Abstract
Because of the taxonomic confusion, including misapplication of their scientific names, resulting from the morphological similarity of two East Asian flatfish species, Pleuronichthys lighti Wu, 1929 and Pleuronichthys cornutus (Temminck & Schlegel, 1846), both species are redescribed, with particular emphasis on some new key characters. New common names are proposed for each species.
References
Abe, T. (Ed.) (1987) Illustrated Fishes of the World in Colour. Hokuryu-kan, Tokyo, 1029 pp. [in Japanese]
Amaoka, K. (2000) Family Pleuronectidae. In: Randall, J.E. & Lim, K.K.P. (Eds.), A checklist of the fishes of the South China Sea. The Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, Supplement (8), National University of Singapore, pp. 645–645.
Amaoka, K., Nakaya, K. & Yabe, M. (1995) The Fishes of Northern Japan. Kita-Nihon Kaiyo Center Co.,Ltd., Sapporo, 390 pp. [in Japanese]
Arao, K. & Tamai, T. (2011) Landing fishes on Isshiki Fishing Port, Aichi Prefecture. Science Report of the Toyohashi Museum of Natural History, 21, 17–26. [in Japanese]
Bleeker, P. (1854–57) Nieuwe nalezingen op de ichthyologie van Japan. Verhandelingen van het Bataviaasch Genootschap van Kunsten en Wetenschappen, 26, 1–132. [8 plates. (in Dutch)]
Bleeker, P. (1859) Visschen van Nagasaki, verzameld door Jkhr J. L. C. Pompe van Meerdervoort. Natuurkundig Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch Indië, 20, 234–236. [in Dutch]
Bleeker, P. (1862) Sur quelques genres de la famille des Pleuronectoïdes. Verslagen en Mededeelingen der Koninklijke Akademie van Wetenschappen, Afdeling Natuurkunde, 13, 422–429. [in French and Latin]
Bleeker, P. (1872) Mémoire sur la faune ichthyologique de Chine. Nederlandsch Tijdschrift voor de Dierkunde, 4, 113–154. [in French]
Boeseman, M. (1947) Revision of the fishes collected by Burger and von Siebold in Japan. Zoologische Mededelingen, 28, 1–242. [plates. 1–5.]
Burgess, W.E. & Axelrod, H.R. (1974) Fishes of Taiwan and Adjacent Waters (Pacific Marine Fishes, Book 4). T.F.H. Publications Inc. Ltd., Hong Kong, 1110 pp.
Cao, Y. (Ed.) (2010) Atlas of Sea Fishes of China. Encyclopedia of China Publishing House, Beijing, 197 pp. [in Chinese]
Chen, C. (2003) Fishes of Penghu (FRI Special Publication No.3). Fisheries Research Institute, Council of Agriculture, Keelung, 379 pp. [in Chinese]
Chen, C. (2004) Checklist of the Fishes of Penghu (FRI Special Publication No.4). Fisheries Research Institute, Council of Agriculture, Keelung, 175 pp. [in Chinese]
Chen, J. (1987) Order Pleuronectiformes. In: Liu, C. & Qin, K. (Eds.), Fauna Liaoningica, Pisces. Liaoning Science and Technology Press, Shenyang, pp. 416–445. [in Chinese]
Chen, J.T.F. & Weng, H.T.C. (1965) A review of the flatfishes of Taiwan. Biological Bulletin of Tunghai University, 25/27, 1–103.
Chen, J.T.F. & Yu, M. (1984) A Synopsis of the Vertebrates of Taiwan, revised and enlarged edition, Volume 2. The Commercial Press, Taipei, 633 pp. [in Chinese]
Chen, M. & Yang, S. (Eds.) (2013) Fishes of the Taiwan Strait and Neighboring Waters. Science and Technology of China Press, Beijing, 351 pp. [in Chinese]
Chen, Q., Cai, Y. & Ma, X. (1997) Fishes from Nansha Islands to South China Coastal Waters 1. Science Press, Beijing, 202 pp. [in Chinese and English]
Cheng, Q. & Zheng, B. (Eds.) (1987) Systematic Synopsis of Chinese Fishes. Science Press, Beijing, 1458 pp. [in Chinese]
Cheng, Q. (1997) Order Pleuronectiformes. In: Cheng, Q. & Zhou, C. (Eds.), The fishes of Shandong Province. Shandong Science and Technology Press, Jinan, pp. 442–467. [in Chinese]
Choi, Y. (2007) Sea Fishes for Food (Kyo-hak mini guide 7). Kyo-Hak Publishing Co.,Ltd, Seoul, 314 pp. [in Korean]
Choi, Y., Kim, J. & Park, J. (2002) Marine Fishes of Korea (Korean Nature Series 19). Kyo-Hak Publishing Co.,Ltd, Seoul, 645 pp. [in Korean]
Choi, Y., Kim, J., Lee, H., Yoon, S., Kim, D. & Lee, S. (2011) A Pictorial Guide to Fishes with Tidbits Manufactured by Teachers. Kyo-Hak Publishing Co.,Ltd., Seoul, 279 pp. [in Korean]
Chu, Y. (1931) Index piscium sinensium. Biological Bulletin St. John's University, 1, i–iv + 1–290.
