Abstract
A new species of bufonid frog, Rhinella bernardoi sp. nov., belonging to the granulosa group, is described from moderately high elevation (1400 m) at Ischigualasto Provincial Park, San Juan, Argentina. The morphology of the new species is compared to and diagnosed from other closely related species of the same group (R. bergi, R. fernandezae, and R. granulosa). We also describe the osteology of the skull and the vertebral column of the new species and present data on its geographic distribution and natural history.References
Cabrera, A. L. (1994) Enciclopedia Argentina de Agricultura y Jardinería, Tomo II, Regiones Fitogeográficas Argentinas. Editorial ACME S.A.C.I., Buenos Aires, Argentina, 115 pp.
Cei, J. M. (1968) Remarks on the geographical distribution and phyletic trends of South American toads. Texas Memorial Museum Publications, Pearce-Sellards Series, 13, 3–20.
Cei, J. M. (1972) Bufo of South America. In: Blair, W. F. (Ed.), Evolution in the genus Bufo. University of Texas Press, Austin, Texas, pp. 82–91.
Cei, J. M. (1980) Amphibians of Argentina. Monitore Zoologico Italiano (NS). Monografie II, 501 pp.
Cei, J. M. (1987) Additional notes to Amphibians of Argentina: an update, 1980-1986. Monitore Zoologico Italiano (NS), 21, 209–272.
Chaparro, J. C., Pramuk, J. B. & Gluesenkamp, A. G. (2007) A new species of arboreal Rhinella (Anura: Bufonidae) from cloud forest of southeastern Peru. Herpetologica, 63, 203–212.
Frost, D. R., Grant, T., Faivovich, J., Bain, R. H., Haas, A., Haddad, C. F. B., de Sá, R. O., Channing, A., Wilkinson, M., Donnellan, S. C., Raxworthy, C. J., Campbell, J. A., Blotto, B. L., Moler, P., Drewes, R. C., Nussbaum, R. A., Lynch, J. D., Green, D. M. & Wheeler, W. C. (2006) The amphibian tree of life. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 297, 1–370.
Frost, D. R. (2009) Amphibian species of the world: an online reference. Version 5.3 (12 February 2009). American Museum of Natural History, New York, USA. Available from: http://research.amnh.org/herpetology/amphibia/. (Accessed 6 Dicember 2009)
Gallardo, J. M. (1965) The species Bufo granulosus Spix (Salientia: Bufonidae) and its geographic variation. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, 134, 107–138.
Gallardo, J. M. (1969) La distribución de las subespecies de Bufo granulosus Spix: su fidelidad a los sistemas hidrográficos Sudamericanos. Ciencia e Investigación, 25, 406–416.
Gallardo, J. M. (1972) Anfibios de la provincia de Buenos Aires; observaciones sobre su ecología y zoogeografía. Ciencia e Investigación, 28, 3–14.
Gallardo, J. M. (1986) Anfibios Argentinos, Guía para su Identificación. Biblioteca Mosaico, Buenos Aires, 98 pp.
Langone, J. A. (1999) Anfibios de Aguas Corrientes, Departamento de Canelones, Uruguay (Amphibia). Museo Nacional de Historia Natural, Publicación extra, 48, 1–16.
Lavilla, E. O. & Cei, J. M. (2001) Amphibians of Argentina, a Second Update, 1987-2000. Monitore Zoologico Italiano (NS) Monografie, Italia, 28, 177 pp.
Lehr, E., Pramuk, J. B. & Lundbreg, M. (2005) A new species of Bufo (Anura: Bufonidae) from Andean Peru. Herpetologica, 61, 308–318.
Márquez, J., Carretero, E., Dalmasso, A., Pastrán, G. & Ortiz, G. (2005) Las Áreas Protegidas de la Provincia de San Juan (Argentina) II. La Vegetación del Parque Provincial Ischigualasto. Multequina, 14, 1–27.
Narváez, P. (2003) Revisão taxonômica das espécies de Bufo do complexo granulosus (Amphibia, Anura, Bufonidae). Tese doutorado, Instituto de Biociência da Universidade de São Paulo, 305 pp.
Pramuk, J. B. (2000) Prenasal bones and snout morphology in West Indian bufonids and the Bufo granulosus species group. Journal of Herpetology, 34, 334–340.
Pramuk, J. B. (2002) Combined evidence and cladistic relationships of West Indian toads (Anura: Bufonidae). Herpetological Monographs, 16, 121–151.
Pramuk, J. B. (2006) Phylogeny of South American Bufo (Anura: Bufonidae) inferred from combined evidence. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 146, 407–452.
Sanabria, E. A. & Quiroga, L. B. (2009) Actualización de la herpetofauna del Parque Provincial Ischigualasto: comentarios sobre su distribución. Cuadernos de Herpetología, 22, 55–59.
Yanosky, A. A., Mercolli, C. & Dixon, J. A. (1997) Field ecology of the pygmy toad Bufo pygmaeus (Anura: Bufonidae), in northeastern Argentina with notes on sympatric sibling species of the granulosus group. Bulletin of Maryland Herpetological Society, 33, 66–77.
Wassersug, R. J. (1976) A procedure for differential staining of cartilage and bone in whole formalin fixed vertebrates. Stain Technology, 51, 131–134.