameros Comellini (H. cabezon, H. ceiba, H. grandis, H. tenuis, H. tumes); Dimerini: seven species of Barroeuplectoides Park (B. cujigualpai, B. donaritae, B. dracula, B. micros, B. obliquus, B. pululahuae, B. pyramicus), two species of Tuberoplectus Park (T. conjugator, T. licens); Euplectini: Euplectamecia suffusa; Jubini: six species of Arctophysis (A. lanigera, A. marginata, A. nebulosa, A. orellanae, A. rara, A. sumaco), three species of Barrojuba Park (B. penicillata, B. solea, B. tetricum), three species of Endytocera Sharp (E. conjectrix, E. rostrata, E. serrata), 72 species of Jubus Schaufuss (J. placero, J. basantesi, J. pichinchae, J. fuscus, J. mashi, J. pinzai, J. intrepidus, J. paku, J. indiscretus, J. pusillus, J. cribratus, J. digitatus, J. tishechkini, J. dentiventer, J. acuminatus, J. pseudacuminatus, J. telus, J. katsu, J. perplexus, J. effertus, J. pectineus, J. effeminatus, J. gyrus, J. excavatus, J. diazi, J. mutabilis, J. cavus, J. piscator, J. stipulatus, J. reptans, J. tetrad, J. clavus, J. vortex, J. cochleatus, J. arquus, J. sextus, J. parallelus, J. kiru, J. triticius, J. humboldti, J. monilicornis, J. triangularis, J. marissae, J. amplexus, J. sulcatus, J. culebrillas, J. cusicayo, J. ataorupagui, J. chongon, J. depressus, J. lunaris, J. limaorum, J. pendulus, J. tibiodentatus, J. spiralis, J. iactus, J. fraternus, J. denticulatus, J. risus, J. vulgus, J. pradoi, J. specus, J. kutsi, J. ruku, J. superbus, J. sebagoides, J. lyriformis, J. compactus, J. vipereus, J. cinctus, J. tamizado, J. tumidus), four species of Phamisus Aubé (P. angelicus, P. beatus, P. cataracta, P. hatunpaku), 19 species of Sebaga Raffray (S. colunca, S. sapan, S. nocturna, S. agilis, S. bifoveata, S. scurra, S. calcis, S. ampla, S. prodigiosa, S. pulga, S. alpina, S. cirrata, S. simia, S. karu, S. rumipamba, S. laxa, S. ukupacha, S. diffusa, S. renata); Metopiasini: Rhinoscepsis diabolicus; Trichonychini: Biblomelba umbracula, five species of Chakanamecia gen. nov. (C. daga [the type species], C. micra, C. mora, C. panoptes, C. pichan), Thesiastes stellata, three species of Thesium Casey (T. apicale, T. crenulatum, T. magnaclavus), three species of Verabarolus Park (V. obcasus, V. puyu, V. scabrifrons), Cupiloides joniceus gen. and sp. nov., two species of Dalmosanus Park (D. carinatus, D. myops), Melba tabugae, three species of Pachamelba gen. nov. (P. otongachi, P. subtilis, P. yanayacu [type species]), Trimiopsis peragena, Meandrophilus petrus gen. and sp. nov., Placamecia virgenensis gen. and sp. nov.; Trogastrini: three species of Rhexius LeConte (R. acutigens, R. collaris, R. micros), nine species of Eurhexius Sharp (E. profundus, E. pilosus, E. cavipygus, E. dentipes, E. mirapygus, E. sol, E. excavatus, E. unguifer, E. napoensis), five species of Kapyatrog gen. nov. (K. chevere [type species], K. hirsutus, K. mayu, K. pichi, K. saladero), five species of Rhexinia LeConte (R. laloloori, R. seca, R. purun, R. asperata, R. spinipes), six species of Xerhius Raffray (X. blanco, X. confundens, X. crucifer, X. flordelis, X. multidentatus, X. undulatus), two species of Allparhexius gen. nov. (A. barbatus [type species], A. cuspidatus), two species of Mukirhexius