Chyung, M. (1954) Korean Fishes. Ministry of Commerce and Industry, Republic of Korea, Seoul, 517 pp. [in Korean]
Chyung, M. (1977) The fishes of Korea. Iljisa, Seoul, 727 pp. [in Korean]
Eschmeyer, W.N. (Ed.) (2015) Catalog of Fishes, Online Version. California Academy of Science, San Francisco. Available from: http://research.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatmain.asp (accessed 2 November 2015)
Evseenko, S.A. (2003) An annotated catalogue of pleuronectiform fishes (order Pleuronectiformes) of the seas of Russia and adjacent countries. Journal of Ichthyology, 43 (Supplemental 1), S57–S74.
Evseenko, S.A. (2004) Family Pleuronectidae Cuvier 1816, righteye flounders. California Academy of Science, Annotated Checklists of Fishes, 37, 1–37.
Fisheries College of Shanghai, Xiamen University & Fisheries Research Institute of Fujian (Eds). (1980) Economic Marine Fishes of Fujian. Fujian Science & Technology Publishing House, Fuzhou, 162 pp. [in Chinese]
Fitch, J.E. (1963) A review of the fishes of the genus Pleuronichthys. Los Angeles County Museum Contributions in Science, 76, 3–33.
Fowler, H.W. (1929) Notes on Japanese and Chinese fishes. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 81, 589–616.
Fowler, H.W. (1933) A synopsis of the fishes of China, part V. Hong Kong Naturalist, 4, 156–175.
Fuwa, S. (1976) On the small trawl in Shibushi Bay fishing ground and catch. Memoirs of Faculty of Fisheries, Kagoshima University, 25 (1), 125–135. [in Japanese with English abstract]
Günther, A. (1862) Catalogue of the Acanthopterygii, Pharyngognathi and Anacanthini in the collection of the British Museum. Catalogue of the Fishes in the British Museum, 4, 534–534.
Günther, A. (1880) Report on the shore fishes procured during the voyage of H. M. S. Challenger in the years 1873–1876. In: Report on the scientific results of the voyage of H. M. S. Challenger during the years 1873–76. Zoology, 1 (6), 1–82. [plates. 1–32.]
Hagiwara, K. & Kimura, K. (2005) Catalogue of fishes of the Yokosuka City Museum (IV), Sagami Bay Marine Biological Research Club's fish collection of Hasama, Tateyama Bay. Miscellaneous Report of Yokosuka City Museum, (29), 1–34. [plates. 1–8. (in Japanese with English abstract)]
Hayashi, M. & Ito, T. (1974) Fishes collected and observed from the coastal waters of Tenjin-jima and Kasa-jima near Sajima, Yokosuka City. Miscellaneous Report of Yokosuka City Museum, 20, 37–50. [in Japanese with English abstract]
Hayashi, M. & Nishiyama, K. (1980) Fishes collected by the stationary net in the west coast of Sagami Bay, the catalogue of fish collection of Sagami Bay-1. Natural History Report of Kanagawa, 1, 15–27. [in Japanese]
Herre, A.W.C.T. (1945) Marine fishes from the Chusan Archipelago and the Chinese coast. Lingnan Science Journal, 21, 107–122.
Hiyama, Y & Yasuda, F. (1961) Nippon Suisan Gyofu (Scientific Illustrations of Food Fish of the World). Central Research Laboratory of Nippon Suisan Co.,Ltd., Tokyo, 155 pp. [210 plates. (in Japanese)]
Hiyama, Y. & Yasuda, F. (1971) Japanese Fishes. Kodansha Co.,Ltd., Tokyo, 342 pp. [in Japanese]
Hubbs, C.L. (1915) Flounders and soles from Japan collected by the United States Bureau of fisheries steamer "Albatross" in 1906. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 48, 449–496. [plates. 25–27.]
Hubbs, C.L. & Lagler, K.F. (1970) Fishes of the Great Lakes Region, 3rd Edition. University of Michigan Press, Ann Arbor, 213 pp. [44 plates.]
