Abstract
Despite the increasing interest in pollinators, the knowledge of hoverfly fauna (Diptera: Syrphidae) from Pantelleria and the Pelagian Islands remains fragmentary. Previous data refers only to Lampedusa and Linosa. This paper reports results of the first surveys of Syrphidae from Pantelleria Island, conducted in the framework of the “Isola di Pantelleria” National Park Pollinator Biodiversity Conservation Project. A total of 114 specimens, belonging to 23 species, were collected. Among them, 22 species are recorded for Pantelleria, while the known Syrphidae fauna of the Pelagian Islands is further enriched by the new record of Eumerus obliquus (Fabricius, 1805) from Linosa. An updated checklist of hoverflies from Pantelleria and the Pelagian Islands is provided, including a total number of 33 species, of which 7 not previously recorded. Including records from Malta, three species are newly recorded for the entire Sicily Channel. These findings enhance our understanding of hoverflies distribution in the Mediterranean Basin and highlight the ecological importance of island habitats for pollinators’ diversity and related ecosystem services.
References
Agnesi V. & Federico C. 1995. Aspetti geografico-fisici e geologici di Pantelleria e delle Isole Pelagie (Canale di Sicilia), pp. 1–22. In: Arthropoda di Lampedusa, Linosa e Pantelleria (Canale di Sicilia, Mar Mediterraneo) (Massa B., editor), Il Naturalista siciliano 19(1), 909 pp.
Aguado-Aranda P., Ricarte A., Nedeljković Z., Kelso S., Skevington J.H., Marcos-García, M.Á. 2025. Diversity and systematics of the Ibero-Balearic Eumerus (Diptera: Syrphidae): Providing tools for species identification. European Journal of Entomology 122: 13–34. https://doi.org/10.14411/eje.2025.003
Bánki O., Roskov Y., Döring M., Ower G., Hernández Robles D. R., Plata Corredor C. A., Stjernegaard Jeppesen T., Örn A., Pape T., Hobern D., Garnett S., Little H., DeWalt R. E., Ma K., Miller J., Orrell T., Aalbu R., Abbott J., Adlard R., et al. 2025. Catalogue of Life (Version 2025–04–10). Catalogue of Life, Amsterdam, Netherlands. https://doi.org/10.48580/dgplc (accessed on 2025-05-30)
Birtele D. 2011. Contributo alla conoscenza dei Syrphidae della Sardegna (Diptera). In: Biodiversity of Marganai and Montimannu (Sardinia) (Nardi G., Whitmore D., Bardiani, M., Birtele D., Mason F., Spada L. & Cerretti P., editors). Research in the framework of the ICP Forests network. Conservazione Habitat Invertebrati 5: 659–715.
Birtele D., Zito P., Pisciotta S. & Sajeva M. 2010. Syrphidae (Diptera) from Lampedusa Island. Il Naturalista siciliano 34(4): 209–218.
Birtele D., Zito P. & Sajeva M. 2011. Bombyliidae (Diptera) from Lampedusa Island. Il Naturalista siciliano 35(4): 173–178.
Brullo S., Cambria S., Minissale P. & Tavilla G. 2020. Considerazioni fitogeografiche su tre specie rare e poco conosciute della flora dell’isola di Pantelleria (Sicilia). Notiziario della Società botanica italiana 4: 9–10.
Burgio G., Dindo M. L., Pape T., Whitmore D. & Sommaggio D. 2024. Diptera as predators in biological control: applications and future perspectives. BioControl 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10526-024-10281-2
Canzoneri S. 1986. Ricerche faunistiche del Museo civico di Storia Naturale di Venezia nell’isola di Pantelleria. II—Diptera Ephydridae. Bollettino del Museo civico di storia naturale di Venezia 35: 43–46.
Canzoneri S., Orlandini M. & Raffone G. 1990. Contributo alla conoscenza della fauna ditterologica della Isole Pelagie (Fam. Hybotidae, Dolichopodidae, Ephydridae, Canacidae, Tethinidae, Muscidae, (Gen. Lispe) (Diptera, Brachycera). Lavori della Società Veneziana di Scienze Naturali 15: 29–38.
Chemini C., Daccordi M. & Mason F. 1983. Ditteri Sirfidi raccolti su due siti forestali presso Ala (provincia di Trento). Studi trentini di scienze naturali—Acta biologica 60: 125–135.
Doczkal D. & Schmid U. 1994. Drei neue Arten der Gattung Epistrophe (Diptera: Syrphidae), mit einem Bestimmungsschlüssel für die deutschen Arten. Stuttgarter Beiträge zur Naturkunde. Serie A, Biologie 507: 1–32.
