Skip to main content Skip to main navigation menu Skip to site footer
Responsive image
Issue: Vol. 4152 No. 1: 17 Aug. 2016
Type: Monograph
Published: 2016-08-17
DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4152.1.1
Page range: 1–83
Abstract views: 371
PDF downloaded: 29

Catalogue of snout mites (Acariformes: Bdellidae) of the world

Departamento de Zoologia, Avenida 24-A, 1515, 13506-900, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Rio Claro, SP, Brazil
Department of Entomology, University of Arkansas, 319 AGRI Building, Fayetteville, Arkansas, 72701, USA Department of Entomology, University of Maryland, 4112 Plant Sciences Building, College Park, MD 20742, USA Systematic Entomology Laboratory, U. S. Department of Agriculture, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Beltsville, Maryland, 20705, USA
Department of Entomology, University of Arkansas, 319 AGRI Building, Fayetteville, Arkansas, 72701, USA
Department of Entomology, University of Arkansas, 319 AGRI Building, Fayetteville, Arkansas, 72701, USA
Systematic Entomology Laboratory, U. S. Department of Agriculture, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Beltsville, Maryland, 20705, USA
School of Biological Sciences / Zoology, North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus 2520, Potchefstroom, South Africa
Electron and Confocal Microscopy Unit, U. S. Department of Agriculture, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Beltsville, Maryland, 20705, USA
Acari mite Eupodina Bdelloidea systematics taxonomy biodiversity predatory mites predators soil mites

Abstract

Bdellidae (Trombidiformes: Prostigmata) are moderate to large sized predatory mites that inhabit soil, leaves, leaf litter, and intertidal rocks. They are readily recognized by an elongated, snout-like gnathosoma and by elbowed pedipalps bearing two (one in Monotrichobdella Baker & Balock) long terminal setae. Despite being among the first mites ever described, with species described by Carl Linnaeus, the knowledge about bdellids has never been compiled into a taxonomic catalogue. Here we present a catalogue listing 278 valid species; for each species we include distribution information, taxonomic literature, and type depository institutions. The genus Rigibdella Tseng, 1978 is considered a junior synonym of Cyta von Heyden, 1826, and Bdellodes Oudemans, 1937 is considered a junior synonym of Odontoscirus Tohr, 1913. Illustrated keys to subfamilies and genera are presented, as well as keys to species of each genus.

 

References

  1. Abbaszadeh-Rad, N., Ostovan, H. & Gheibi, M. (2010) A new report of two species of Bdellidae (Acari: Prostigmata) from Iran. Plant Protection Journal, 2 (3), 229–233.

    Abdel-Shaheed, G.A., Hammad, S.M. & El-Sawaf, S.K. (1971) Survey of mites found on some field crops in Alexandria District, U.A.R. Journal of Applied Entomology, 69, 106–110.
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0418.1971.tb03191.x

    Alberti, G. (1973) Ernährungsbiologie und Spinnvermögen der Schnabelmilben (Bdellidae, Trombidiformes). Zeitschrift für Morphologie der Tiere, 76 (4), 285–338.

    Alberti, G. (1974) Fortpflanzungsverhalten und Fortpflanzungsorgane der Schnabelmilben (Acarina: Bdellidae, Trombidiformes). Zeitschrift für Morphologie der Tiere, 78 (1), 111–157.
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00298469

    Alberti, G. (1975) Prälarven und Phylogenie der Schnabelmilben (Bdellidae, Trombidiformes). Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research, 13 (1), 44–62.
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0469.1975.tb00227.x

    Alberti, G. & Ehrnsberger, R. (1977) Rasterelektronenmikroskopische Untersuchungen zum Spinnvermögen der Bdelliden und Cunaxiden (Acari, Prostigmata). Acarologia, 19, 55–61.

    Alberti, G. & Storch, V. (1973) Zur Feinstruktur der "Munddrüsen" von Schnabelmilben (Bdellidae, Trombidiformes). Zeitschrift für wissenschaftliche Zoologie, 186, 149–160.

    Alberti, G. & Storch, V. (1976) Spermiocytogenese, Spermien und Spermatophore von Schnabelmilben (Bdellidae, Acari). Acta Zoologica, 57, 177–188.
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1463-6395.1976.tb00226.x

    Ali Khan, B. & Anwarullah, M. (1970) A new species of Odontoscirus from Pakistan. Science and Industry (Karachi), 7 (3), 192–194.

    Аllred, D.М. & Весk, A.E. (1953) Mite fauna of wood rat nests in Utah. Proceedings of the Utah Academy of Sciences, Arts and Letters, 30, 53–56.

    Allred, D.М. & Roscoe, E.J. (1957) Parasitic mites in desert wood rat nests with notes оn free-living forms. Transactions of the American Microscopical Society, 76 (4), 389–403.
    http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3223775

    Andersén, C.H. (1863) Bidrag till kännedomen om Nordiska Acarider. Öfversigt af Kongliga Vetenskaps-Akademiens Förhandlingar, 20, 181–193.

    Aoki, J. (1974) On the fossil mites in Mizunami amber from Gifu Prefecture, Central Japan. Bulletin of the Mizunami Fossil Museum, 1, 397–399.

    Atyeo, W.T. (1960a) A revision of the family Bdellidae in North and Central America (Acarina: Prostigmata). University of Kansas Science Bulletin, 40, 345–499.

    Atyeo, W.T. (1960b) A unique species of Thoribdella Grandjean, 1938, from New Zealand (Acarina: Bdellidae). Records of the Dominion Museum, 3, 289–291.

    Atyeo, W.T. (1962) Neotype designation for Bdella longicornis (L.) (Acarina: Bdellidae). Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society, 35, 433.

    Atyeo, W.T. (1963a) The Bdellidae (Acarina) of the Australian Realm. Part I: New Zealand, Campbell Island, and the Auckland Islands. pp. 113–166; Part II: Australia and Tasmania. pp. 167–210. Bulletin of The University of Nebraska State Museum, 4 (8), 113–210.

    Atyeo, W.T. (1963b) New species and records of Bdellidae from Macquarie and the Auckland Islands (Acarina). Pacific Insects, 5 (2), 445–450.

    Atyeo, W.T. (1964) Insects of Campbell Island. Prostigmata: Bdellidae. Pacific Insects Monograph, 7, 166–169.

    Atyeo, W.T. (1977) Family Bdellidae. La Faune terrestre de I´lle de Sainte-Hélène. Annales du Musée Royal de l´Afrique Centrale, 8, 300–305.

    Atyeo, W.T. & Tuxen, S.L. (1962) The Icelandic Bdellidae (Acarina). Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society, 35 (3), 281–298.

    Bäbler, E. (1910) Die wirbellose, terrestrische Fauna der nivalen Region. Revue Suisse de Zoologie, 18, 761–915.
    http://dx.doi.org/10.5962/bhl.part.16675

    Baker, R.A., Chmielewski, W. & Evennett, P.J. (2003) Amber inclusions of arthropods (particularly insects and mites) in European museums—documentation and photography. Acta Zoologica Cracoviensia, 46(suppl.), 399–405.

    Baker, E.W. & Balock, J.W. (1944) Mites of the family Bdellidae. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 46 (7), 176–184.

    Banks, N. (1894) Some new American Acarina. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 21, 209–222.

    Banks, N. (1896) New North American spiders and mites. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 23, 57–77.

    Banks, N. (1899) Reports upon the insects, spiders, mites and myriapods collected by Dr. L. Stejneger and Mr. G.E.H. Barrett-Hamilton on the Commander Islands—Arachnida. Reports of the fur-seal investigations, 347–351.

    Banks, N. (1902a) Some Arachnida from Alabama. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 52, 529–543.

    Banks, N. (1902b) New genera and species of acarians. The Canadian Entomologist, 34, 171–176.