Igarashi, S. & Ito, T. (2013) Feeding habits of congeneric flatfishes Pleuronichthys cornutus and P. japonicus off Fukushima Prefecture. Bulletin of Fukushima Prefectural Fisheries Experimental Station, 16, 9–14. [in Japanese]
Ishikawa, C. & Matsuura, K. (1897) Preliminary Catalogue of Fishes Including Dipnoi, Cyclostomi and Cephalochorda in the Collection of the Natural History Department, Imperial University. Imperial Museum, Tokyo, 64 pp. [in Japanese with English preface]
Ishikawa, H. & Senou, H. (2010) Grand Illustrated Encyclopedia of Marine Fishes. Nitto Shoin Honsha Co.,Ltd., Tokyo, 399 pp. [in Japanese]
Ito, T. (2013) Studies on ecology of congeneric flatfishes Pleuronichthys cornutus and P. japonicus off Fukushima Prefecture. Bulletin of Fukushima Prefectural Fisheries Experimental Station, (16), 15–22. [in Japanese]
Iwai, T. & Ito, K. (1986) Identification Guide, Illustrated Encyclopedia of Fishes-2. Hoikusha, Osaka, 215 pp. [in Japanese]
Jo, G. & Myoung, J. (2013) A Pictorial Guide to Marine Fishes. Bori Publishing Co.,Ltd., Paju, 351 pp. [in Korean]
Jordan, D.S. & Snyder, J.O. (1900) A list of fishes collected in Japan by Keinosuke Otaki, and by the United States steamer Albatross, with descriptions of fourteen new species. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 23, 335–380. [plates. 9–20.]
Jordan, D.S. & Snyder, J.O. (1901) List of fishes collected in 1883 and 1885 by Pierre Louis Jouy and preserved in the United States National Museum, with descriptions of six new species. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 23, 739–769. [plates. 31–38.]
Jordan, D.S. & Starks, E.C. (1904) List of fishes dredged by the steamer Albatross off the coast of Japan in the summer of 1900, with descriptions of new species and a review of the Japanese Macrouridae. Bulletin of the United States Fish Commission, 22, 577–630. [plates. 1–8.]
Jordan, D.S. & Starks, E.C. (1905) On a collection of fishes made in Korea, by Pierre Louis Jouy, with descriptions of new species. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 28, 193–212.
Jordan, D.S. & Starks, E.C. (1906) A review of the flounders and soles of Japan. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 31, 161–246.
Jordan, D.S., Tanaka, S. & Snyder, J.O. (1913) A catalogue of the fishes of Japan. Journal of the College of Science, Tokyo Imperial University, 33 (1), 1–497.
Jordan, D.S. & Metz, C.W. (1913) A catalog of the fishes known from the waters of Korea. Memoirs of the Carnegie Museum, 6 (1), 1–65. [plates. 1–10.]
Jordan, D.S. & Thompson, W.F. (1914) Record of the fishes obtained in Japan in 1911. Memoirs of the Carnegie Museum, 6 (4), 205–313. [plates. 24–42.]
Jordan, D.S. & Hubbs, C.L. (1925) Record of fishes obtained by David Starr Jordan in Japan, 1922. Memoirs of the Carnegie Museum, 10 (2), 93–346. [plates. 5–12.]
Kamohara, T. (1952) Revised descriptions of the offshore bottomfishes of Prov. Tosa, Shikoku, Japan. Reports of the Kochi University, Natural Science, 3 (3), 1–122.
Kamohara, T. (1964) Revised catalogue of fishes of Kōchi Prefecture, Japan. Reports of the Usa Marine Biological Station, 11 (1), 1–99.