gen. nov. (M. furtivus, M. microps [type species]), seven species of Tinkuna gen. nov. (T. andina, T. borea, T. geniculata, T. gracilis [type species], T. inquisitor, T. jarrini, T. josti); Euplectitae, incertae sedis: Formivagus bullatus gen. and sp. nov., Kunkashka sumaco gen. and sp. nov.; Brachyglutini: 19 species of Euphalepsus Reitter (E. arguelloi, E. globosus, E. tactus, E. disobediens, E. foedus, E. gemellus, E. inclani, E. lopezi, E. obediens, E. sinchi, E. supercilius, E. syrbatoides, E. tuberculigens, E. vibrissus, E. abrazero, E. bidens, E. gigas, E. illuminatus, E. yunkaruna), four species of Nanocephalus gen. nov. (N. chinchin [type species], N. macrops, N. tenuis, N. timens), 15 species of Globa Raffray (G. angulipes, G. armada, G. ascia, G. dientita, G. falx, G. herniata, G. inflexa, G. mola, G. nauta, G. orbifer, G. pantex, G. pernix, G. pustulifer, G. vex, G. wira), two species of Muyu gen. nov. (M. huambulae [type species], M. merae), three species of Pelota gen. nov. (P. astada [type species], P. monocera, P. riparia), five species of Reichenbachia Jeannel (R. anka, R. anxia, R. cosangae, R. garciae, R. atricornis), two species of Scalenarthrus LeConte (S. calix, S. umina), Decarthron varita, three species of Eupsenius LeConte (E. crassus, E. deflexus, E. quil), Eupsenina guayasensis, five species of Tumbaga gen. nov. (T. chiruisla, T. esmeralda, T. guandera, T. montana [type species], T. ukumari); Iniocyphini: Batriphysis constrictus, Batrisobryaxis bipox, Dalmoburis amator, Dalmonexus bellator, two species of Trimicerus Motschulsky (T. fenestratus, T. horarius); Proterini: three species of Harmomima Raffray (H. glabra, H. prominens, H. sulcata), two species of Nunkui gen. nov. (N. lineata [type species], N. parallela); Goniaceritae, incertae sedis: four species of Ayapuna gen. nov. (A. advector, A. goaltalensis, A. sculptilis, A. tunda [type species]), two species of Zhapra gen. nov. (Z. candelaria, Z. maldonadae [type species]); Tyrini: Cercoceropsis pacifica, Circocerus kuru, six species of Hamotus Aubé (H. asymmetricus, H. auritus, H. cactus, H. horrens, H. obliquus, H. manabensis), and three species of Ephimia Reitter (E. arcifer, E. confusa, E. hanak).

Basándonos en colecciones existentes y nuevas recolectas de campo, se describen 339 nuevas especies y 18 nuevos géneros de Pselaphinae de Ecuador. La mayoría de estos taxones provienen de bosques nubosos en las provincias de Pichincha, Tungurahua, Carchi, Cotopaxi y Napo. Una menor proporción proviene de bosques costeros (provincias de Guayas, Manabí, Santa Elena y Esmeraldas), así como de las tierras bajas amazónicas (provincias de Sucumbíos, Orellana, Pastaza y Napo) y de páramos de alta montaña (provincias de Carchi, Pichincha, Imbabura, Cotopaxi, Chimborazo, Cañar y Azuay). La mayoría de las especies se conocen de un solo sitio, y solo un pequeño número se encuentra en múltiples sitios, lo que sugiere una fauna altamente diversa caracterizada por una alta endemicidad local. Las siguientes 339 especies se describen como spp. nov.: Batrisini: 41 especies de Arthmius LeConte (A. orientalis, A. cruciatus, A. rikchak, A. imitator, A. recaldeorum, A. menguali, A. calcaratus, A. awki, A. festivus, A. galeatus, A. penicillus, A. politus, A. smithae, A. atillo, A. igneus, A. aculeus, A. turgidus, A. canandensis, A. villamarini, A. mindoensis, A. tungurahua, A. pachamama, A. francoi, A. minor, A. dolens, A. condor, A. montanus, A. papyrus, A. cuyabeno, A. orbis, A. aries, A. anzus, A. sumak, A. pazminoi, A. rex, A. intricatus, A. insectus, A. tigrillo, A. discors, A. cervoides, A. amazonus), Iteticus oculatus, dos especies de Oxarthrius Reitter (O. formicatus, O. tiputinus), cinco especies de Syrbatus Reitter (S. cununero, S. chelatus, S. spicatus, S. triceratops, S. yarinae), Syrmocerus swingi; Clavigerini: cuatro especies de Fustiger LeConte (F. bucina, F. canistrum, F. chuku, F. tullu); Bythinoplectini: diez especies de Besucheteidos Comellini (B. alternans, B. sofiae, B. ecominga, B. egens, B. perpolita, B. kapya, B. otonga, B. shina, B. simbanai, B. dilatata), cinco especies de Hendecameros Comellini (H. cabezon, H. ceiba, H. grandis, H. tenuis, H. tumes); Dimerini: siete especies de Barroeuplectoides Park (B. cujigualpai, B. donaritae, B. dracula, B. micros, B. obliquus, B. pululahuae, B. pyramicus), dos especies de Tuberoplectus Park (T. conjugator, T. licens); Euplectini: Euplectamecia suffusa; Jubini: seis especies de Arctophysis (A. lanigera, A. marginata, A. nebulosa, A. orellanae, A. rara, A. sumaco), tres especies de Barrojuba Park (B. penicillata, B. solea, B. tetricum), tres especies de Endytocera Sharp (E. conjectrix, E. rostrata, E. serrata), 72 especies de Jubus Schaufuss (J. placero, J. basantesi, J. pichinchae, J. fuscus, J. mashi, J. pinzai, J. intrepidus, J. paku, J. indiscretus, J. pusillus, J. cribratus, J. digitatus, J. tishechkini, J. dentiventer, J. acuminatus, J. pseudacuminatus, J. telus, J. katsu, J. perplexus, J. effertus, J. pectineus, J. effeminatus, J. gyrus, J. excavatus, J. diazi, J. mutabilis, J. cavus, J. piscator, J. stipulatus, J. reptans, J. tetrad, J. clavus, J. vortex, J. cochleatus, J. arquus, J. sextus, J. parallelus, J. kiru, J. triticius, J. humboldti, J. monilicornis, J. triangularis, J. marissae, J. amplexus, J. sulcatus, J. culebrillas, J. cusicayo, J. ataorupagui, J. chongon, J. depressus, J. lunaris, J. limaorum, J. pendulus, J. tibiodentatus, J. spiralis, J. iactus, J. fraternus, J. denticulatus, J. risus, J. vulgus, J. pradoi, J. specus, J. kutsi, J. ruku, J. superbus, J. sebagoides, J. lyriformis, J. compactus, J. vipereus, J. cinctus, J. tamizado, J. tumidus), cuatro especies de Phamisus Aubé (P. angelicus, P. beatus, P. cataracta, P. hatunpaku), 19 especies de Sebaga Raffray (S. colunca, S. sapan, S. nocturna, S. agilis, S. bifoveata, S. scurra, S. calcis, S. ampla, S. prodigiosa, S. pulga, S. alpina, S. cirrata, S. simia, S. karu, S. rumipamba, S. laxa, S. ukupacha, S. diffusa, S. renata); Metopiasini: Rhinoscepsis diabolicus; Trichonychini: Biblomelba umbracula, cinco especies de Chakanamecia gen. nov. (C. daga [especie tipo], C. micra, C. mora, C. panoptes, C. pichan), Thesiastes stellata, tres especies de Thesium Casey (T. apicale, T. crenulatum, T. magnaclavus), tres especies de Verabarolus Park (V. obcasus, V. puyu, V. scabrifrons), Cupiloides joniceus gen. y sp. nov., dos especies