Abstract
A comprehensive study of Cuban Ophioninae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) was carried out. Nine new species are described: Ophion picocuba sp. nov., Thyreodon alayoi sp. nov., Thyreodon gabrieli sp. nov Enicospilus cheoi sp. nov., E. iangauldi sp. nov., E. grilloi sp. nov., E. hansonorum sp. nov., E. teremariae sp. nov. and E. wahli sp. nov. Five species are recorded for the first time to the island: Enicospilus dispilus, E. gallegosi, E. neotropicus, E. sondrae and E. woldai. Thyreodon sp. (Alayo, 1973) is T. fulvescens Cresson. New biological information regarding host records is provided for E. flavus and O. flavidus. A preliminary analysis of distribution of ophionines within the Cuban archipelago and their relationships with the Caribbean, Florida (USA) and Central American faunas are also discussed.KEY WORDS: Ophioninae, taxonomy, Biogeography, CubaSe revisa la subfamilia Ophioninae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) en Cuba. Se describen nueve especies: Ophion picocuba sp. nov., Thyreodon alayoi sp. nov., Thyreodon gabrieli sp. nov., Enicospilus cheoi sp. nov., E. iangauldi sp. nov., E. grilloi sp. nov., E. hansoni sp. nov., E. teremariae sp. nov. y E. wahli sp. nov. Cinco especies se registran por primera vez para el país: Enicospilus dispilus (Szépligeti), E. gallegosi Gauld, E. neotropicus Hooker, E. sondrae Gauld y E. woldai Gauld. Thyreodon sp. (Alayo, 1973) es T. fulvescens Cresson. Se aporta nueva información biológica en relación con registros de hospederos para E. flavus y O. flavidus. Se analiza preliminarmente la distribución de la subfamilia en el archipiélago cubano y sus relaciones con el Caribe insular, Florida (USA) y América Central.PALABRAS CLAVE: Ophioninae, taxonomía, Biogeografía, CubaReferences
Agassiz, J. (1846) Nomenclator zoologicus, Index Universalis, Soloduri, 1135 pp.
Alayo, P. (1972) Introducción al estudio de los himenópteros de Cuba. Tenthredinoidea, Siricoidea & Ichneumonoidea, Universidad Central de Las Villas, Santa Clara, 71 pp.
Alayo, P. (1973) Catálogo de los Himenópteros de Cuba, Instituto Cubano del Libro, La Habana, 218 p.
Alcolado, P.; de Armas, L., Bidart, L., Capote, R., Caraballo, L. et al. (2002) Curso de Diversidad Biológica, Special Supplement, Editorial Academia, La Habana, 32 pp.
Ashmead, W. (1894) Some parasitic Hymenoptera from Lower California, Mexico. Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences, (2) 4, 122–129.
Ashmead, W. (1896) Descriptions of new parasitic Hymenoptera. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 23, 179–234.
Ashmead, W. (1900a) Classification of the Ichneumon flies, or the superfamily Ichneumonoidea. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 23, 1–220.
Ashmead, W. (1900b) Report upon the aculeate Hymenoptera of the islands of St. Vincent and Grenada, with additions to a list of the described species of the West Indies. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London, 1900, 207–367.
Borhidi, A. (1991) Phytogeography and Vegetation Ecology of Cuba, Akademiai Kiadó, Budapest, 858 pp.
Brèthes, J. (1909) Hymenoptera Paraguayensis. Anales del Museo Nacional de Historia Natural de Buenos Aires, 19, 225–256.
Brullé, A. (1846) Hyménoptères, 4. In: Lepeletier de Saint-Fargeau, A. (Ed), Histoire Naturelle des Insectes, Paris, 680 pp.
Bruner, S., Scaramuzza, L. & Otero, A. (1945) Catálogo de los insectos que atacan a las plantas económicas de Cuba, La Habana, 399 pp.
Cameron, P. (1886) Biologia Centrali Americana. Insecta Hymenoptera (Families Tenthredinidae - Chrysididae), 1, 241–328.
Cameron, P. (1911) On the Hymenoptera of the Georgetown Museum, British Guiana. Timehri, (3) 1, 153–186.
Carlson, R. (1979) Family Ichneumonidae. In: Krombein, K., Hurd, P., Smith, D. & Burks, B (Ed), Catalog of Hymenoptera in America north of Mexico, Volume 1, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C., 1198 pp.
Costa Lima, A. da. (1962) Insetos do Brasil 12, Himenópteros 2, Rio de Janeiro, 393 pp.
Cresson, E. (1865) On the Hymenoptera of Cuba. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Philadelphia, 4, 1–200.