Kamohara, T. & Okamura, O. (1985) Colored Illustrations of the Marine Fishes of Japan, Volume. II. Hoikusha Publishing, Osaka, 160 pp. [in Japanese]
Kataoka, T. & Tomida, Y. (1981) Fish fauna of Mie Prefecture. Bulletin of the Mie Prefectural Museum, Natural Science, 3, 1–110. [in Japanese]
Kato, Y. & Fujio, Y. (1979) On the sibling species of the flounder, Pleuronichthys cornutus. Fish Genetics and Breeding Science, 4, 10–12. [in Japanese]
Kim, I. (1997) Illustrated Encyclopedia of Fauna and Flora of Korea, Volume 37, Freshwater Fishes. Korean Ministry of Education, Seoul, 629 pp. [in Korean with English preface]
Kim, I. & Kang, U. (1993) Coloured Fishes of Korea. Academy Publishing Company, Seoul, 477 pp. [in Korean]
Kim, I. & Park, J. (2002) Freshwater Fishes of Korea (Korean Nature Series 18). Kyo-Hak Publishing Co.,Ltd, Seoul, 465 pp. [in Korean]
Kim, I. & Youn, C. (1994) Taxonomic revision of the flounders (Pisces: Pleuronectidae) from Korea. Korean Journal of Ichthyology, 6 (2), 99–132. [in Korean with English summary]
Kim, Y., Han, K, Kang, C. & Kim, J. (2004) Commercial Fishes of the Coastal and Offshore Waters in Korea, 2nd Edition. National Fisheries Research and Development Institute, Pusan, 333 pp. [in Korean]
Kim, I., Choi, Y., Lee, C., Lee, Y., Kim, B. & Kim, J. (2005) Illustrated Book of Korean Fishes. Kyo-Hak Publishing Co.,Ltd., Seoul, 615 pp. [in Korean]
Kim, Y., Myoung, J., Kim, Y., Han, K., Kang, C. & Kim, J. (2001) The Marine Fishes of Korea, 1st Edition. Hanguel, Pusan, 382 pp. [in Korean]
Kim, Y., Myoung, J., Kim, Y., Han, K., Kang, C., Kim, J. & Ryu, J. (2005) Marine Fishes of Korea, 2nd Edition. Hanguel, Pusan, 397 pp. [in Korean]
Kitagawa, D., Imamura, H., Goto, T., Ishito, Y., Fujiwara, K. & Ueda, Y. (2008) Field Guide of the Fishes from the Tohoku District, North-eastern Waters of Japan. Tokai University Press, Hadano, 140 pp. [in Japanese]
Kitajima, C., Hayashida, G. & Yasumoto, S. (1987) Ambicoloration and albinism in hatchery-reared frog flounder juveniles, Pleuronichthys cornutus. Bulletin of Nagasaki Prefectural Institute of Fisheries, 13, 17–23. [in Japanese with English abstract]
Konishi, H. & Nakabo, T. (2007) Color Guide to the Japanese Fishes for Sportfishermen. Enterbrain Inc., Tokyo, 400 pp. [in Japanese]
Kuronuma, K. (1940) Check list of the flatfishes taken by the "Kisen-sokobibi" along the Pacific coast of Japan from Hokkaido to Kyushu. Suisan Kenkyushi, 35 (8), 211–216.
Lei, K., Yang, T., Leung, C. & Huang, X. (1999) Fishes of Macao. Maritime Museum, Association for Promotion of Science and Technology of Macao, Macao, 236 pp. [in Chinese and English]
Li, M. & Zhang, H. (1991) Fish Biology in the Bohai Sea. China Science and Technology Press, Beijing, 141 pp. [in Chinese]
Li, S. & Wang, H. (1995) Fauna Sinica, Ostichthyes, Pleuronectiformes. Science Press, Beijing, 433 pp. [in Chinese]
Lindberg, G.U. & Fedorov, V.V. (1993) Fishes of the Sea of Japan and the adjacent parts of the Sea of Okhotsk and the Yellow Sea, Part 6, Teleostomi, Osteichthyes, Actinopterygii, XXXI Pleuronectiformes. Handbook on the Identification of Animals, Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy, 166, 1–272. [in Russian]
Liu, M., Chen, X. & Yang, S. (2013) Marine Fishes of Southern Fujian, China, Volume 1. China Ocean Press, Beijing, 297 pp. [in Chinese]
Masaki, Y. & Ito, H. (1984) Stock identification of finespotted flounder, Pleuronichthys cornutus (Temminck and Schlegel) in the western Seto Inland Sea. Bulletin of Nansei Regional Fisheries Research Laboratory, 16, 11–51. [in Japanese with English abstract]
Masuda, H., Araga, C. & Yoshino, T. (1975) Coastal Fishes of Southern Japan, 1st Edition. Tokai University Press, Tokyo, 379 pp. [in English and Japanese]
Masuda, H. & Allen, G.R. (1987). Sea Fishes of the World (Indo-Pacific Region). Yama-to-keikokusha, Tokyo, 527 pp. [in Japanese]
Masuda, H. & Kobayashi, A. (1994) Grand Atlas of Fish Life Modes. Tokai University Press, Tokyo, 465 pp. [in Japanese]
Matsubara, K. (1955) Fish Morphology and Hierarchy. Ishizaki-Shoten, Tokyo, 789 pp. [in Japanese]
Matsuoka, M. (1996a) Comparative studies on two types of frog flounder, Pleuronichthys cornutus, in the East China Sea and the Yellow Sea–II, age and growth. Bulletin of Seikai National Fisheries Research Institute, 74, 47–54. [in Japanese with English abstract]