de Dalmosanus Park (D. carinatus, D. myops), Melba tabugae, tres especies de Pachamelba gen. nov. (P. otongachi, P. subtilis, P. yanayacu [especie tipo]), Trimiopsis peragena, Meandrophilus petrus gen. y sp. nov., Placamecia virgenensis gen. y sp. nov.; Trogastrini: tres especies de Rhexius LeConte (R. acutigens, R. collaris, R. micros), nueve especies de Eurhexius Sharp (E. profundus, E. pilosus, E. cavipygus, E. dentipes, E. mirapygus, E. sol, E. excavatus, E. unguifer, E. napoensis), cinco especies de Kapyatrog gen. nov. (K. chevere [especie tipo], K. hirsutus, K. mayu, K. pichi, K. saladero), cinco especies de Rhexinia LeConte (R. laloloori, R. seca, R. purun, R. asperata, R. spinipes), seis especies de Xerhius Raffray (X. blanco, X. confundens, X. crucifer, X. flordelis, X. multidentatus, X. undulatus), dos especies de Allparhexius gen. nov. (A. barbatus [especie tipo], A. cuspidatus), dos especies de Mukirhexius gen. nov. (M. furtivus, M. microps [especie tipo]), siete especies de Tinkuna gen. nov. (T. andina, T. borea, T. geniculata, T. gracilis [especie tipo], T. inquisitor, T. jarrini, T. josti); Euplectitae, incertae sedis: Formivagus bullatus gen. y sp. nov., Kunkashka sumaco gen. y sp. nov.; Brachyglutini: 19 especies de Euphalepsus Reitter (E. arguelloi, E. globosus, E. tactus, E. disobediens, E. foedus, E. gemellus, E. inclani, E. lopezi, E. obediens, E. sinchi, E. supercilius, E. syrbatoides, E. tuberculigens, E. vibrissus, E. abrazero, E. bidens, E. gigas, E. illuminatus, E. yunkaruna), cuatro especies de Nanocephalus gen. nov. (N. chinchin [especie tipo], N. macrops, N. tenuis, N. timens), 15 especies de Globa Raffray (G. angulipes, G. armada, G. ascia, G. dientita, G. falx, G. herniata, G. inflexa, G. mola, G. nauta, G. orbifer, G. pantex, G. pernix, G. pustulifer, G. vex, G. wira), dos especies de Muyu gen. nov. (M. huambulae [especie tipo], M. merae), tres especies de Pelota gen. nov. (P. astada [especie tipo], P. monocera, P. riparia), cinco especies de Reichenbachia Jeannel (R. anka, R. anxia, R. cosangae, R. garciae, R. atricornis), dos especies de Scalenarthrus LeConte (S. calix, S. umina), Decarthron varita, tres especies de Eupsenius LeConte (E. crassus, E. deflexus, E. quil), Eupsenina guayasensis, cinco especies de Tumbaga gen. nov. (T. chiruisla, T. esmeralda, T. guandera, T. montana [especie tipo], T. ukumari); Iniocyphini: Batriphysis constrictus, Batrisobryaxis bipox, Dalmoburis amator, Dalmonexus bellator, dos especies de Trimicerus Motschulsky (T. fenestratus, T. horarius); Proterini: tres especies de Harmomima Raffray (H. glabra, H. prominens, H. sulcata), dos especies de Nunkui gen. nov. (N. lineata [especie tipo], N. parallela); Goniaceritae, incertae sedis: cuatro especies de Ayapuna gen. nov. (A. advector, A. goaltalensis, A. sculptilis, A. tunda [especie tipo]), dos especies de Zhapra gen. nov. (Z. candelaria, Z. maldonadae [especie tipo]); Tyrini: Cercoceropsis pacifica, Circocerus kuru, seis especies de Hamotus Aubé (H. asymmetricus, H. auritus, H. cactus, H. horrens, H. obliquus, H. manabensis), y tres especies de Ephimia Reitter (E. arcifer, E. confusa, E. hanak).

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