Cresson, E. (1874) Descriptions of Mexican Ichneumonidae. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 1873, 374–413.
Cresson, E. (1928) The types of Hymenoptera in the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia other than those of Ezra T. Cresson. Memoirs of the American Entomological Society, 5, 1–90.
Cushman, R. (1947) A generic revision of the Ichneumon-flies of the tribe Ophionini. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 96, 417–482.
Dalla Torre, C. (1901) Catalogus Hymenopterorum, 3, Lipsiae, 1141 pp.
Eickwort, G. (1988) Distribution patterns and biology of West Indian sweat bees (Hymenoptera: Halictidae). In: Liebherr, J. (Ed), Zoogeography of Caribbean insects. Cornell University Press, Nueva York, 231–253.
Enderlein, G. (1912) Beiträge zur Kenntnis aussereuropäischer Ichneumoniden II. Ophionoiden. Der Gattung Thyreodon und ihre Verwandten. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 39, 624–632.
Enderlein, G. (1918) Ichneumoniden. In: Michaelson, W. (Ed), Beiträge zur Kenntnis der Land- und Susswasserfauna Deutsch- Sudwestafricas, Jena, 2(4), 1–22.
Enderlein, G. (1921) Beiträge zur Kenntnis aussereuropäischer Ichneumoniden 5. Über die Familie Ophionoiden. Stettiner Entomologische Zeitung, 82, 1–45.
Erichson, W. (1848) Insecten. In: Schomburgk, R. (Ed), Reisen in British-Guiana, Leipzig, 3, 1260 pp.
Fabricius, J. (1775) Systema Entomologiae… Flensburgi et Lipsiae, xxxii + 832 pp.
Fabricius, J. (1798) Entomologia systematica emendata et aucta.. ..adjectis synonymis, locis observationibus, descriptionibus. Supplementum, Halfniae, 572 pp.
Felt, E. (1902) Two new species of Ophion. Psyche, 9, 307–308.
Felt, E. (1904) Nineteenth of the state entomologist, 1903. Beneficial insects. Bulletin of the New York State Museum, 76, 97–125.
Fernández, J. (2002) A step forward a new Catalog of Cuban Hymenoptera. International Society of Hymenopterists Newsletter, 3.
Fernández., J, Grillo, H. & López, M. (In press) The state of the art of Ichneumonidae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonoidea) in Cuba, and new records to the country. Journal of Tropical Biology, 53.
Foerster, A. (1869) Synopsis der Familien und Gattungen der Ichneumoniden. Verhandlungen des Naturhistorischen Vereins der Preussischen Rheinlande und Westfalens, 25, 135–221.
Fong, A. (1994) Biodiversidad de vertebrados de la Región Oriental de Cuba, B.Sc. Thesis, Universidad de Oriente, Santiago de Cuba.
Fontenla, J. (1994) Biogeografía de Macromischa (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) en Cuba. Avicennia, 1, 19–29.
Fontenla, J. (1995) Aspectos biogeográficos de la mirmecofauna cubana. Avacient, 12, 25–35.
Fox, W. (1891) On a collection of Hymenoptera made in Jamaica during April, 1891. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 18, 337–348.
Gauld, I. (1985) The phylogeny, classification and evolution of parasitic wasps of the subfamily Ophioninae (Ichneumonidae). Bulletin of the British Museum Natural History (Entomology), 51, 61–185.
Gauld, I. (1986) Latitudinal gradients in ichneumonid species-richness in Australia. Ecological Entomology, 11, 155–161.
Gauld, I. (1987) Some factors affecting the composition of tropical ichneumonid faunas. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 30, 299–312.
Gauld, I. (1988) A survey of the Ophioninae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of tropical Mesoamerica with special reference to the fauna of Costa Rica. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Entomology, 57, 1–309.
Gauld, I. (1991) The Ichneumonidae of Costa Rica, 1. Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute, 47, 1–589.
Gauld, I. & Mitchell, P. (1981) The taxonomy, distribution and host preferences of Indo Papuan parasitic wasps of the subfamily Ophioninae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae), CAB, Slough, 611 pp.
Gauld, I. & Carter, J. (1983) The Ophioninae of the Galapagos Islands (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae). Journal of Natural History, 17, 145–155.
Gauld, I. & Janzen, D. (In press) The systematics and biology of the Costa Rican species of the Thyreodon genus-group.
Genaro, J. (2002) Taxonomía, diversidad y distribución de las abejas de Cuba (Insecta: Hymenoptera), Ph.D. Thesis, Museo Nacional de Historia Natural, La Habana, Cuba.