Dunn L., Lequerica M., Reid C. R. & Latty T. 2020. Dual ecosystem services of syrphid flies (Diptera: Syrphidae): pollinators and biological control agents. Pest Management Science 76(6): 1973–1979. https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.5807
Ebejer M. J. & Gatt P. 2021. A checklist of the Diptera of the Maltese Islands. Zootaxa 5018(1): 1–75. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5018.1.1
Garcete-Barrett B. R., Morales M. N., Hauser M., Smit J. T., Gonzalez L., Ramírez De Lopez M. B., Arias O., Adorno M., Sormanti G. & Mereles A. 2020. New geographical records and key to the species of Eumerus Meigen, 1823 (Diptera, Syrphidae) introduced into the Americas and Hawaii. Revista Brasileira de Entomologia 64(1). https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-9665-RBENT-2019-0016
Gianguzzi L. 1999. Vegetazione e bioclimatologia dell’isola di Pantelleria (Canale di Sicilia). Braun-Blanquetia 22: 1–70.
Gianguzzi L. 2017. L’Isola di Pantelleria., pp. 396–399. In: La flora in Italia (Blasi C. & Biondi E. editors). Ministero dell’Ambiente e della Tutela del Territorio e del Mare, Sapienza Università Editrice, Roma, 704 pp.
Goeldlin de Tiefenau P. 1976. Revision du genre Paragus (Dipt., Syrphidae) de la region palearctique occidentale. Bulletin de la Société Entomologique Suisse 49: 79–108.
Goeldlin de Tiefenau P. 1989. Sur plusieurs espèces de Sphaerophoria (Dipt., Syrphidae) nouvelles ou méconnues des régions paléarctique et néarctique. Bulletin de la Société entomologique suisse 62: 41–66.
iNaturalist contributors, 2025. iNaturalist Reasearch-grade Observations. iNaturalist.org. Occurrence dataset
https://doi.org/10.15468/ab3s5x accessed via GBIF.org on 2025-10-19
Kazerani F., Talebi A. A. & Mengual X. 2017. First record of Chrysotoxum baphyrum Walker from West Palaearctic (Diptera: Syrphidae), with key to species of Chrysotoxum Meigen from Iran. Bonn zoological Bulletin 66(2): 95–106.
La Mantia T., Rühl J., Massa B., Pipitone S., Lo Verde G. & Bueno R. S. 2019. Vertebrate-mediated seed rain and artificial perches contribute to overcome seed dispersal limitation in a Mediterranean old field. Restoration Ecology 27: 1393–1400.
La Mantia T., Rühl J., Pasta S., Campisi D. G. & Terrazzino G. 2008. Structural analysis of woody species in Mediterranean old fields. Plant Biosystems 142: 462–471.
Lebard T., Canut M. & Speight M. 2019. Première observation en France d’Ischiodon aegyptius (Wiedemann, 1830) et découverte en Corse d’Eumerus narcissi Smith, 1928 (Diptera, Syrphidae). Revue Française d’Entomologie Générale 1(3): 203–210.
Lo Valvo F. & Massa B. 1995. Indice e check-list degli Artropodi terrestri di Lampedusa, Lampione, Linosa e Pantelleria, con riferimenti bibliografici, pp. 871–896. In: Arthropoda di Lampedusa, Linosa e Pantelleria (Canale di Sicilia, Mar Mediterraneo) (Massa B., editor), Il Naturalista siciliano 19(1), 909 pp.
Lorenzato L., Fantinato E., Sommaggio D., Favarin S. & Buffa G. 2024. Pollinator abundance, not the richness, benefits from urban green spaces in intensive agricultural land. Urban Ecosystems 27: 1949–1959. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11252-024-01565-7
Marinoni L. & Morales M. 2007. The Second Record of the Genus Eumerus Meigen, 1822 (Diptera: Syrphidae) for the Neotropical Region and the First for Brazil. Proceedings of The Entomological Society of Washington 109(2): 493–495.
Massa B. 1995 Arthropoda di Lampedusa, Linosa e Pantelleria (Canale di Sicilia, Mar Mediterraneo). Il Naturalista siciliano 19(1): 909 pp.
Mengual X. 2018. A new species of Ischiodon Sack (Diptera, Syrphidae) from Madagascar. African Invertebrates 59(1): 55–73. https://doi.org/10.3897/afrinvertebr.59.24461
Mengual X., Lebard T., Louboutin B., Chassagnard T., Parret A. & Savary J. 2025. The residency status of Ischiodon Sack, 1913, in Europe, with new records of Ischiodon aegyptius (Wiedemann, 1830) (Diptera, Syrphidae). Bulletin de la Société Entomologique de France 130 (2): 215–228. https://doi. org/10.32475/bsef_2379
Munari L. 1988. Ricerche faunistiche del Museo civico di Storia Naturale di Venezia nell’isola di Pantelleria. VII—Diptera Sphaeroceridae. Bollettino del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Venezia 38: 129–133.