    Banks, N. (1904a) The Arachnida of Florida. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 56, 120–147, pls. 7–8.

    Banks, N. (1904b) Some Arachnida from California. Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences, 3rd series Zoology, 3 (13), 331–374.

    Banks, N. (1904c) A treatise on the Acarina, or mites. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 28, 1–114.

    Banks, N. (1907) A catalogue of the Acarina, or mites of the United States. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 32, 595–625.
    http://dx.doi.org/10.5479/si.00963801.32-1553.595

    Banks, N. (1908) Fauna of New England. 10. List of the Phalangida, Pseudoscorpionida, and Acarina. Occasional Papers of the Boston Society of Natural History, 7, 1–20.

    Banks, N. (1914) New Acarina. Journal of Entomology and Zoology, 6, 55–63, + 3 plates.

    Banks, N. (1915) The Acarina or mites. A review of the group for the use of economic entomologists. United States Department of Agriculture - Report n.108. 153 pp.

    Banks, N. (1916) Acariens from Australian and Tasmanian ants and ant nests. Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia, 7, 224–240.

    Banks, N. (1919) The Acarina collected by the Canadian Arctic Expedition, 1913–1918. Reports of the Canadian Arctic Expedition, 3, Part H, 11–13.

    Banks, N. (1923) Arachnida. In: Trichoptera, Mecoptera, and Arachnida of the Pribilof Islands, Alaska. North American Fauna, 46, 237–239.

    Barbar, Z. (2016) The mite fauna (Acari) of two Syrian citrus orchards, with notes on their morphology and economic importance. Systematic & Applied Acarology, 21 (8), 991–1008.
    http://dx.doi.org/10.11158/saa.21.8.1

    Bednarskaya, E.V. (2009) Population dynamics of bdellides (Acarina, Prostigmata: Bdellidae) in the caves of central part of Mountain Crimea. Optimization and Protection of Ecosystems, 20, 20–24.

    Bednarskaya, E.V. (2010) Localization of bdellides (Acarina, Prostigmata: Bdellidae) in the caves of central part of Mountain Crimea. Scientific Notes of Taurida V.I. Vernadsky National University.—Series: Biology, chemistry, 23 (62), 41–45.

    Bednarskaya, E.V. (2011) The main biotic relations and localization in microstations of prostigmatic predatory mites in carst cavities of Mountain Crimea. Scientific Notes of Taurida V.I. Vernadsky National University.—Series: Biology, chemistry, 24 (63), 3–9.

    Bell, N.L. & Willoughby, B.E. (2003) A review of the role of predatory mites in the biological control of lucerne flea, Sminthurus viridis (L.) (Collembola: Sminthuridae) and their potential use in New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research, 46, 141–146.
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00288233.2003.9513540

    Berlese, A. (1882–1903) Acari, Myriapoda et Scorpiones hucusque in Italia reperta. Ordo Prostigmata (Trombidiidae). Padova, 1–101 pp.

    Berlese, A. (1883) Escursione in Sicilia: Acarofauna Sicula. Bolletino della Societá Entomologica Italiana, 15, 212–220.

    Berlese, A. (1888) in Berlese, A. & Balzan, A. (1888) Acari Sud-Americani methodice dispositi, descripti, et iconibus illustrati (con tav.), 20, 171–222.

    Berlese, A. (1905) Acari nuovi. Redia-Giornale di Entomologia, 2, 154–176, pls. 15–17.

    Berlese, A. (1910) Brevi diagnosi di generi e especie nuovi di Acari. Redia-Giornale di Entomologia, 6, 346–388.

    Berlese, A. (1916) Acari nuovi. Redia-Giornale di Entomologia, 12, 125–177.

    Berlese, A. (1923) Centuria sesta di Acari nuovi. Redia-Giornale di Entomologia, 15, 1–240.

    Berlese, A. & Leonardi, G. (1902) Acari sud-Americani. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 25, 12–18.

    Beyzavi, Gh., Ostovan, H. & Magowski, W.L. (2011) Two new reports of Iranian prostigmatic mites (Acari: Prostigmata). Abstract and Proceeding book of the first Persian Congress of Acarology, 22–23 December 2011, Kerman, Iran, p. 11.

    Bhattacharyya, S. (1999) New records of arthropods associated with bird’s nests in India. Environment and Ecology, 17 (3), 685–692.

    Bolton, S.J., Klompen, H., Bauchan, G.R. & Ochoa, R. (2014) A new genus and species of Nematalycidae (Acari: Endeostigmata). Journal of Natural History, 48, 1359–1373.
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2013.859318

    Butler, G.D. & Usinger, R.L. (1963) Insects and other arthropods from Kure Island. Proceedings of the Hawaiian Entomological Society, 18 (2), 237–244.

    Cambridge, M.A. (1876) On a new order and some new genera of Arachnida from Kerguelen’s Land. Proceedings of the Scientific Meetings of the Zoological Society of London, 1, 258–264.

    Canestrini, G. (1886) Prospetto dell'acarofauna italiana. 2: Erythraeini, Cheyletini, Bdellini, Eupodini e Analgesini. pp. 159–311, Tav. X–XXII [= 10–22]. Padova.

    Canestrini, G. (1896) Bollettino della Società Veneto-Trentina di Scienze naturali. Padova, 6, 92.

    Canestrini, G. & Fanzago, F. (1876) Nuovi Acari Acari Italiani. Atti della Società Veneto-Trentina di Scienze Naturali, Padova, 5 (1), 99–111.

    Canestrini, G. & Fanzago, F. (1877) Intorno agli acari italiani. Atti del Reale Istituto Veneto di Scienze, Lettere ed Arti, 5 (4),1–140 + plates II–VII.

    Castagnoli, M. & Pegazzano, F. (1985) Catalogue of the Berlese Acaroteca. Istituto Sperimentale per la Zoologica Agraria. 490 pp.

    Chaudhri, W.M. & Akbar, S. (1985) Studies on the biosystematics and control of mites of field crops, vegetables and fruit plants in Pakistan. Monograph from the University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan, 314 pp.

    Chaudhri, W.M., Akbar, S. & Rasool, A. (1979) Studies on the predatory leaf inhabiting mites of Pakistan. University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan, 243 pp.

    Chen, X., Zhang, Y., Ji, J. & Lin, J. (2007) Predation of Bdellodes japonicus (Ehara) on four species of spider mites (Acari, Bdellidae). Systematic & Applied Acarology, 12, 195–198.
    http://dx.doi.org/10.11158/saa.12.3.3

    Chen, X., Zhang, Y.X., Ji, J. & Lin, J.Z. (2008) Predatory behavior of Bdella tropica Atyeo to Tetranychus urticae Koch. Journal of Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University (Natural Science Edition), 37 (4), 341–343.

    Chen, X., Zhang, Y.X., Zhang, Y.P., Ji, J. & Lin, J.Z. (2011) Influence of temperature on development of Bdella tropica Atyeo (Acari: Bdellidae) with Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae) as its prey. International Journal of Acarology, 37 (1), 34–39.
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01647954.2010.535799

    Cooreman, J. (1943) Note sur la faune des Hautes-Fagnes en Belgique. XII. Acariens (Trombidiformes). Bulletin du Musée royal d'Histoire naturelle de Belgique, 19 (64), 1–16.

    Cooreman, J. (1959) Notes sur quelques acariens de la faune cavernicole. Bulletin du Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique, 35 (34), 1–40.

    Соstа, М. (1961) Мites recovered from the nests оf the levant vole (Microtus guentheri) in Israel. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 4 (41), 257–282.

    Currie, G.A. (1934) The bdellid mite Biscirus lapidarius Kramer, predatory on the lucerne flea Sminthurus viridis L. in western Australia. Journal of Council of Science and Industry Research in Australia, 7, 9–20.

