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Issue: Vol. 32 No. 1: 31 July 2023
Type: Article
Published: 2023-07-31
DOI: 10.11646/bionomina.32.1.2
Page range: 10-28
Abstract views: 349
PDF downloaded: 3

Rediscovery of a syntype of Chalcocopris hesperus (Olivier, 1789) (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae, Scarabaeinae), a possible specimen from Captain Cook’s first voyage round the globe (1768–1771)

Laboratório de Sistemática e Bioecologia de Coleoptera; Departamento de Zoologia; Universidade Federal do Paraná; Centro Politécnico; Jardim das Américas; 81.531-980; Curitiba; PR; Brazil
Laboratório de Sistemática e Bioecologia de Coleoptera; Departamento de Zoologia; Universidade Federal do Paraná; Centro Politécnico; Jardim das Américas; 81.531-980; Curitiba; PR; Brazil
Department of Life Sciences; Natural History Museum; London SW7 5BD; United Kingdom
Coleoptera Lectotype designation type species designation dung beetles Dichotomiini Rio de Janeiro HMS Endeavour Sir Joseph Banks Johan Christian Fabricius Banksian collection The Natural History Museum The Linnean Society of London The Hunterian Museum

Abstract

Chalcocopris hesperus (originally Scarabaeus hesperus) (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae, Scarabaeinae, Dichotomiini) is a common and unmistakable dung beetle species from the Atlantic Forest of Brazil, Paraguay and Argentina. In 2015, a neotype was designated for its valid name based on the belief that the original type series had been lost. However, the designation was invalid for failing to comply with Article 75.3.1 of the Code. Moreover, even if it had been originally valid, the neotype would now lose its type status for we found a syntype precisely where it was originally said to be, in the material of the Joseph Banks collection, now preserved in the Natural History Museum, London. We present the evidence supporting the recognition of this specimen as a syntype and designate it as the lectotype. The specimen, from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, may have been collected by Sir Joseph Banks himself during the first Cook voyage round the world (1768–1771), but we discuss aspects that might indicate that it may actually have been caught later and by someone else. Finally, we show that Scarabaeus hesperus was fixed as the type species of Chalcocopris not in 2016, as recently argued by one of us, but in 1998 by Olivier Montreuil. The data gathered and discussed here will hopefully prove to be valuable to anyone investigating the history and type status of specimens from the Banksian entomological collection.

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