Abstract
We describe a new species of Stenocercus from the montane forest of the right margin of the Marañón river in the northern portion of the Central Andes in northern Peru (Amazonas and La Libertad departments), at elevations ranging from 2300 to 3035 m. Stenocercus omari sp. nov. differs from other Stenocercus species, with the exception of S. amydrorhytus, S. chrysopygus, S. cupreus, S. johaberfellneri, S. latebrosus, S. melanopygus, S. modestus, S. ornatissimus, S. orientalis, and S. stigmosus, by having granular scales on the posterior surfaces of thighs, a conspicuous antehumeral fold and by lacking a vertebral crest. However, Stenocercus omari sp. nov. is easily distinguished from the aforementioned species, except S. orientalis, by the presence of prominently keeled dorsal head scales. The new species differs from S. orientalis by lacking a prominent oblique neck fold and by having a distinct deep postfemoral mite pocket.
References
Brack, A. (1986) Las Ecoregiones del Perú. Boletín de Lima, 44, 57–70.
Brack, A. & Mendiola, C. (2004) Ecología del Perú. PNUD. Asociación Editorial Bruño. Lima, Perú, 495 pp.
Cadle, J.E. (1991) Systematics of lizards of the genus Stenocercus (Iguania: Tropiduridae) from northern Peru: new species and comments on relationships and distribution patterns. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 143, 1–96.
Campbell, J.A. & Lamar, W.W. (2004) The Venomous Reptiles of the Western Hemisphere. Volume 1. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, NY, 976 pp.
de Queiroz, K. (1998) The general lineage concept of species, species criteria, and the process of speciation. In: Howard, D.J. & Berlorcher, S.H. (Eds.), Endless Forms: Species and speciation. Oxford University Press, Oxford, pp. 57–75.
de Queiroz, K. (2007) Species concept and species delimitation. Systematic Biology, 56, 879–886.
Dixon, J.R. & Huey, R.B. (1970) Systematics of the lizards of the gekkonid genus Phyllodactylus of mainland South America. Los Angeles County Museum Contributions in Science, 192, 1–78.
Duellman, W.E. (2004) Frogs of the genus Colostethus (Anura: Dendrobatidae) in the Andes of northern Peru. Scientific Papers of the Natural History Museum, University of Kansas, 35, 1–49.
http://dx.doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.8467
Duellman, W.E. & Pramuk, J.B. (1999) Frogs of the genus Eleutherodactylus (Anura: Leptodactylidae) in the Andes of northern Peru. Scientific Papers of the Natural History Museum, University of Kansas, 1, 1–78.
http://dx.doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.16169
Fritts, T.H. (1972) New species of lizards of the genus Stenocercus from Peru (Sauria: Iguanidae). Occasional Papers of the Museum of Natural History, The University of Kansas, Lawrence Kansas, 10, 1–21.
Gentry, A.H. (1992) Diversity and floristic composition of Andean forests of Peru and adjacent countries: implications for their conservation. In: Young, K.R. & Valencia, N. (Eds.). Biogeografía, ecología y conservación del bosque montano en el Peru. Memorias del Museoo de Historia Natural, UNMSM 21, pp. 11–29.
Koch, C., Venegas, P.J. & Böhme, W. (2006) A remarkable discovery: Description of a big-growing new gecko (Squamata: Gekkonidae: Phyllopezus) from northwestern Peru. Salamandra, 42 (2/3), 145–150.
Koch, C., Venegas, P.J. & Böhme, W. (2015) Three new endemic species of Epictia Gray, 1845 (Serpentes: Leptotyphlopidae) from the dry forest of northwestern Peru. Zootaxa, 3964 (2), 228–244.
http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3964.2.4
Koch, C., Venegas, P.J., Garcia-Bravo, A. & Böhme, W. (2011) A new bush anole (Iguanidae: Polychrotinae: Polychrus) from the upper Marañón basin, Peru, with a redescription of Polychrus peruvianus (Noble, 1924) and additional information on P. gutturosus Berthold, 1845. Zookeys, 141, 79–107.
http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.141.1678.