    Dalenius, P. (1965) The acarology of the Antarctic regions. In : van Mieghem, J., van Oye, P., & Schell, J. (Eds.), Biogeography and Ecology in Antarctica. Volume XV of Weisbach, W.W. & van Oye, P. (Eds.), Monographie Biologicae. Dr. W. Junk Publishers, The Hague, 414–430.
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-7204-0_13

    Daneshnia, N. & Akrami, M.A. (2013) Mites (Acari) associated with the fig trees (Ficus carica L.) in Estahban (Fars Province), Iran. Persian Journal of Acarology, 2 (3), 539–541.

    Danks, H.V. (1980) Arthropods of Polar Bear Pass, Bathurst Island, Arctic Canada. Syllogeus, Ottawa, National Museum of Natural Sciences, National Museums of Canada, 25, 1–69.

    Demite, P.R. & Feres, R.J.F. (2008) Influence of cerrado fragments in the distribution of mites in rubber tree crop. Neotropical Entomology, 37 (2), 196–204.
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1519-566X2008000200015

    Den Heyer, J. (1981) The Afrotropical species of Cyta von Heyden (Bdellidae: Actinedida). Phytophylactica, 13, 31–41.

    Domingo-Quero, T., Alonso-Zarazaga, M.A., Sánchez-Ruiz, A., Araujo Armero, R., Navas Sánchez, A., Sánchez Moreno, S., García Becerra, R., Nebreda, M., Sánchez Ruiz, M., Fontal-Cazalla, F. & Nieves-Aldrey, J. L. (2003) Inventariando la Biodiversidad en el Parque Nacional de la Caldera de Taburiente (La Palma, Islas Canarias, España): Novedades científicas. Graellsia, 59 (2–3), 45–68.
    http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/graellsia.2003.v59.i2-3.235

    Dowling, P.G.A., Bauchan, G.R., Ochoa, R.A. & Beard, J. (2010) Scanning electron microscopy vouchers and genomic data for an individual specimen: maximizing the utility of delicate and rare specimens. Acarologia, 50 (4), 479–485.
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/acarologia/20101983

    Drummond, R.O. (1957) Observations on the fluctuations of acarine populations from nests of Peromyscus leucopus. Ecological Monographs, 27 (2), 137–152.
    http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1948573

    Dujardin, F. (1842) Zoologie. L'Institut - Journal Universel des Sciences et des Sociétés Savantes en France et a l'Étranger, 454, 316.

    Dugès, A. (1834) Recherches sur l’ordre des Acariens en générale et la famille des Trombidiés en particulier. Annales des Sciences Naturelles, 2, 5–46.

    Dumbleton, L.J . (1932) Report on spruce aphis investigation for the year ending December 1930. New Zealand Journal of Science and Technology, 13 (4), 207–20.

    Dunlop, J.A., Penney, D. & Jekel, D. (2012) A summary list of fossil spiders and their relatives. In: Platnick, N.I. (Ed.), The world spider catalog, version 12.5 American Museum of Natural History. Avaliable from: http://research.amnh.org/entomology/spiders/catalog/index.htm (Accessed 15 Aug. 2016)

    Eghbalian, A.H., Khanjani, M., Safaralizadeh, M.H. & Ueckermann, E.A. (2014) Two new species of Cyta (Acari: Prostigmata: Bdellidae) from Western Iran. Zootaxa, 3847 (4), 567–575.
    http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3847.4.6

    Eghbalian, A.H., Khanjani, M., Safaralizadeh, M.H. & Ueckermann, E.A. (2016) New species of Hexabdella and Neomolgus (Acari: Prostigmata: Bdellidae) from Iran. Zootaxa, 4072 (2), 291–300.
    http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4072.2.10

    Ehara, S. (1960) Comparative studies on the internal anatomy of three Japanese Trombidiform acarinids. Journal of the Faculty of Science. Hokkaido University, Series VI, Zoology, 14 (3), 410–434.

    Ehara, S. (1961) Some snout mites from Japan (Acarina: Bdellidae). Publications of the Seto Marine Biological Laboratory, 9 (2), 247–263.

    El-Sherif, A.A. & Bolland, H.R. (1993) A new species of the genus Bdellodes from the Netherlands (Acari: Bdellidae). Annals of Agricultural Science, Moshtohor, 31 (4), 2237–2242.

    Ernst, H. (1995) Endogenous circatidal activity rhythm in a littoral mite, Bdella septentrionalis (Acarina, Bdellidae). Acarologia, 36 (4), 315–324.

    Evans, G.O. (1952) Terrestrial Acari new to Britain [II]. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, (12) 5, 33–41, 660–675.
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222935208654337

    Evans, G.O. (1953) On a collection of Acari from Kilimanjaro (Tanganyika). Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 6, 258–281.
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222935308654421

    Evenhuis, N.L. (2016) The insect and spider collections of the world website. Available from: http://hbs.bishopmuseum.org/codens/ (Accessed 30 Jul. 2016)

    Ewing, H.E. (1909a) Three new species of the genus Bdella (mites). The Canadian Entomologist, 41, 122–126.
    http://dx.doi.org/10.4039/Ent41122-4

    Ewing, H.E. (1909b) A systematic and biological study of the Acarina of Illinois. University of Illinois Bulletin, 7 (14), 1–120.

    Ewing, H.E. (1913) Some new and curious Acarina from Oregon. Journal of Entomology and Zoology, 5, 123–136.

    Ewing, H.E. (1917) New Acarina, part II—Descriptions of new species and varieties from Iowa, Missouri, Illinois, Indiana and Ohio. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 37 (2), 149–172.

    Ewing, H,E. (1934) Arachnida. Order Acarina. In: Carpenter, F.M., Folsom, J.W., Essig, E.O., Kinsey, A.C., Brues, C.T., Boesel, M.W. & Ewing, H.E. Insects and Arachnids from Canadian amber. Contributions to Canadian Mineralogy. Proceedings of the Geological Society of America, 418, pp. 56–62.

    Ewing, H.E. & Webster, R.L. (1912) Mites associated with the oyster-shell scale (Lepidosaphes ulmi Linne). Psyche, 19 (4), 121–134.
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/1912/73282

    Fabricius, J.C. (1775) Systema entomologiae: sistens insectorum classes, ordines, genera, species, adjectis synonymis, locis, descriptionibus, observationibus / Io. Christ. Fabricii. Officina Libraria Kortii, 832 pp.

    Fabricius, J.C. (1781) Species insectorum, exhibentes eorum differentias specificas, synonyma auctorum, loca natalia, metamorphosin, adjectis observationibus, descriptionibus. Impensis C.E. Bohnii, 517 pp.
    http://dx.doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.36509

    Fabricius, O. (1780) Fauna Groenlandica: systematice sistens animalia Groenlandiae occidentalis hactenus indagata, quoad nomen specificum, triviale, vernaculumque: synonyma auctorum plurium, descriptionem, locum, victum, generationem, mores Othonis Fabricii. Impensis I.G. Rothe, 480 pp.
    http://dx.doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.13489

    Fabricius, O. (1787) Mantissa insectorum sistens eorum species nuper detectas adiectis characteribus genericis, differentiis specificis, emendationibus, observationibus, Ioh. Christ. Fabricii. Impensis C.G. Proft, 382 pp.
    http://dx.doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.36471

    Feilden, H.W. (1878) Narrative of a voyage to the Polar Sea during 1875–76 in H.M. ships 'Alert' and 'Discovery' with notes on the natural history. Vol. 2. London.