Matsuoka, M. (1996b) Comparative studies on two types of frog flounder, Pleuronichthys cornutus, in the East China Sea and the Yellow Sea–III, sexual maturation and seasonal change of distribution. Bulletin of Seikai National Fisheries Research Institute, 74, 55–62. [in Japanese with English abstract]
Matsuoka, M., Taniguchi, N., Fujita, H., Kitajima, T. & Tokimura, M. (1989) Comparative studies on two types of frog flounder, Pleuronichthys cornutus, in the East China Sea and the Yellow Sea–I, distributional, morphological and genetic differences. Bulletin of Seikai Regional Fisheries Research Laboratory, 67, 23–36. [in Japanese with English abstract]
Matsuura, K. (1985) Family Pleuronectidae. In: Okamura, S. & Kitajima, T. (Eds.), Fishes of the Okinawa Trough and the Adjacent Waters II. Japan Fisheries Resource Conservation Association, Tokyo, pp. 618–623. [in Japanese]
Matsuura, K. & Izuka, A. (1920) Catalogue of the Zoological Specimens Exhibited in the Natural History Department, Tōkyō Imperial Museum (Vertebrata). Tōkyō Imperial Museum, Tōkyō, 192 pp. [in Japanese]
Miao, X. (1985) Order Pleuronectiformes. In: Chu, Y. (Ed.), The Fishes of Fujian Province, Part II. Fujian Science and Technology Press, Fuzhou, pp. 518–563. [in Chinese]
Minami, T. (1988a) Pleuronichthys cornutus. In: Okiyama M. (Ed.), An Atlas of Early Stage Fishes in Japan, 1st Edition. Tokai University Press, Tokyo, pp. 938–940. [in Japanese]
Minami, T. (1988b) Pleuronichthys sp. In: Okiyama M. (Ed.), An Atlas of Early Stage Fishes in Japan, 1st Edition. Tokai University Press, Tokyo, pp. 939–940. [in Japanese]
Minami, T. (2014a) Pleuronichthys cornutus. In: Okiyama M. (Ed.), An Atlas of Early Stage Fishes in Japan, 2nd Edition. Tokai University Press, Hadano, pp. 1462–1463. [in Japanese]
Minami, T. (2014b) Pleuronichthys japonicus. In: Okiyama M. (Ed.), An Atlas of Early Stage Fishes in Japan, 2nd Edition. Tokai University Press, Hadano, pp. 1462–1463. [in Japanese]
Minemizu, R. & Mastuzawa, Y. (2010) Marine Fishes of Japan 466. Bun-ichi Sogo Shuppan, Tokyo, 319 pp. [in Japanese]
Mochizuki, K. (1985) Pleuronichthys cornutus. In: Konishi, K. (Ed.), Grand Illustrated Encyclopedia of Fishes. Weekly Fishing Sunday Co.,Ltd., Osaka, pp. 126–127. [in Japanese]
Mori, T. (1928) A catalogue of the fishes of Korea. Journal of the Pan-Pacific Research Institution, 3 (3), 3–8.
Mori, T. (1952) Check list of the fishes of Korea. Memoirs of the Hyogo University of Agriculture, 1 (3), 1–228.
Mori, T. (1956) Fishes of San-in District including Oki Islands and its adjacent waters (Southern Japan Sea). Memoirs of the Hyogo University of Agriculture, 2 (3), 1–62. [in Japanese]
Myoung, J., Km, B., Lee, S. & Jeon G. (2002) The Sea Fishes of Korea. Darakwon Press, Seoul, 287 pp. [in Korean]
Myoung, J., Ko, D. & Kim, J. (2015) Fishes of Cheju Island. Jisungsa, Seoul, 295 pp. [in Korean]
Nakabo, T. (1995) Pleuronichthys cornutus, Pleuronichthys sp. In: Konishi, K. (Ed.), Fishes, New Color Guide for Sports Fishermen. Weekly Fishing Sunday Co.,Ltd., Osaka, pp. 204–205. [in Japanese]
Nakabo, T. (2000) Family Pleuronectidae. In: Nakabo, T. (Ed.), Fishes of Japan with Pictorial Keys to the Species, 2nd Edition. Tokai University Press, Tokyo, pp. 1371–1379. [in Japanese]
Nakabo, T. & Doiuchi, R. (2013) Family Pleuronectidae. In: Nakabo, T. (Ed.), Fishes of Japan with Pictorial Keys to the Species, 3rd Edition. Tokai University Press, Hadano, pp. 1675–1683. [in Japanese]
Namiye, M. (1881) Classified Catalogue of the Specimens of Vertebrates in the Collections of Kiyoiku Hakubutsukwan (Educational Museum). Educational Museum, Tokio, 117 pp. [in Japanese]
National Fisheries Research and Development Institute (Ed.) (1999) Fishes of the Pacific Ocean, 1st Edition. National Fisheries Research and Development Institute, Korea, Pusan, 512 pp. [in Korean]
National Fisheries Research and Development Institute (Ed.) (2006) Fishes of the Pacific Ocean, 2nd Edition. National Fisheries Research and Development Institute, Korea, Pusan, 398 pp. [in Korean]
National Fisheries Research and Development Institute (Ed.) (2008) Fishes of the Pacific Ocean, 3rd Edition. National Fisheries Research and Development Institute, Korea, Pusan, 415 pp. [in Korean]
Ni, Y. & Wu, H. (2006) Order Pleuronectiformes. In: Ni, Y. & Wu, H. (Eds.), Fishes of Jiangsu Province. China Agriculture Press, Beijing, pp. 800–838. [in Chinese]
Norman, J.R. (1934) A Systematic Monograph of the Flatfishes (Heterosomata), vol. I, Psettodidae, Bothidae, Pleuronectidae. The Trustees of the British Museum, London, 459 pp.
