Abstract
A new species of Rhagionidae, Symphoromyia odileae, is described from the Middle Eocene Baltic amber. Chrysopilus meunieri Kerr, 2010, also from the Baltic amber, is redescribed on the basis of a new specimen, and its attribution to the genus Chrysopilus is confirmed. This specimen of Chrysopilus can be considered as the first accurate fossil representative of this genus. Although Symphoromyia odileae sp. nov. shows the diagnostic characters of the genus, it has also a series of hind tibia macrosetae, unlike in the other representatives of the genus. Chrysopilus meunieri Kerr, 2010 differs from the extant species in the cell cua being open.
References
- Bezzi, M. (1903) Katalog der Paläarktischen Dipteren. Budapest, 396 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.9240
- Cockerell, T.D.A. (1911) Fossil insects from Florissant, Colorado. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 30, 71–82.
- Evenhuis, N.L. (1994) Catalogue of the fossil flies of the World (Insecta: Diptera). Backhuys Publishers, Leiden, 600 pp.
- Frauenfeld, G.R., von (1867) Zoologische Miscellen. Verhandlungen der Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien, 17, 425–502.
- Frey, R. (1954) Studien über ostasiatische Dipteren III. Rhachiceridae, Rhagionidae, Hilarimorphidae. Notulae Entomologicae, 34, 1–25.
- Hennig, W. (1967) Die sogenannten ‘niederen Brachycera’ im Baltischen Bernstein (Diptera: Xylophagidae, Xylomyidae, Rhagionidae, Tabanidae). Stuttgarter Beiträge zur Naturkunde, 174, 1–51.
- Hardy, D.E. (1949) The North American Chrysopilus (Rhagionidae Diptera). American Midland Naturalist, 41, 143–167. https://doi.org/10.2307/2422022
- Kerr, P.H. (2010) Phylogeny and classification of Rhagionidae, with implications for Tabanomorpha (Diptera: Brachycera). Zootaxa, 2592 (1), 1–133. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2592.1.1
- Kerr, P.H. & Sinclair, B.J. (2017) Chapter 37. Rhagionidae (snipe flies. In: Kirk-Spriggs, A.H. & Sinclair, B.J. (Eds), Manual of Afrotropical Diptera, Volume 2. Nematocerous Diptera and lower Brachycera. Suricata, 5, 877–883.
- Latreille, P.A. (1810) Considérations générales sur l’ordre naturel des animaux composant les classes des crustacés, des arachnides, et des insectes; avec un tableau méthodique de leurs genres, disposés en familles. F. Schoell, Paris, 444 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.39620
- Macquart, J. (1826) Insectes Diptéres du nord de la France. Asiliques, Bombyliers, Xylotomes, Leptides, Vésiculeux, Stratiomydes, Xylophagites, Tabaniens. L. Danel, Lille, 324–499. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.148911
- Meunier, F. (1892) Note sur les Leptidae de l’ambre. Bulletin de la Société Entomologique de France, 1892, lxxxiii.
- Meunier, F. (1910) Monographie der Leptiden und der Phoriden des Bernsteins. Jahrbuch der Koniglichen Preussischen Geologische Landesanstalt, 28, 64–90.
- Nagatomi, A. (1978) The Japanese Chrysopilus (Diptera, Rhagionidae) (3). Kontyû, 46, 445–454.
- Nel, A., Perreau, Z. & Doitteau, G. (2016) The oldest representative of the modern snipe fly genus Symphoromyia (Diptera: Rhagionidae). Zootaxa, 4196 (1), 144–150. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4196.1.9
- Ngô-Muller, V. & Nel, A. (2020) A new Symphoromyia in the Middle Eocene Baltic amber (Diptera: Rhagionidae). Zootaxa, 4820 (2), 373–378.
- https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4820.2.10
- Paramonov, S.J. (1936.) Zur Entomofauna der Bernsteins. Zbirnik Prats Zoologichnogo Muzeyu Ukrain’ska Akademya Nauk, Kyiv, 18, 53–64.
- Romiti, F., De Liberato, C., Magliano, A., Ermenegildi, Del Lesto, A.I. & Beuk, P. (2021) First report of Symphoromyia immaculata (Diptera: Rhagionidae) from Italy, with the description of its attack and blood-feeding behavior on human hosts. Journal of Entomological and Acarological Research, 53 (9315), 1–4. https://doi.org/10.4081/jear.2021.9315
- Santos, C.M.D. & Amorim, D. de Souza (2007) Chrysopilus (Diptera: Rhagionidae) from Brazil: redescription of Chrysopilus fascipennis Bromley and description of eleven new species. Zootaxa, 1510 (1), 1–33. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1510.1.1
- Stuckenberg, B.R. (1965) The Rhagionidae of Madagascar (Diptera). Annals of the Natal Museum, 18, 89–170.
- Stuckenberg, B.R. (1974) A new genus and two new species of Athericidae (Diptera) in Baltic amber. Annals of the Natal Museum, 22, 275–288.
- Stuckenberg, B.R. (1997) The genus Chrysopilus Macquart in the Afrotropics: faunal characteristics, a review of the South African species, and descriptions of two new species (Diptera: Rhagionidae). Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Washington, 18, 234–242.
- Théobald, N. (1937) Les insectes fossiles des terrains oligocènes de France. Bulletin Mensuel (Mémoires) de la Société des Sciences de Nancy, 1, 1–473.
- Turner, W.J. (1974) A revision of the genus Symphoromyia Frauenfeld (Diptera: Rhagionidae). I. Introduction, subgenera and species-groups, review of biology. The Canadian Entomologist, 106, 851–868. https://doi.org/10.4039/Ent106851-8
- Yang, D. & Yang, C. (1991) Four new species of Chrysopilus from China (Diptera: Rhagionidae). Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Pekinensis, 17, 92–96. [In Chinese]