    Fisher, J.R. & Dowling, A.P.G. (2010) Modern methods and technology for doing classical taxonomy. Acarologia, 50 (3), 395–409.
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/acarologia/20101981

    Fisher, J.R., Skvarla, M.J., Bauchan, G.R., Ochoa, R. & Dowling, A.P.G. (2011) Trachymolgus purpureus sp. n., an armored snout mite (Acari, Bdellidae) from the Ozark Highlands: morphology, development, and key to Trachymolgus Berlese. Zookeys, 125, 1–34.
    http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.125.1875

    Flechtmann, C.H.W. & Etienne, J. (2006) Further notes on plant associated mites (Acari) from Guadaloupe and Les Saintes, Lesser Antilles. International Journal of Acarology, 32 (4), 377–382.
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01647950608684485

    Foster, W.A., Treherne, J.E., Evans, P.D. & Ruscoe, C.N.E. (1979) Short-term changes in activity rhythms in an intertidal arthropod (Acarina: Bdella interrupta Evans). Oecologia, 38 (3), 291–301.
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00345189

    Garret, L.E. & Haramoto, F.H. (1967) A catalogue of Hawaiian Acarina. Proceedings of the Hawaiian Entomological Society, 19 (3), 381–414.

    Geoffroy, E.L. (1762) Histoire abrégée des Insects, qui se trouvent aux Environs de Paris; dans laquelle ces Animaux sont rangés suivant um ordre méthodique. Paris, 2, 744 pp + 21 plates.

    George, C.F. (1912) Some British earthmites. The Naturalist, 660, 236–237.

    Gerson, U. & Smiley, R.L. (1990) Acarine biological control agents. An illustrated key and manual. London: Chapman and Hall. 174 pp.

    Gerson, U. Smiley, R.L. & Ochoa, R.A. (2003) Mites (Acari) for pest control. Oxford: Blackwell, 539 pp.
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470750995

    Gervais, H.P. (1841) Note sur quelques espèces de l´ordre des Acariens. Annales des Sciences Naturelles. Zoologie et Biologie Animale, 15, 5–10.

    Gervais, H.P. (1849) Fauna Chilena—Arácnidos, Orden V. Acáridos. p. 29–52, in: Gay, C. Historia física y política de Chile. v. 4.

    Gomelauri, L.A. (1961) New species of the family Bdellidae. Bulletin of the Academy of Sciences of the Georgian SSR, 26 (1), 68–72.

    Gomelauri, L.A. (1963a) New genus and new species of predatory Acarina belonging to the family of Bdellidae. Bulletin of the Academy of Sciences of the Georgian SSR, 31 (1), 167–170.

    Gomelauri, L.A. (1963b) On the study of mites of the family Bdellidae in Georgian S.S.R. Bulletin of the Academy of Sciences of the Georgian SSR, 30 (2), 47–51.

    Grandjean, F. (1938) Observations sur les Bdelles (Acariens). Annales de la Société Entomologique de France, 107, 1–24.

    Gupta, S.K. (1991) Studies on predatory prostigmatid mites of northeast India with descriptions of new species and new records from India. Records of the Zoological Survey of India, 88 (2), 207–239.

    Gupta, S.K. (1992) Arachnida: plant mites (Acari). State Fauna Series 3, Fauna of West Bengal, part III, 61–211.

    Gupta, S.K. (2002) A monograph on plant inhabiting predatory mites of India. Part 1: Orders: Prostigmata, Astigmata and Cryptostigmata. Memoirs of the Zoological Survey of India, 19 (2), 1–183.

    Gupta, S.K. & Ghosh, S.K. (1980) Some prostigmatid mites (Acarina) from Andaman and Nicobar Islands. Records of the Zoological Survey of India, 77, 189–213.

    Gupta, S.K. & Paul, K. (1985) Some mites associated with bird´s nests in West Bengal, with descriptions of eleven new species. Bulletin of the Zoological Survey of India, 7 (1), 1–23.

    Halbert, M.R.I.A. (1915) Clare Island Survey—Acarinida. Section II—terrestrial and marine Acarina. Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy, 39, 45–136.

    Halliday, R.B. (2005) Predatory mites from crops and pastures in South Africa: potential natural enemies of redlegged earth mite, Halotydeus destructor (Acari: Penthaleidae). Zootaxa, 1079, 11–64.

    Hammer, C. (1775) Fauna Norvegica eller Norsk Dyr-Rige. 8. 248 pp.

    Hartzell, A. (1918) A preliminary list of the Acarina of Iowa. The Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Sciences, 25, 205–212.

    Hasselquist, F. (1757) Iter Palæstinum, Eller, Resa til Heliga Landet, Förrättad Infrån år 1749 til 1752.

    Hermann, J.F. (1804) III Ciron (Scirus). Mémoire Aptérologique, 60–62.

    Hernandes, F.A. (2013) Revision of Nathan Banks’ type specimens of Bdellidae Dugès (Acari: Trombidiformes) of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Cambridge. International Journal of Acarology, 39 (1), 1–9.
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01647954.2012.739642

    Hernandes, F.A. & Feres, R.J.F. (2006) Tetrabdella neotropica (Acari: Bdellidae), a new genus and species from Brazil. Zootaxa, 1135, 57–68.

    Hernandes, F.A., Castro, T.M.M.G. & Venancio, R. (2015) Prostigmata (Acari: Trombidiformes) as biological control agents. pp. 151–184, Chapter 6 in Carrillo, D., Moraes, G.J. & Peña, J.E. (Eds.), Prospects for Biological Control of Plant Feeding Mites and Other Harmful Organisms, Springer.
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-15042-0_6

    Hernandes, F.A., Daud, R.D. & Feres, R.J.F. (2007) A new species of Hexabdella (Acari: Bdellidae) from Brazil. Zootaxa, 1501, 57–63.

    Hernandes, F.A., Daud, R.D. & Feres, R.J.F. (2008) Two new species of Bdellidae (Acari: Prostigmata) from Brazil. International Journal of Acarology, 34 (3), 259–266.
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01647950808684539

    Hernandes, F.A., Bernardi, L.F.O. & Ferreira, R.L. (2011) Snout mites from caves in Brazil, with description of a new species. Journal of Natural History, 45, 799–812.
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2010.535919

    Hoffmann, A. & López-Campos, G. (2000) Biodiversidad de los ácaros en México. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México y Conabio, México, D.F. 230 pp.

    Howell, J.Е., Allred, D.М. &. Beck, D.E. (1957) Seasonal population fluсtuаtiопs of mitеs in desert rat nests in Central Utah. Ecology, 38 (1), 82–88.
    http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1932129

    Hull, J.E. (1915) Snout mites: an introduction to the British Bdellidae. The Vasculum, 1, 117–123.

    Hull, J.E. (1918) Terrestrial Acari of the Tyne province. Transactions of the Natural History Society of Northumberland, Durham, and Newcastle-upon-Tyne, 75, 13–88.

    Hull, J.E. (1922) On land mites from Spitzbergen and Bear Island. The Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 9 (10), 621–623.
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222932208632818

    Ireson, J.E. (1984) The effectiveness of Bdellodes lapidaria (Kramer) (Acari: Bdellidae) as a predator of Sminthurus viridis (L.) (Collembola: Sminthuridae) in North West Tasmania. Journal of the Australian Entomological Society, 23, 185–191.
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-6055.1984.tb01943.x

    Jalaeian, M. & Nourbakhsh, F. (2005) Report of a genus and species of Prostigmata (Acari) from Iran. Journal of Entomological Society of Iran, 25 (1), 70–70.

    Jalaeian, M., & Saboori, A. & Seyedoleslami, H. (2005) Prostigmatid mites (Acari: Prostigmata) associated with fruit trees in the Western area of Isfahan. Journal of Entomological Society of Iran, 25 (1), 67–68.

    Jacot, A.P. (1938) Thomas Say’s free-living mites re-discovered. Psyche, 45, 126–130.
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/1938/92469

    Jacot, A.P. (1939) New mites from the White Mountains. Occasional Papers of the Boston Society of Natural History, 8, 321–332.