Novara A., Gristina L., La Mantia T. & Rühl J. 2013. Carbon dynamics of soil organic matter in bulk soil and aggregate fraction during secondary succession in a Mediterranean environment. Geoderma 193–194: 213–221.
Paparatti B. 1997. Diptera, Syrphidae. In: Zapparoli M. (Ed.), 1997. Gli Insetti di Roma. Comune di Roma, Dip. X. Area Risorsa Suolo e Tutela Ambientale, Quaderni dell’Ambiente, 6: 360 pp.
Pisciotta S., Raspi A. & Sajeva M. 2011. First records of pollinators of two co-occurring Mediterranean Apocynaceae. Plant Biosystems 145: 141–49.
Pisciotta S., Zito P., Sajeva M. & Raspi A. 2008. New records of Diptera for Lampedusa Island. Il Naturalista siciliano 32: 397–403.
Pluchino P. 1988. Ditteri Sirfidi raccolti con trappole cromotropiche nella città di Verona. In: Atti XV Congresso Nazionale Italiano di Entomologia, 13–17 June 1988, L’Aquila, Italy. Pp 763–769.
Popov S., Miličić M., Diti I., Marko O., Sommaggio D., Markov Z. & Vujić A. 2017. Phytophagous hoverflies (Diptera: Syrphidae) as indicators of changing landscapes. Community Ecology 18: 287–294.
Potts S. G., Bartomeus I., Biesmeijer K., Breeze T., Casino A., Dauber J., Dieker P., Hochkirch A., Høye T., Isaac N., Kleijn D., Laikre L., Mandelik Y., Montagna M., Montero Castaño A., Öckinger E., Oteman B., Pardo Valle A., Polce C., Povellato A., Quaranta M., Roy D., Schweiger O., Settele J., Ståhls-Mäkelä G., Tamborra M., Troost G., van der Wal R., Vujić A. & Zhang J. 2024. Refined proposal for an EU pollinator monitoring scheme. Publications Office of the European Union. Available from: https://data.europa.eu/doi/10.2760/2005545 (accessed on 29 October 2025)
Raspi A. 1995. Diptera, pp: 667–674. In: Arthropoda di Lampedusa, Linosa e Pantelleria (Canale di Sicilia, Mar Mediterraneo) (Massa B., editor), Il Naturalista siciliano 19(1), 909 pp.
Reales S., Anzà D., Bruno F., Scibetta S., Oliveri E., Vitale F. & Castelli G. 2023. Phlebovirus detection on phlebotomine sandflies in Lampedusa Island (Italy). Veterinaria Italiana 59(2): 171–177.
Reverté S., Miličić M., Ačanski J., Andrić A., Aracil A., Aubert M., ... & Vujić A. 2023. National records of 3000 European bee and hoverfly species: a contribution to pollinators conservation. Insect Conservation and Diversity 18 pp. https://doi.org/10.1111/icad.12680
Rodríguez-Gasol N., Alins G., Veronesi E. R. & Wratten S. 2020. The ecology of predatory hoverflies as ecosystem-service providers in agricultural systems. Biological Control 151: 104405. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocontrol.2020.104405
Romano M. 2020. Insects of Lampedusa, Linosa and Pantelleria: Addenda to the 1995 checklist, pp. 179–207. In: Life on islands. 1. Biodiversity in Sicily and surrounding islands. Studies dedicated to Bruno Massa (La Mantia T., Badalamenti E., Carapezza A., Lo Cascio P. & Troia A., editors). Edizioni Danaus, Palermo, 492 pp.
Salamina G. 1995. Diptera Psychodidae, pp. 675–677. In: Arthropoda di Lampedusa, Linosa e Pantelleria (Canale di Sicilia, Mar Mediterraneo) (Massa B., editor), Il Naturalista siciliano 19(1), 909 pp.
Sforzi A. & Sommaggio D. 2021. Catalog of the Diptera types described by Camillo Rondani. Zootaxa 4989(1): 1–438
Smit J., van Harten A. & Ketelaar R. 2017. Order Diptera, family Syrphidae. The hoverflies of the Arabian Peninsula. Arthropod fauna of the UAE 6: 572–612.
Sommaggio D. 2001. The species of the genus Chrysotoxum Meigen, 1822 (Diptera, Syrphidae) described by Giglio-Tos. Bollettino del Museo Regionale di Scienze Naturali, Torino 18: 115–126.