Koch, C., Venegas, P.J., Rödder, D., Flecks, M. & Böhme, W. (2013) Two new endemic species of Ameiva (Squamata: Teiidae) from the dry forest of northwestern Peru and additional information on Ameiva concolor Ruthven, 1924. Zootaxa, 3745 (2), 263–295.
http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3745.2.6
Köhler, G. & Lehr, E. (2015) Two new species of lizards of the genus Stenocercus (Iguania, Tropiduridae) from central Peru. Zootaxa, 3956 (3), 413–427.
http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3956.3.6
Lehr, E. (2002) Amphibien und Reptilien in Peru. Natur- und Tier-Verlag, Münster, 208 pp.
Mittermeier, R.A., Robles, G.P. & Mittermeier, C.G. (1997) Megadiversity: Earth’s biologically richest nations. CEMEX, Mexico City.
Olson, D.M., Dinerstein, E., Wikramanayake, E.D., Burgess, N.D., Powel,l G.V.N., Underwood, E.C., D’amico, J.A., It-oua, I., Strand, H.E., Morrison, J.C., Loucks, C.J., Allnutt, T.F., Ricketts, T.H., Kura, Y., Lamoreux, J.F., Wettengel, W.W., Hedao, P. & Kassem, K.R. (2001) Terrestrial Ecoregions of the World: A New Map of Life on Earth. BioScience, 51, (11), 933–938.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1641/0006-3568(2001)051[0933:TEOTWA]2.0.C
Pelegrin, N. & Bucher, E.H. (2010) Stenocercus doellojuradoi (NCN). Clutch size. Herpetological Review, 41, 86–87.
Peñaherrera del Aguila, C. (1989) Atlas del Perú. Lima, 400 pp.
Torres-Carvajal, O. (2000) Ecuadorian lizards of the genus Stenocercus (Squamata: Tropiduridae). Scientific Papers University of Kansas Museum of Natural History, 15, 1–38.
http://dx.doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.16286
Torres-Carvajal, O. (2004a) The abdominal skeleton of tropidurid lizards (Squamata: Tropiduridae). Herpetologica, 60, 75–83.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1655/03-15
Torres-Carvajal, O. (2004b) Stenocercus azureus (NCN). Reproduction. Herpetological Review, 35 (2), 172–172.
Torres-Carvajal, O. (2007a) A taxonomic revision of South American Stenocercus (Squamata: Iguania) lizards. Herpetological Monographs, 21, 76–178.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1655/06-001.1Torres-Carvajal, O. (2007b) Phylogeny and biogeography of a large radiation of Andean lizards (Iguania, Stenocercus). Zoologica Scripta, 36, 311–326.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1463-6409.2006.00284.xTorres-Carvajal, O., Schulte II J.A. & Cadle J.E. (2006) Phylogenetic relationships of South American lizards of the genus Stenocercus (Squamata: Iguania): a new approach using a general mixture model for gene sequence data. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 39, 171–185.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2005.09.007
Uetz, P. & Hošek, J. (2016) The Reptile Database. Available from: http://www.reptile-database.org (accesed10 May 2016)
Venegas, P. J., Townsend, J.H., Koch, C. & Böhme, W. (2008) Two new sympatric species of leaf-toed geckos (Gekkonidae: Phyllodactylus) from the Balsas region of the upper Marañón Valley, Peru. Journal of Herpetology, 42 (2), 386–396.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1670/07-1341.1
Venegas, P.J., Duran, V. & Garcia-Burneo, K. (2013) A new species of arboreal iguanid lizard, genus Stenocercus (Squamata: Iguania), from central Peru. Zootaxa, 3609 (3), 291–301.
http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3609.3.3