    Ji, J., Zhang, Y., Chen, X. & Lin, J. (2007a) Studies on the functional responses of Bdellodes japonicus (Ehara) (Acari: Bdellidae) to Hypogastrura communis Folsom (Collembola: Hypogastruridae). Systematic & Applied Acarology, 12 (1), 13–17.
    http://dx.doi.org/10.11158/saa.12.1.2

    Ji, J., Zhang, Y., Chen, X. & Lin, J. (2007b) Studies on the functional responses of Bdella tropica Atyeo (Acari: Bdellidae) to Xenylla longauda Folsom (Collembola: Hypogastruridae) at different temperatures. Systematic & Applied Acarology, 12 (3–4), 189–193.

    Ji, J., Tao, L., Chen, X., Zhang, Y., & Lin, J. (2012) The effect of different temperatures on the development of the predatory mite Bdella tropica Atyeo (Acari: Bdellidae) with the prey Xenylla longauda Folsom (Collembola: Hypogastruridae). Systematic & Applied Acarology, 17 (1), 10–14.
    http://dx.doi.org/10.11158/saa.17.1.4

    Johnston, G. (1836) Illustrations in British Zoology. Acarus basteri. Magazine of Natural History, 9, 353–355.

    Johnston, G. (1845) The Acarides of Berwickshire specifically described. History of the Berwickshire Naturalists' Club, 2, 221–233.

    Jorgensen, C. (1967) A new species of Spinibdella from Utah (Bdellidae: Acarina). The Great Basin Naturalist, 27 (1), 98–101.

    Kaluz, S. (2008) Soil mites (Acari) of the forests in floodplain areas of the rivers Danube and Morava. Peckiana, 5, 89–103.

    Kaluz, S., Ferenčík, J. & Vrabek, M. (2013) Study sites influenced by natural and human impacts in Tanap and their acarofauna. Entomofauna Carpathica, 25 (1), 1–12.

    Kamali, K., Ostovan, H. & Atamehr, A. (2001) A catalog of mites & ticks (Acari) of Iran. Islamic Azad University Scientific Publication Center. 204 pp.

    Karpelles, L. (1888) Eine neue Milben aus Bulgarien. Glasnik Hrvatskoga naravoslovnoga društva, 2, 275–276.

    Karpelles, L. (1893) Bausteine zu einer Acarofauna Ungarns. Mathematische und Naturwissenschaftliche Berichte aus Ungarn, 25 (3), 399–427.

    Karpelles, L. (1894) Zur Anatomie von Bdella arenaria. Verhandlungen der Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien, 43, 421–430.

    Karsch, F. (1881) Diagnoses Arachnoidarum Japoniae. Berliner entomologische Zeitschrift, 25 (1), 35–40.
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mmnd.18810250107

    King, L. A.L. (1914) Note on the habits and characteristics of some littoral mites of Millport. Proceedings of the Royal Physical Society of Edinburgh, 19, 129–141.

    Koch, C.L. (1835–1844) Deutschlands Crustaceen, Myriapoden und Arachniden. Ein Beitrag zur deutschen Fauna. Herausgegeben von Dr. Herrich-Schäffer. Regensburg, Friedrich Pustet. 40 parts.

    Koch, C.L. (1842) Übersicht des Arachnidensystems. Familie II: Schabelmilben Bdellides, pp. 73–77.

    Koch, C.L. (1879) Arachniden aus Sibirien und Novaja Semlja eingesammelt von der Schwedischen Expedition im Jahre 1875. P.A. Norstedt & Söner, Stockholm. Kungliga Svenska Vetenskapsakademiens Handlingar, 16 (5), 136pp., VII plates.

    Koch, C.L. & Berendt, G.C. (1854) Die im Bernstein befindlichen Crustaceen, Myriapoden, Arachniden und Apteren der Vorwelt, in Berendt G.C. (Ed.), Die im Bernstein befindlichen organischen Reste der Vorwelt. Nicolaischen Buchhandlung, Berlin. 1 (2), 1–124.

    Kramer, P. (1876) Die Familie der Bdelliden. Archiv für Naturgeschichte, 42 (1), 183–196, plate 8, Figs. 5–8.

    Kramer, P. (1881) Über Milben. Zeitschrift für die gesammten Naturwissenschaft, 54, 417–452.

    Kramer, P. (1896) Neue Acariden von der Insel Borkum. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 19, 444–448.

    Kramer, P. (1897) Grönländische Milben, in: Bibliotheca Zoologica, hrsg. v. Rudolf Leuckart u. Carl Chun, Stuttgart, Nägele, Bd. 8, H. 19, 3. Lfg., 77–83.

    Kramer, P. (1898) Acariden, in: Ergebnisse der Hamburger Magalhaensischen Sammelreise 1892/93, 2. Arthropoden, Hamburg, Friedrichsen, Lfg. 3 (3), 1–40.

    Kramer, P. & Neuman, C.J. (1883) Acariden während der Vega Expedition eingesammelt. Vega Expedition, Vetensk. Jakttagelsen, 3, 519–532.

    Kuznetsov, N.N. (1984) Two new species of Bdellidae (Acariformes) from Crimea and Middle Asia. Zoologicheskii Zhurnal, 63 (5), 774–776.

    Kuznetsov, N.N. & Barilo, A.B. (1984) Four new species of the family Bdellidae (Acariformes) from middle Asia. Zoologicheskii Zhurnal, 63 (3), 934–937.

    Kuznetsov, N.N. & Livshits, I.Z. (1979a) Predatory mites of the Nikita Botanical Garden (Acariformes: Bdellidae, Cunaxidae, Camerobiidae). Proceedings of the State Nikita Botanical Garden, 79, 51–104.

    Kuznetsov, N.N. & Livshits, I.Z. (1979b) Two new species of Bdellidae (Acariformes) from the Crimea. Zoologicheskii Zhurnal, 58 (4), 607–610.

    Lamarck, J.B. (1801) Système des Animaux sans Vertèbres, ou Tableau général des Classes, des Ordres et des Genres de ces Animaux, 8, 179.

    Lamarck, J.B. (1838) Histoire naturelle des animaux sans vertèbres. 2nd ed. tome 5.

    Latreille, P.A. (1795) Observations sur la variété des organes de la bouche des tiques, et distribution méthodique des insectes de cette famille d'après les caractères établis sur la conformation de ces organes. Magasin Encyclopédique, Journal des Sciences, des Lettres et des Arts, 4, 15–20. Paris.

    Latreille, P.A. (1796) Précis des Caractères génériques des Insects, diposés dans un Ordre naturel, Paris.
    http://dx.doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.58411

    Latreille, P.A. (1810) Considérations générales sur l'ordre naturel des animaux composant les classes des crustacés, des arachnides, et des insectes. F. Schoell, Paris.

    Lawson-Balagbo, L.M., Gondim Jr., M.G.C., Moraes, G.J., Hanna, R. & Schausberger, P. (2008) Exploration of the acarine fauna on coconut palm in Brazil with emphasis on Aceria guerreronis (Acari: Eriophyidae) and its natural enemies. Bulletin of Entomological Research, 98, 83–96.
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0007485307005421

    Lee, W.-K., Lim, J.-W. & Lee, S.-Y. (1997) A taxonomic study on the family Bdellidae (Bdelloidea: Prostigmata) in Korea. Korean Journal of Soil Zoology, 2 (2), 65–75 [in Korean with English abstract]

    Lehman, R.D. (1982) Mites (Acari) of Pennsylvania conifers. Transactions of the America Entomological Society, 180, 181–286.

    Lelláková-Duškova, F. (1978) Incidence of mites of the family Bdellidae in moss from a spruce wood in SW-Bohemina. Věstník Československé společnosti zoologické, 42 (1), 23–42.