Guérin-Ménéville, F. & Percheron, A. (1835) Genera des Insectes, Paris, 60 pls.
Gundlach, J. (1886) Contribución a la entomología cubana. Tomo II. Hymenópteros, La Habana, 187 pp.
Hancock, G. (1926) A winter entomological visit to Central Brazil. Entomologist, 59, 168–170.
Harris, T. (1835) In: Hitchcok, E. (Ed), Report on the Geology, Mineralogy, Botany and Zoology of Massachusetts, Amherst, 702 pp.
Hellen, W. (1926) Beiträge zur Kenntnis der Ichneumoniden Finlands. 2 Subfam. Ophioninae und Anomaloninae. Acta Societatis pro Fauna et Flora Fennica, 56, 3–27.
Holmgren, A. (1868) Hymenoptera. Kongliga Svenska Fregatten Eugenies Resa Omkring Jorden Zoologie, 6, 391–442.
Hooker, C. (1912) The Ichneumon-flies of America belonging to the tribe Ophionini. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 38, 1–176.
Kester, K. & Tuttle, J. (1999) Host identified for Rhynchophion flammipennis (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae). Southwestern Naturalist, 44, 87–88.
Kohl, F. (1906) Ichneumonidae. In: Penther, A. & Zederbauer, E. (Ed), Ergebnisse einer naturwissenschaftlichen Reise zur Erdschias-Dagh (Kleinasien), Annalen des Naturhistorischen (Hof) Museums Wien, 20, 220-246.
Kriechbaumer, J. (1894) Hymenoptera Ichneumonidae. Berliner Entomologische Zeitschrift, 39, 297–318.
Kriechbaumer, J. (1901ª) Bermekungen über Ophioniden. Zeitschrift für Systematische Hymenoterologie und Dipterologie, 1, 18–24.
Kriechbaumer, J. (1901b) Ueber die Gattungen der von Tosquinet in seiner Ichneumonides d'Afrique beschrieben Ophionarten. Zeitschrift für Systematische Hymenoterologie und Dipterologie, 1, 18–24.
Morley, C. (1912) A Revision of the Ichneumonidae. Part 1. Tribes Ophionides and Metopiides, The British Museum, London, 88 pp.
Morley, C. (1914) In: Meade-Waldo, G. & Morley, C. (Eds.), Notes and synonymy of Hymenoptera in the collection of the British Museum. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, (8) 14, 402–410.
Norton, E. (1863) Catalog of our species of Ophion, Anomalon, Paniscus and Campoplex. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Philadelphia, 1, 357–368.
Nuevo Atlas Nacional de Cuba (1989) Instituto de Geografía & Instituto Cubano de Geodesia y Cartografía (Ed), La Habana, Cuba.
Nuñez, A. & Viña, N. (1989) Regiones Naturales Antrópicas. In: Instituto de Geografía & Instituto Cubano de Geodesia y Cartografía (Eds), Nuevo Atlas Nacional de Cuba, La Habana, Cuba, Pp: XII.2.1.
Ogilvie, L. (1928) The Insects of Bermuda, Hamilton, 52 pp.
Perkins, R. (1915) On Hawaiian Ophioninae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae). Transactions of the Entomological Society of London, 1914, 521–535.
Porter, C. (1980) A new Thyreodon Brullé (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) from South Texas. Florida Entomologist, 63, 242–246.
Porter, C. (1984) Laticinctus group Thyreodon in the northern Neotropics (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae). Wasmann Journal of Biology, 42, 40–71.
Porter, C. (1986) A new arboricolous Thyreodon from Costa Rica (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae: Ophioninae). Psyche, 93, 133–139.
Porter, C. (1989) A new Floridan Athyreodon Ashmead (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) with comments on related species of the northern Neotropics. Florida Entomologist, 72, 294–304.
Portuondo, E. (2001) Hymenoptera. In: Viña, N. (Ed) Informe final del proyecto de Biodiversidad de la Sierra Maestra y Nipe–Sagua–Baracoa, BIOECO, Santiago de Cuba, pp. 8–29.
Portuondo, E. & Fernández, J. (2004) Biodiversidad del Orden Hymenoptera en los macizos montañosos de Cuba oriental. Boletín de la Sociedad Entomológica Aragonesa, 31, 121–136.
Riley, C. & Howard, W. 1890 Some of the bred Parasitic Hymenoptera in the National Collection. Insect Life, 3, 151–158.