Nozawa, M. & Kato, F. (1981) Morphological comparison of two types of frog flounder, Pleuronichthys cornutus, collected off Tottori Prefecture, in the Japan Sea. Bulletin of Japan Sea Regional Fisheries Research Laboratory, 32, 1–8. [in Japanese with English abstract]
Nyström, E. (1887) Redogörelse foörden Japanska Fisksalmingen i Upsala Universitets Zoologiska Museum. Bihang till Kongl, Svenska Vetenskaps-Akademiens Handlingar, 13 (4), 1–54. [in Swedish]
Ochiai (1965) Pleuronichthys cornutus. In: Okada, K., Uchida, S. & Uchida, T. (Eds.), Illustrated Encyclopedia of the Fauna of Japan. Hokuryu-kan, Tokyo, pp. 492–492. [in Japanese]
Ochiai, A. (1986) Order Pleuronectiformes. In: Abe, T. (Ed.), A Definitive Grand Illustrated Encyclopedia of Creatures, Fishes. Sekai-bunkasha, Tokyo, pp. 310–317. [in Japanese]
Ohashi, Y. & Motomura, H. (2011) Pleuronectiform fishes of northern Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan. Nature of Kagoshima, 37, 71–118. [in Japanese]
Okada, Y. (1955) Fishes of Japan, Illustrations and Descriptions of Fishes of Japan. Maruzen, Tokyo, 434 pp. [28 plates.]
Okada, Y. & Matsubara, K. (1938) Keys to the Fishes and Fish-like Animals of Japan, Including Kuril Islands, Southern Sakhalin, Bonin Islands, Ryukyu Islands, Korea and Formosa, 1st Edition. Sanseido Co.,Ltd., Tokyo, 584 pp. [in Japanese]
Okada, Y., Uchida, K. & Matsubara, K. (1935) Color Atlas of Fishes of Japan. Sanseido Co.,Ltd., Tokyo, 471 pp. [83 plates. (in Japanese)]
Oshima, M. (1927) List of flounders and soles found in the waters of Formosa, with descriptions of hitherto unrecorded species. Japanese Journal of Zoology, 1 (5), 177–204.
Otaki, K. (1897) Identification of pleuronectids from Japan. Research Report for Fisheries by Ministry of Agriculture and Commerce, 6 (1), 17–36. [plates. 5–8. (in Japanese)]
Reeves, C.D. (1927) A catalogue of the fishes of north-eastern China and Korea. Journal of the Pan-Pacific Research Institution, 2 (3), 3–16.
Rutter, C.M. (1897) A collection of fishes obtained in Swatow, China, by Miss Adele M. Fielde. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 49, 56–90.
Sakamoto, K. (1998) Order Pleuronectiformes. In: Nakabo, T. & Mochizuki, K. (Eds.), The Encyclopedia of Animals in Japan, vol. 6, Bony Fishes. Heibonsha Limited, Publishers, Tokyo, pp. 184–187. [in Japanese]
Sakamoto, K. & Nakabo, T. (1984) Pleuronichthys cornutus. In: Masuda, H., Amaoka, K., Araga, C., Uyeno, T. & Yoshino, T. (Eds.), The Fishes of Japanese Archipelago, 1st Edition. Tokai University Press, Tokyo, pp. 337, 352. [plate. 315. (in Japanese and English)]
Sakamoto, K. & Nakabo, T. (1988a) Pleuronichthys cornutus. In: Masuda, H., Amaoka, K., Araga, C., Uyeno, T. & Yoshino, T. (Eds.), The Fishes of Japanese Archipelago, 2nd Edition. Tokai University Press, Tokyo, pp. 337, 352. [plate. 315. (in Japanese and English)]
Sakamoto, K. & Nakabo, T. (1988b) Pleuronichthys sp. In: Masuda, H., Amaoka, K., Araga, C., Uyeno, T. & Yoshino, T. (Eds.), The Fishes of Japanese Archipelago, 2nd Edition. Tokai University Press, Tokyo, pp. 458. [plate. 378. (in Japanese)]
Sakamoto, K., Taguchi, T., Yoshino, Y. & Kobayashi, Y. (1997) Pleuronichthys cornutus. In: Okamura, O. & Amaoka, K. (Eds.), Sea Fishes of Japan. Yama-to-keikokusha, Tokyo, pp. 674–674. [in Japanese]
Sakamoto, K. & Tagawa, M. (1997) Pleuronichthys sp. In: Okamura, O. & Amaoka, K. (Eds), Sea Fishes of Japan. Yama-to-keikokusha, Tokyo, pp. 676–677. [in Japanese]
Sanada, Y. (1997) Pleuronichthys cornutus. In: Ikehara, K. (Ed.), Fishes of the Seto Inland Sea. Fisheries Developing Committee of the Seto Inland Sea, Kobe, pp. 72–72. [in Japanese]
Sato, T. (2001) Family Pleuronectidae. In: Nakabo, T., Machida, Y., Yamaoka, K. & Nishida, K. (Eds.), Fishes of the Kuroshio Current, Japan. Osaka Aquarium Kaiyukan, Osaka, pp. 265–265. [in Japanese and English]
Schmidt, P.J. (1931a) A list of fishes, collected in Japan and China by Dr. A. Bunge and N. Grebnitzky. Bulletin de l'Académie des Sciences, Leningrad, Ser. 7, 101–123.