    Li, L-S. & Fan, Q-H. (2007) A survey of food mites from four provinces of China. Systematic & Applied Acarology, 2, 247–250.
    http://dx.doi.org/10.11158/saa.2.1.38

    Li, L. S., Xuan, J.-Y. & Fan, Q.-H. (1992) Taxonomic investigation of food mites in Sichuan Province. Journal of Southeast Agricultural University, 14 (1), 23–34 [in Chinese with English abstract].

    Lin, J.Z. & Zhang, Y.X. (2000) Bdelloidea. In: Huang, B.K. (Ed.), Fauna of insects in Fujian Province of China. Vol. 9. Fujian Science and Technology Press, Fuzhou, 109–121.

    Lin, J.Z., Zhang, Y.X., Ji, J. & Chen, X. (2006) Five new records of snout mite from China (Acari: Bdellidae). Wuyi Science Journal, 22, 1–31.

    Lin, J.Z. & Zhang, Z-Q. (2010) Bdelloidea of China: a review of progress of systematics and biology, with a checklist of species. Zoosymposia, 4, 42–50.

    Linnaeus, C. (1745) Ölöudska och Gothländska resa på riksens högloflige standers befallning förrattad åhr 1741. Med anmärkningar uti oeconomien, natural-historien, antiquiteter & c. med åtskillige figurer. 1–344. Sockholm, Upsala. 1–344.

    Linnaeus, C. (1746) Fauna svecica, sistens animalia Sveciae regni: Quadrupedia, Aves, Amphibia, Pisces, Insecta, Vermes, distributa per classes & ordines, genera & species: cum differentiis specierum, synonymis autorum, nominibus incolarum, locis habitationum, descriptionibus insectorum Fauna svecica, sistens animalia Sveciae regni. 1st ed. Leiden ("Lugdunum Batavorum"): Conrad & Georg Jacob Wishoff.

    Linnaeus, C. (1758) Systema naturæ per regna tria naturæ, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Tomus I. 10th ed. pp. [1–4], 1–824. Holmiæ. (Salvius).

    Lombardini, G. (1960) Acari nuovi XXXVIII. Redia-Giornale di Entomologia, 45, 241–243.

    Lombardini, G. (1964) Bdellidae (Acari) XLIV. Bollettino del Museo di Storia Naturale di Venezia, 15, 105–109.

    Lu, C. Z. (1991) The first discovery of Bdellidae and Cunaxidae in Xinjiang. Journal of Tarim University of Agriculture Rechm, 3 (2), 46.

    Majidi, M. & Akrami, M.A. (2013) Mites associated with the date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) in Larestan (Fars Province), southern Iran. Persian Journal of Acarology, 2 (2), 335–339.

    Marshall, D.J., Gremmen, N.J.M., Coetzee, L., OConnor, B.M., Pugh, P.J.A., Theron, P.D. & Ueckermann, E.A. (1999) New records of Acari from the sub-Antarctic Prince Edward Islands. Polar Biology, 21, 84–89.
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003000050338

    Maslov, S.I. & Khaustov, A.A. (2013) A new species of mites of the genus Bdella (Acari, Bdellidae) from Ukraine. Vestnik Zoologii, 47 (2), 52–56.
    http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/vzoo-2013-0015

    Masoudian, F. & Khanjani, M. (2013) Mites associated with some medicinal plants (Asteraceae) in Hamedan, Iran. Journal of Crop Protection, 2 (2), 209–218.

    McGregor, E.A. (1956) The mites of citrus trees in southern California. Memoirs of the Southern California Academy of Sciences, 3 (3), 12–13.

    Mejía-Recamier, B.E. & Palacios-Vargas, J.G. (1999) A new species of Trachymolgus (Prostigmata: Bdellidae) from Mexico. Acarologia, 40 (2), 165–170.

    Meyer, M.K.P. & Ryke, P.A.J. (1959) Cunaxoidea (Acarina: Prostigmata) occurring on plants in South Africa. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 13 (2), 369–384.
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222935908655745

    Michael, A.D. (1896) The internal anatomy of Bdella. Transactions of the Linnean Society of London, 2 (6), 477–528.
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.1896.tb00484.x

    Michocka, S. (1987) Polskie Roztocze (Acari) z rodzin Bdellidae i Cunaxidae. Monografie Fauny Polski, 14, 1–128 [in Polish with English summary].

    Mihelčič, F. (1958a) Prostigmata Südeuropas (Spanien). EOS—Revista Española de Entomologia, 34 (3), 269–290.

    Mihelčič, F. (1958b) Zoologisch-systematische Ergebnisse der Studienreise von H. Janetschek und W. Steiner in die spanische Sierra Nevada 1954. IX. Milben (Acarina). Sitzungsberichte der Mathematisch-naturwissenschaftliche Klasse, Abteilung I, 167, 35–57.

    Moniez, R. (1890a) Acariens observés en France (1ère liste). Revue Biologique du Nord de la France, 3, 24–33.

    Moniez, R. (1890b) Acariens et insectes marins des côtés du Boulonnais. Revue Biologique du Nord de la France, 2, 186–198.

    Müller, O.F. (1776) Zoologiae Danicae prodromus, seu Animalium Daniae et Norvegiae indigenarum characteres, nomina, et synonyma imprimis popularium. Typis Hallageriis, 282 pp.
    http://dx.doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.13268

    Murray, A. (1877) Economic Entomology. Aptera. Chapman and Hall. London. 433 pp.

    Murray, A. (1878) in: Feilden, H.W. Narrative of a voyage to the Polar Sea during 1875–76 in H.M. ships 'Alert' and 'Discovery' with notes on the natural history. Vol. 2. London.

    Nakamura, Y., Ishikawa, K., Shiba, M., Fujikawa, T., Ono, H., Tamura, H. & Morikawa, K. (2006) Soil animals of the 88 Buddhist temples in Shikoku Island. Memoirs of the Faculty of Argriculture, Ehime University, 51, 25–48.

    Neuman, C.F. (1875) Gottlands och Ölands spindlar och vattenqvalster. Öfversigt af Kongliga Vetenskaps-Akademiens Förhandlingar, 32.

    Oatman, E.R. (1963) Mite species on apple foliage in Wisconsin. In: Advances in Acarology, Naegele, J.A. (Ed.), vol.1, Comstock Pub. Assoc., 21–24.

    Olafsen, E. & Povelsen, B. (1772) Reise igjennem Island, foranstaltet af Videnskabernes Selskab i Kiøbenhavn. I-II. Sorøe Ed.

    Omukunda, E., Theron, P.D. & Ueckermann, E.A. (2007) Six new species of the genus Biscirus Thor (Acari: Bdellidae) from South Africa. Acarina, 15 (2), 2 69–282.

    Omukunda, E., Theron, P.D. & Ueckermann, E.A. (2012) Spinibdella Thor (Acari: Bdellidae) from southern Africa: descriptions of five new species and the redescription of S. thori (Meyer & Ryke). Zootaxa, 3304, 1–24.

    Ostovan, H. & Kamali, K. (1995) Some snout mites (Acari: Bdellidae) from Iran and a key for their identification. Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 1, 29–43.

    Oudemans, A.C. (1902) Verslag van de zeven-en-vijftigste zomervergadering der Nederlandsche Entomologische Vereeniging. Tijdschrift voor Entomologie, 45, 50–64.

    Oudemans, A.C. (1914) Acarologisches aus Maulwurfsnestern. Archiv für Naturgeschichte, 108–200, 68–136.

    Oudemans, A.C. (1926a) Acari von Svalbard fruher Spitzbergen. Tijdschrift voor Entomologie, 69, 106–127.