Roman, A. (1910) Notizen zur Schlupfwespensammlung des schwesdischen Reichsmuseums. Entomologisk Tidskrift, 31, 109–196.
Samek, V. (1973) Regiones fitogeográficas de Cuba. Academia de Ciencias. Serie Forestal, 15, 1–160.
Say, T. (1836) Descriptions of new species of North American Hymenoptera, and observations on some already described. Boston Journal of Natural History, 1, 209–416.
Schrank, F. (1802) Fauna Boica, Ingolstadt, 2(2), 977 pp.
Schrottky, C. (1913) Neue sudamerikanische Hymenoptera. Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift, 1913, 702–708.
Seyrig, A. (1935) Hymenoptera 2, Ichneumonidae. Mission Scientifique de l'Olmo, 3(18), 1–103.
Shestakov, A. (1926) Ad cognitionem specierum tribus Ophionini. Konowia, 5, 256–263.
Stephens, J. (1835) Illustrations of British Entomology Mandibulata, London, 7, 306 pp.
Stephens, J. (1845) Illustrations of British Entomology Mandibulata 7: Index & list of plates, London, 6 pp.
Szépligeti, G. (1905) Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae (Gruppe Ophionoidea), subfam. Pharsaliinae-Porizontinae. Genera Insectorum, 34, 1–68.
Szépligeti G. (1906) Neue exotische ichneumoniden aus der Sammlung des ungarischen National-Museums. Annales Historico-Naturales Musei Nationalis Hungarici, 4, 119–156.
Taschenberg, E. (1875) Zur Kenntnis der Gattung Ophion Fab. Zeitschrift für die Gasammten Naturwissenschaften Halle, 48, 421–438.
Thomson, C. (1888) Öfversigt af de i Sverige funna arter af Ophion och Paniscus. Opuscula Entomologica, 12, 1185–1201.
Thunberg, C. (1822) Ichneumonidea, Insecta Hymenotera. Mémoires de l' Academie Imperial des Sciences de St Petersbourg, 8, 249–281.
Tosquinet, J. (1896) Ichneumonides d'Afrique. Memoires de la Société Royale Entomologique de Belgique, 5, 1–430.
Townes, H. (1945) A Catalogue and Reclassification of the Nearctic Ichneumonidae (Hymenoptera). Memoirs of the American Entomological Society, 11, 478–925.
Townes, H. (1946) The generic position of the Neotropic Ichneumonidae (Hymenoptera) with types in the Philadelphia and Quebec museums, described by Cresson, Hooker, Norton, Provancher and Viereck. Boletín de Entomología Venezolana, 5, 29–63.
Townes H. (1971) Genera of Ichneumonidae, Part 4. Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute, 17, 1–372.
Townes, H. & Townes, M. (1966) A catalogue and reclassification of Neotropic Ichneumonidae. Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute, 8, 1–367.
Townes, H. & Townes, M. (1973) A catalogue and reclassification of the Ethiopian Ichneumonidae. Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute, 19, 1–416.
Vales, M., Álvarez, A., Montes, L. & Ávila, A. (1998) Estudio Nacional sobre la Diversidad Biológica en la República de Cuba, CITMA–IES–PNUMA–CenBio, La Habana, Editorial CESYTA, Madrid, Spain, 480 pp.
Viereck, H. (1912) Contributions to our knowledge of bees and ichneumon-flies including descriptions of twenty-one new genera and fifty-seven new species of ichneumon-flies. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 42, 613–648.
Viereck, H. (1914) Types species of the genera of ichneumon flies. Bulletin of the United States National Museum, 83, 1–186.
Viña, N. (2001) Informe final del proyecto de Biodiversidad de la Sierra Maestra y Nipe–Sagua–Baracoa, BIOECO, Santiago de Cuba.
Walkley, L. (1958) Ichneumonidae. In: Krombein, K. (Ed) Hymenoptera of America north of Mexico, first supplement, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C, pp. 36–62.
Wolcott, G. (1923) Insecta Portoricensis. A preliminar annotated check-list of the insects of Puerto Rico with descriptions of some new species. Journal of the Department of Agriculture of Puerto Rico, 7, 1–313.
Wolcott, G. (1936) Insectae Borinquensis, a revised annotated check-list of the insects of Puerto Rico. Journal of Agriculture of the University of Puerto Rico, 20, 1–600.
Wolcott, G. (1948) The insects of Puerto Rico. Hymenoptera. Journal of Agriculture of the University of Puerto Rico, 32, 749–873.
Yu, D. & Horstmann, K. (1997) Catalogue of world Ichneumonidae (Hymenoptera). Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute, 58, 1–1558.