Abstract
Lava tubes in the Canary Islands have shown to have a great amount of endemic biodiversity belonging to a wide, and sometimes unexpected, range of taxa. In this paper, the first cave-dwelling species of a troglomorphic Dipsocoromorpha, Ceratocombus stysi sp. nov. is described making this finding the first named species of Dipsocoromorpha from the Canary Islands. Morphological information including diagnosis and genitalia description of the new species, together with biological and ecological notes are given.
References
Carracedo, J.C., Day, D., Guillou, H., Rodríguez, E., Canas, J.A. & Pérez, F.J. (1998) Hotspot volcanism close to a passive continental margin: The Canary Islands. Geological Magazine, 135 (5), 591– 604.
https://doi.org/10.1017/S0016756898001447
García-Becerra, R. & González, J.A. (1997) Estudio faunístico de la cueva del Llano de los Caños (La Palma, Islas Canarias). Vieraea, 26, 113–119.
García-Becerra, R. & González, J.A. (2001) Fauna cavernícola en tres cavidades del oeste de La Palma (Islas Canarias). Vulcania, 5, 40–46.
Heiss, E. & Péricart, J. (2007) Hémiptéres Aradidae Piesmatidae et Dipsocoromorphes EuroMediterranéens. Faune de France 91. Fédération Française des Sociéteés de Sciences Naturelles, Paris, 521 pp.
Li, H., Leavengood, J.M., Chapman, E.G., Burkhardt, D., Song, F., Jiang, P., Liu, J., Zhou, X. & Cai, W. (2017) Mitochondrial phylogenomics of Hemiptera reveals adaptive innovations driving the diversification of true bugs. Proceedings of the Royal Society B, Biological Sciences, 284 (1862), 20171223.
https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2017.1223
Jung, S., Kerzhner, I.M. & Lee, S. (2011) A new record of the infraorder Dipsocoromorpha (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) from South Korea. Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology, 14 (2), 163–165.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aspen.2010.12.003
Klaus, S., Mendoza, J.C., Liew, J.H., Plath, M., Meier, R. & Yeo, D.C. (2013) Rapid evolution of troglomorphic characters suggests selection rather than neutral mutation as a driver of eye reduction in cave crabs. Biology letters, 9 (2), 20121098.
https://doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2012.1098
Lattin, J.D. (2000) Life history of Ceratocombus vagans (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Ceratocombidae), with notes on the immature stages. Great Lakes Entomologist, 33 (2), 131–139.
López, H. & Oromí, P. (2010) A pitfall trap for sampling the mesovoid shallow substratum (MSS) fauna. Speleobiology Notes, 2, 7–11.
Mammola, S., Giachino, P.M., Piano, E., Jones, A., Barberis, M., Badino, G. & Isaia, M. (2016) Ecology and sampling techniques of an understudied subterranean habitat: the Milieu Souterrain Superficiel (MSS). The Science of Nature, 103 (11–12), 88.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00114-016-1413-9
Medina, A.L. & Oromí, P. (1990) First data on the superficial underground compartment on La Gomera (Canary Islands). Mémoires de Biospéologie, 17, 87–91
Oromí, P. (2004) Canary Islands: Biospeleology. In: Encyclopedia of caves and karst science. Gunn, J. Encyclopedia of caves and karst science. Fitzroy Dearborn, New York, pp. 179–181.
Oromí, P. (2008) Biospeleology in Macaronesia. Association for Mexican Cave Studies Bulletin, 19, 98–104.
Oromí, P., Medina, A.L. & Tejedor, M.L. (1986) On the existence of a superficial underground compartment in the Canary Islands. Proceedings of the 9th International Speleological Congress, 2, 147–51
Oromí, P., Martín, J.L. & Pérez De Paz, P.L. (1997) Hábitats de Canarias: dulceacuícolas, aerolianos y subterráneos. In: Pérez de Paz, P.L. (Ed.), Ecosistemas insulares canarios; usos y aprovechamientos en el territorio. Consejería de Política Territorial y Medio Ambiente, Santa Cruz Tenerife, pp. 229–240.
Roca-Cusachs, M. & Goula, M. (2016) New genus and species of ant-like true bug (Hemiptera: Miridae) from the Canary Islands. Zootaxa, 4173 (1), 66–74.
https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4173.1.6
Ribes, J., Oromí, P. & Ribes, E. (1998) Una nueva Collartida Villiers, 1949 subterránea de La Palma, Islas Canarias (Heteroptera, Reduviidae, Emesinae). Vieraea, 26, 99–105.
Schuh, R.T. & Štys, P. (1991) Phylogenetic analysis of cimicomorphan family rela-tionships (Heteroptera). Journal of the New York Entomological Society, 99, 298–350.
Štys, P. (1990) Enicocephalomorphan and dipsocoromorphan fauna of W. Palaearctic (Heteroptera): composition, distribution and biology. Scopolia, 1 (Supplement), 3–15.
Štys, P. (1995) Chapter 15. Ceratocombidae. In: Schuh, R.T. & Slater, J.A. (Eds.), True bugs of the World (Hemiptera: Heteroptera). Classification and natural history. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, New York, pp, 75–78.
Wang, Y.H., Wu, H.Y., Réedei, D., Xie, Q., Chen, Y., Chen, P.P., Dong, Z.E., Dang, K., Damgaard, J., Štys, P., Wu, Y.Z., Luo, J.Y., Sun, X.Y., Hartung, V., Kuechler, S.M., Liu, Y., Liu, H.X. & Bu, W.J. (2017) When did the ancestor of true bugs become stinky? Disentangling the phylogenomics of Hemiptera–Heteroptera. Cladistics. Cladistics, 1–25. [published online]
https://doi.org/10.1111/cla.12232
Weirauch, C. & Fernandes, J.A.M. (2015) The minute litter bugs (Dipsocoromorpha). In: Panizzi, A.R. & Grazia, J. (Eds.), True Bugs (Heteroptera) of the Neotropics. Springer, Dordrecht, pp. 99–109.
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-9861-7_5
Weirauch, C., Schuh, R.T., Cassis, G. & Wheeler, W.C. (2018) Revisiting habitat and lifestyle transitions in Heteroptera (Insecta: Hemiptera): insights from a combined morphological and molecular phylogeny. Cladistics, 1–39. [published online]
https://doi.org/10.1111/cla.12233
Weirauch, C. & Štys, P. (2014) Litter bugs exposed: phylogenetic relationships of Dipsocoromorpha (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) based on molecular data. Insect Systematics & Evolution, 45 (4), 351–370.
https://doi.org/10.1163/1876312X-45012109
Wheeler, W.C., Schuh, R.T. & Bang, R. (1993) Cladistic relationships among higher groups of Heteroptera: congruence between morphological and molecular datasets. Entomologica Scandinavia, 24, 121–137.
https://doi.org/10.1163/187631293X00235