    Oudemans, A.C. (1926b) Kritisch Historisch overzicht der Acarologie. Tijdschrift voor Entomologie, 69, 500 pp.

    Oudemans, A.C. (1929) Kritisch historisch overzicht der Acarologie. Tweede gedeelte, 1759–1804. Tijdschrift voor Entomologie, 72 (Suppl. I), 1–448.

    Oudemans, A.C. (1937) Kritisch historisch overzicht der Acarologie. Derede gedeelte, 1805–1850, Band C, Tarsonemini Can. & Fanz. 1877, Stomatostigmata Oudms. 1906, Eleutherengona Oudms. 1909. Brill, 1179–1259.

    Oudemans, A.C. & Koenike, F. (1897) Acari collected during the Willim Barendtsz Expeditions of 1881 and 1882. Tijdschrift voor Entomologie, 40, 238–242.

    Packard, A.S. (1873) Report on the invertebrate animals of vineyard sound and the adjacent waters, with an account of the physical characters of the region. Articulata, Arachnida. United States Commission of Fish and Fisheries, 1, 544 pp.

    Packard, A.S. (1884) Note on salt water insects. American Naturalist, 18, 826–828.

    Paktinat-Saeej, S., Bagheri, M., Saboori, A. & Ueckermann, E.A. (2014) Hexabdella persiaensis sp. nov. (Acari: Prostigmata: Bdellidae) as a first new species of the genus Hexabdella from Asia. International Journal of Acarology, 40, 1– 6.
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01647954.2014.928366

    Paktinat-Saeej, S., Bagheri, M., Saboori, A. & Ahaniazad, M. (2015a) Two new Bdellidae (Trombidiformes: Bdelloidea) from Iran and the status of Neobiscirus Gomelauri, 1963. Zootaxa, 4013 (4), 519–530.
    http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4013.4.3

    Paktinat-Saeej, S., Bagheri, M., Saboori, A., Seilsepour, N. & Ueckermann, E.A. (2015b) A new snout mite, Spinibdella tabarii sp. nov. (Trombidiformes: Bdellidae) from Iran, with a summary of Spinibdella distributions worldwide. Systematic & Applied Acarology, 20 (6), 693–706.
    http://dx.doi.org/10.11158/saa.20.6.11

    Pemberton, R.W. & Turner, C.E. (1989) Occurrence of predatory and fungivorous mites in leaf domatia. American Journal of Botany, 76 (1), 105–112.
    http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2444779

    Philips, J.R., Poole, A. & Holt, D. (1989) Nest mites of ospreys and short-eared owls in Massachusetts salt marshes, U.S.A. In: Channabasavanna, G.P., & Viraktamath, C.A. (Eds.) Progress in Acarology, Volume 2. E.J. Brill, Leiden, 305–307.

    Pinto-da-Rocha, R. (1995) Sinopse da fauna cavernícola do Brasil. Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia, Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo, 39 (6), 61–173.

    Pugh, P.J.A. (1993) A synonymic catalogue of the Acari from Antarctica, the sub-Antarctic Islands and the Southern Oceans. Journal of Natural History, 27, 323–421.
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222939300770171

    Pugh, P.J.A. & King, P.E. (1985) Feeding in intertidal Acari. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 94, 269–280.
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-0981(85)90064-4

    Pugh, P.J.A. & King, P.E. (1986) Activity rhythms in littoral acari under laboratory conditions. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 100, 37–45.
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-0981(86)90154-1

    Rack, V.G. (1961) Spinibdella subrufa sp. n. aus Nestern verwilderter Haustauben (Acarina, Bdellidae). Entomologische Mitteilungen aus dem Zoologischen Staatsinstitut und Zoologischen Museum Hamburg, 34, 183–188.

    Ripka, G., Fain, A., Kazmierski, A., Kreiter, S. & Magowski, W.L. (2005) New data to the knowledge of the mites fauna of Hungary (Acari: Mesostigmata, Prostigmata and Astigmata). Acta Phytopathologica et Entomologica Hungarica, 40, 159–176.
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/APhyt.40.2005.1-2.13

    Roberts, J.M.K., Weeksa, A.R., Hoffmanna, A.A. & Umina, P.A. (2011) Does Bdellodes lapidaria (Acari: Bdellidae) have a role in biological control of the springtail pest, Sminthurus viridis (Collembola: Sminthuridae) in south-eastern Australia? Biological Control, 58 (3), 222–229.
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biocontrol.2011.06.007

    Roy, I. & Saha, G.K. (2010) Two new predatory mites (Acari: Bdellidae, Phytoseiidae) collected from medicinal plants in West Bengal, India. Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology, 13 (2), 121–126.
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aspen.2009.11.008

    Sadanandan, M.A., Suresh, N. & Ramani, N. (2009) A new species of predatory mite of the genus Bdella (Acarina: Bdellidae) from Kerala, India. Geobios, 36, 3–4.

    Say, T. (1821) An account of the Arachnides of the United States. Journal of Academy of Natural Sciences, 2, 59–83.

    Schmölzer, K. (1956) Landmilben aus dem Dauphiné (Acarina terrestria). Österreichische Zoologische Zeitschrift, 6 (3–5), 542–565.

    Schweizer, J. (1922) Beitrag zur Kenntnis der terrestrischen Milbenfauna der Schweiz. Verhandlungen der Naturferschenden Gesellschaft in Basel, 33, 23–111.
    http://dx.doi.org/10.5962/bhl.part.3644

    Schweizer, J. & Bader, C. (1963) Die Landmilben der Schweiz (Mittelland, Jura and Alpen). Trombidiformes Reuter. Denkschriften Schweizerischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft, 84, 209–378.

    Segers, H. (2007) Annotated checklist of the rotifers (Phylum Rotifera), with notes on nomenclature, taxonomy and Distribution. Zootaxa, 1564, 1–104.

    Shiba, M. (1969a) Taxonomic investigations on free-living mites in the subalpine forest on Shiga Heights IBP area II. Prostigmata. Bulletin of Natural Sciences of Tokyo, 12 (1), 65–115.

    Shiba, M. (1969b) On some mites from "Tatami" (Japanese Rice Straw Matting). Reports of Research Matsuyama Shinonome Junior College, 4, 147–170.

    Shiba, M. (1971) The mites of the genus Neomolgus Oudemans from Japan (Acarina: Bdellidae). Reports of Research Matsuyama Shinonome Junior College, 5, 89–105.

    Shiba, M. (1978) Taxonomic investigation on free-living Prostigmata from the Malay Peninsula. Nature and Life in Southeast Asia, 7, 83–229.

    Shiba, M. (1985) Two new species of the genus Odontoscirus Thor (Acarina: Bdellidae) from Japan. Reports of Research Matsuyama Shinonome Junior College, 16, 77–82.

    Shiba, M. & Ehara, S. (1980) In: Ehara, S. (Ed.), 1980. Illustrations of the mites and ticks of Japan. Zenkoku Noson Kyoiku Kyokai, Tokyo, pp. 188–197.

    Shiba, M. & Morikawa, K. (1966) Prostigmatic mites from Japan. II Bdellidae I (Bdellinae, Cytinae, Spinibdellinae). Reports of Research Matsuyama Shinonome Junior College, 3, 17–37.

    Sinha, R.N. (1963) Stored product acarology in Canada. In: Advances in Acarology, Naegele, J.A. (Ed.), vol.1, Comstock Pub. Assoc., 70–88.

    Snetsinger, R. (1956) Biology of Bdella depressa, a predaceous mite. Journal of Economic Entomology, 49 (6), 745–746.
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jee/49.6.745

    Soliman, Z.R. (1975) The family Bdellidae in Giza (Egypt) with a description of a new species. Bulletin/Zoological Society of Egypt, 27, 47–50.