Sommaggio D. 2005. Insecta Diptera Syrphidae (Syrphinae, Syrphini), pp. 241–242. In: Checklist and distribution of Italian fauna (S. Ruffo & F. Stoch., editors). Verona, Memorie del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Verona, 303 pp.
Sommaggio D. & Burgio G. 2014. The use of Syrphidae as functional bioindicator to compare vineyards with different managements. Bulletin of Insectology 67: 147–156.
Sommaggio D. et al. in press. Update of the Italian checklist of Syrphidae (Diptera).
Speight M. C. D. 2024. Species accounts of European Syrphidae. Vol. 115. Syrph the Net, the database of European Syrphidae (Diptera), Syrph the Net publications, Dublin, 381 pp.
Speight M., Fisler L., Pétremand G. & Hauser M. 2021. A key to the males of the Eumerus species known from Switzerland & surrounding parts of central Europe (Diptera: Syrphidae) Syrph the Net, the database of European Syrphidae (Diptera), 36 pp.
Speight M. C. D. & Lebard T. 2022. Quelques additions à la liste des syrphes connus dans le département du Gard, avec une mise à jour de la clef des taxons du groupe Chrysotoxum intermedium en France (Diptera: Syrphidae). Revue Française d’Entomologie Générale 4: 15–31.
Speight M. C. D. & Sarthou J.-P. 2017. StN keys for the identification of the European species of various genera of Syrphidae. Syrph the Net, the database of European Syrphidae (Diptera), 139 pp.
Stoch F. & Vigna Taglianti A. 2006. I corotipi della fauna italiana, pp. 25–28. In: Checklist and distribution of Italian fauna (S. Ruffo & F. Stoch., editors). Verona, Memorie del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Verona, 303 pp.
Thompson F. C., Vockeroth J. R. & Speight M. C. D. 1982. The Linnaean species of flower flies (Diptera: Syrphidae). Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Washington 10: 150–165.
Toma L., Severini F., Romi R., Goffredo M., Torina A. & Di Luca M. 2020. Checklist of the mosquito species from four Sicilian Islands: Lampedusa, Linosa, Ustica and Pantelleria. Journal of Entomological and Acarological Research 52(8968): 34–41. https://doi.org/10.4081/jear.2020.8968
van der Goot V. S. 1964. Summer records of Syrphidae (Diptera) from Sicily, with field notes and descriptions of new species. Zoologische Mededelingen 39: 414–432.
van Steenis J., Hauser M. & Van Zuijen M. P. 2017. Review of the Eumerus barbarus species group (Diptera: Syrphidae) from the western Mediterranean Basin. Bonn Zoological Bulletin 66: 145–165.
van Veen M.P. 2010. Hoverflies of Northwest Europe. Identification keys to the Syrphidae. KNNV Publishing, Utrecht, 247 pp.
Venturi F. 1960. Diptera, pp. 342–349. In: Zavattari E., Biogeografia delle isole Pelagie. Rendiconti Accademia Nazionale dei XL, Roma ser. IV: 11. 463 pp.
Vujić A., Gilbert F., Flinn G., Englefield E., Ferreira C. C., Varga Z., Eggert F., Woolcock S., Böhm M., Mergy R., Ssymank A., van Steenis W., Aracil A., Földesi R., Grković A., Mazanek L., Nedeljković Z., Pennards G. W. A., Pérez C., Radenković S., Ricarte A., Rojo S., Ståhls G., van der Ent L. J., van Steenis J., Barkalov A., Campoy A., Janković M., Likov L., Lillo I., Mengual X., Milić D., Miličić M., Nielsen T., Popov G., Romig T., Šebić A., Speight M., Tot T., van Eck A., Veselić S., Andric A., Bowles P., De Groot M., Marcos-García M. A., Hadrava J., Lair X. , Malidžan S., Nève G., Obreht Vidakovic D., Popov S., Smit J. T., Van De Meutter F., Veličković N. and Vrba J. 2022. Pollinators on the edge: our European hoverflies. The European Red List of hoverflies. Brussels, Belgium, European Commission. 96 pp.
Vujić M. & Petrović A. 2024. The northernmost record of Ischiodon aegyptius (Wiedemann, 1830) (Diptera, Syrphidae, Syrphinae) with possible evidence of its reproduction in Europe. Entomologia Croatica 27: 44–51. https://doi.org/10.17971/ec.23.1.7
Westphal C., Bommarco R., Carré G., Lamborn E., Morison N., Petanidou T., Potts S. G., Roberts S. P. M., Szentgyörgyi H., Tscheulin T., Vaissière B. E., Woyciechowsk M. I, Biesmeuer J.C., Kunin W. E., Settele J., Steffan-Dewenter I. 2008. Measuring bee diversity in different European habitats and biogeographical regions. Ecological Monographs 78: 653–671.