Schmidt, P.J. (1931b) Fishes of Japan, collected in 1901. Transactions of the Pacific Committee of the Academy of Sciences of the U.S.S.R., 2, 1–176.
Schmidt, P.J. (1931c) On a collection of flat-fishes from Fusan (Korea). Doklady Akademii Nauk SSSR, Seriya A, 12, 313–320.
Shao, K. & Lin, P. (1991) Marine Fishes for Fishing (Fishes Inhabited Sandy Coastal Waters). Dujia Publishing Co.Ltd., Taipei, 238 pp. [in Chinese]
Shao, K., Ho, H., Lin, P., Lee, P., Lee, M., Tsai, C., Liao, Y., Lin, Y., Chen, J. & Yeh., H. (2008) A checklist of the fishes of southern Taiwan, Northern South China Sea. The Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, Supplement 19, 233–271.
Shen, S. (1967) Studies on the flatfishes (Pleuronectiformes or Heterosomata) in the adjacent waters of Hong Kong. Quarterly Journal of the Taiwan Museum, 20 (1/2), 149–281.
Shen, S. (1982) Study on the pleuronectid fishes (family Pleuronectidae) from Taiwan. Quarterly Journal of the Taiwan Museum, 35 (3/4), 197–213.
Shen, S. (1984a) Coastal Fishes of Taiwan. Department of Zoology, Taiwan University, Taipei, 190 pp. [152 plates. (in English and Chinese)]
Shen, S. (1984b) Synopsis of Fishes of Taiwan. Southern Materials Center, Inc., Taipei, 533 pp. [in Chinese]
Shen, S. (Ed.) (1993) Fishes of Taiwan. Department of Zoology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 960 pp. [in Chinese]
Shen, S. & Wu, G. (Eds.) (2011) Fishes of Taiwan. National Museum of Marine Biology & Aquarium, Checheng Township, Pingtung County, 896 pp. [in Chinese]
Shimizu, T. (2001) An annotated list of the coastal fishes from Iyo City, Ehime Prefecure, Japan [sic]. Bulletin of the Tokushima Prefectural Museum, 11, 17–99. [in Japanese with English abstract]
Shinohara, G., Endo, H., Matsuura, K., Machida, Y. & Honda, H. (2001) Annotated checklist of the deepwater fishes from Tosa Bay, Japan. National Science Museum Monographs, 20, 283–343.
Shinohara, G. & Williams, J.T. (2006) Historical Japanese fish specimens from the Sagami Sea in the National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution. Memoirs of the National Science Museum, Tokyo, 41, 543–568.
Shiogaki, M., Ishito, Y., Nomura, Y., & Sugimoto, T. (2004) Revised catalogue of the fishes collected from the waters of Aomori Prefecture. Bulletin of Aomori Prefectural Fisheries Research Center, 4, 39–80. [in Japanese with English abstract]
Shirano, K. (Ed.) (1979) Geikai Gyofu, New Edition. Shimazu Press, Tokyo, 230 pp. [in Japanese]
Smith, H.M. & Pope, T.E.B. (1906) List of fishes collected in Japan in 1903, with descriptions of new genera and species. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 31, 459–499.
Snyder, J.O. (1912) Japanese shore fishes collected by the United States Bureau of Fisheries steamer "Albatross" expedition of 1906. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 42, 399–450. [plates. 51–61.]