    Soliman, Z.R. & Mohamed, M.I. (1972a) Biological studies on the soil-inhabiting mite, Spinibdella bifurcata (Acarina: Bdellidae) in the U.A.R. Zeitschrift für Angewandte Entomologie, 70, 15–23.
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0418.1972.tb02145.x

    Soliman, Z.R. & Mohamed, M.I. (1972b) On the development and biology of the predaceous mites, Neomolgus aegyptiacus Sol. (Acarina: Bdellidae). Zeitschrift für Angewandte Entomologie, 71, 90–95.
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0418.1972.tb01723.x

    Soliman, Z.R. & Zaher, M.A. (1975) Bdellid mites of Lattakia, Syria. Bulletin de la Société Royale Entomologique, 59, 73–82.

    Sorensen, J.T., Kinn, D.N. & Doutt, R.L. (1983) Biological observations on Bdella longicornis: a predatory mite in California vineyards (Acari: Bdellidae). Entomography, 2, 297–305.

    Sosnina, E.F., Vysotskaya, S.O., Markov, G.N. & Atanasov, L.K. (1965) Predatory mites of the family Bdellidae (Acarina, Prostigmata) from nests of rodents in Bulgaria. Proceedings of the Zoological Institute, USSR Academy of Sciences, 35, 272–287.

    Spahr, U. (1993) Ergänzungen und Berichtigungen zu R. Keilbachs Bibliographie und Liste der Bernsteinfossilien*) — Verschiedene Tiergruppen, ausgenommen Insecta und Araneae. Stuttgarter Beiträge zur Naturkunde., Ser. B, 194, 1–77.

    Stejskal, V. & Hubert, J. (2008) Risk of occupational allergy to stored grain arthropods and false pest-risk perception in Czech grain stores. Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine, 15 (1), 29–35.

    Stoll, O. (1893) Arachnida Acaridea. Biologia Centrali Americana (Zool.), 3, 1–55.

    Ström, H. (1762) Physisk og Oeconomisk Beskrivelse over Fogderiet Søndmør, beliggende i Bergens Stift i Norge. Oplyst med landkort og kobberstykker. 1st part. pp. [1–18] + pp. 1–572, Tab. I–IV. Sorøe, Kjøbenhavn. (Rothe).

    Summerhayes, V.S. & Elton, C.S. (1928) Further contributions to the ecology of Spitsbergen. III, VI–VII. Journal of Ecology, 16 (2), 201–212, 238–252.
    http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2255796

    Supino, F. (1894) Contribuzione all’Acarofauna dell’Ungheria”. Bollettino della Società Veneto-Trentina di Scienze naturali, Padova, 5, (4), 193–197.

    Swift, S.F. & Goff, M.L. (1987) The family Bdellidae (Acari: Prostigmata) in the Hawaiian Islands. International Journal of Acarology, 13 (1), 29–49.
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01647958708683478

    Swift, S.F. & Goff, M.L. (2001) Mites (Acari) communities associated with ‘Ohi’a, Metrosideros polymorpha (Myrtaceae), at Hono O Ná Pali and Kui`a Natural area reserves on Kaua`i Island, Hawaiian Islands. Pacific Science, 55 (1), 23–40.
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/psc.2001.0008

    Thor, S. (1902) On the systematic representation of the Acarinen familien Bdellidae Koch, 1842, Grube, 1859, Eupodidae Koch, 1842 and Cunaxidae Sig Thor, 1902. Verhandlungen der Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien, 52, 159–165.

    Thor, S. (1904a) Recherches sur l'Anatomie comparée des Acariens prostigmatiques. Annales de Sciences Naturelles. Zoologie, 8 (19), 1–190.

    Thor, S. (1904b) Norwegische Bdellidae I. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 28, 69–79.

    Thor, S. (1905) Norwegische Bdellidae II. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 29, 203–207.

    Thor, S. (1913) Biscirus genus novum: eine neue Bdelliden-Gattung und zwei neue Untergattungen. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 42, 28–30.

    Thor, S. (1926) Die Acarina der Kamtschatka Expedition 1908–1909. Annuaire du Musée Zoologique de l’Académie des Sciences de l’URSS, 27, 131–141.

    Thor, S. (1928) Norwegische Bdellidae III und einige Bemerkungen über Haare, Chitin leisten und Schilder am Cephalothorax. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 77, 213–219.

    Thor, S. (1930a) Beiträge zur kenntnis der invertebraten fauna von Svalbard. Skrifter Svalbard og Ishavet, 27, 1–156.

    Thor, S. (1930b) Norwegische Bdellidae IV-V. Zwei neue Arten und eine neue Gattung. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 92, 17–26.

    Thor, S. (1931a) Bdellidae, Nicoletiellidae, Cryptognathidae. Das Tierreich, 56, 87 pp.

    Thor, S. (1931b) Nordafrikanische Bdellidae und Cunaxidae, von Dr. F. Grandjean (Paris) 1931 gesammelt. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 97 (3–4), 62–79.

    Thor, S. (1937) Hoploscirus, eine neue schildtragende Bdellidengattung aus Tasmania, unter dem Namen Scirus dubitatus n. sp. von H. Womersley, 1933 Beschrieben. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 119, 43–44.

    Thorell, T. (1871) Om Arachnider från Spetsbergen och Beeren-Eiland. Öfversigt af Kongliga Vetenskaps-Akademiens Förhandlingar, 28, 683–702.

    Tothill, J.D. (1919) Some notes on the natural control of the oyster-shell scale (Lepidosaphes ulmi, L.). Bulletin of Entomological Research, 9 (3), 183–196.
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0007485300037949

    Trägårdh, I. (1900) Beiträge zur Fauna der Bärel-Insel. 5 Die Acariden - Zugleich ein Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Entwickelungsgeschichte der Bdelliden. Bihang till Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps-Akademiens Handlingar, 26, 1–24.

    Trägårdh, I. (1901) Revision der von Thorell aus Grönland, Spitzbergen und der Bären-Insel, und von L. Koch aus Sibirien und Novaja Semlja beschriebenen Acariden. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 25, 56–62.

    Trägårdh, I. (1902a) Beiträge zur Kentnis der Schwedischen Acariden-fauna. I. Lappländische Trombidiiden und Oribatiden. Bihang Till Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps-Akademiens Handlingar, 28, 1–26.

    Trägårdh, I. (1902b) Zur Kenntnis der litoralen Arten der Gattung Bdella Latr. Bihang Till Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps-Akademien Handlingar, 27 (4), 1–24.

    Trägårdh, I. (1904) Monographie der arktischen Acariden. Fauna Arctica, 41, 1–77.

    Trägårdh, I. (1905) Acariden aus Aegypten und dem Sudan. In: Results of the Swedish zoological expedition to Egypt and the White Nile, 1901. part II. 124 pp.

    Trägårdh, I. (1907) The Acari of the Swedish South Polar expedition. Wissenschaftliche Ergebnisse der Schwedischen Südpolarexpedition, 1901–1903. Stockholm, 5, 1–34.

    Trägårdh, I. (1910) Acariden aus dem Sarekgebirge. Naturwissenschaftliche Untersuchungen des Sarekgebirges in Schwedisch-Lappland, 4 (4), 477–480.

    Trägårdh, I. (1912) Acari. Danmark-Ekspeditionen Til Grønlands Nordøstkyst 1906–1908, 3 (14), 417–426.

    Trägårdh, I. (1928) Acari (excl. Sarcoptidae). Report of the scientific results of the Norwegian expedition to Novaya Zemlya 1921, 40, 1–11.

    Trägårdh, I. (1931) Terrestrial Acarina. Zoology of the Faroes, 49, 45–69.

    Trouessart, E.L. (1888) Note sur les acariens marins recueillis par M. Giard au laboratoire maritime de Wimereux. Comptes rendus hebdomadaire