Sokolovskaya, T.G., Sokolovsky, A.S. & Sobolevsky, E.I. (1998) A list of fishes of the Peter the Great Bay (the Sea of Japan). Voprosy Ikhtiologii, 38 (1), 5–15. [in Russian]
Sokolovsky, A.S., Dudarev, V.A., Sokolovskaya, T.G. & Solomatov, S.F. (2007) Sea fishes of the Russian waters of the Sea of Japan, Annotated and Illustrated Catalogue. Dalnauka, Vladivostok, 199 pp. [in Russian]
Sokolovsky, A.S., Sokolovskaya, T.G. & Yakovlev, Y.M. (2009) Fishes of the Peter the Great Bay. Dalnauka, Vladivostok, 375 pp. [in Russian]
Starks, E.C. & Thompson, W.F. (1910) A review of the flounders belonging to the genus Pleuronichthys. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 38, 277–287.
Steindachner, F. (1896) Bericht über die während der Reise Sr. Maj. Schiff "Aurora" von Dr. C. Ritter v. Microszewski in den Jahren 1895 und 1896, gesammelten Fische. Annalen des Naturhistorischen Hofmuseums, 11, 197–230. [plate. 4. (in German)]
Su, J. (Ed.) (1995) Ichthyology and Aquaculture of Marine Fishes, 2nd Edition. China Agriculture Press, Beijing, 507 pp. [in Chinese]
Suzuki, K. & Kataoka, T. (1997) Marine Fishes of Mie Prefecture, Japan. Toba Aquarium, Toba, 297 pp. [152 plates. (in Japanese)]
Suzuki, S., Kawashima, T. & Nakabo. T. (2009) Taxonomic review of East Asian Pleuronichthys (Pleuronectiformes: Pleuronectidae), with description of a new species. Ichthyological Research, 56 (3), 276–291.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10228-009-0100-7
Taki, Y., Kohno, H., Sakamoto, K. & Hosoya, K. (Eds.) (2005) Illustrated Fishes in Colour Revised Edition. Hokuyu-kan, Tokyo, 242 pp. [in Japanese]
Tanaka, S. & Abe, T. (1955) Pictorial Descriptions of Thousand Species of Useful Fishes. Morikita Publishing Co.,Ltd., Tokyo, 294 pp. [in Japanese]
Tchang, T. & Wang, W. (1963) Order Pleuronectiformes. In: Chu, Y., Tchang, T. & Cheng, Q. (Eds.), Fishes of the East Sea. Science Press, Beijing, pp. 510–545. [in Chinese]
Tchang, T., Cheng, Q., Zheng, B., Li, S., Zheng, W. & Wang, W. (1994) Fishes of the Yellow and Bohai Seas. The Sueichan Press, Keelung, 353 pp. [in Chinese]
Temminck, C.J. & Schlegel, H. (1846) Pisces. Part X. In: von Siebold, P.F. (Ed.), Fauna Japonica. Lugduni Batavorum, Netherlands, pp. 173–188. [in French]
Tomiyama, I., Abe, M. & Tokioka, T. (1958) Encyclopaedia Zoological Illustrated in Colours, Volume II. Hokuryu-kan, Tokyo, 478 pp. [in Japanese]
Tsuji, K. (2013) An annotated list of fishes from Hakata Island, Ehime Prefecture. Bulletin of the Tokushima Prefectural Museum, 23, 1–21. [in Japanese]
Ueno, T. (1981) Pleuronichthys cornutus. In: Ochiai, A. (Ed.), Gakken Illustrated Nature Encyclopedia, the Fishes of Japan. Gakushu-kenkyusha, Tokyo, pp. 159, 273. [in Japanese]
Uyeno, T. & Sakamoto, K. (2011) Nippon Suisan Gyofu, Scientific Illustrations of Food Fish of the World. Nippon Suisan Kaisha, Ltd., Tokyo, 364 pp. [in Japanese and English]
Wang, K. (1933) Study of the teleost fishes of coastal region of Shangtung, part 1. Contributions from the Biological Laboratory of the Science Society of China, Zoological Series, 9 (1), 1–76.
Wang, Z. (2001) Order Pleuronectiformes. In: Wang, S., Wang, Z., Li, G., Cao, Y., et al. (Eds.), The Fauna of Hebei, Pisces. Hebei Science and Technology Publishing House, Shijiazhuang, pp. 303–326. [in Chinese]
Wang, Y., Tabeta, O., Ren, Y. (1999) Age and growth of the finspotted flounder Pleuronichthys Sp. in the east China Sea [sic]. Journal of Ocean University of Qingdao, 29, 604–610. [in Chinese with English abstract]
Watanabe, K. (1994) Studies on genetic, ecological and morphological differentiation between sibling species of Japanese flat fish (Genus Pleuronichthys). Bulletin of Tokushima Prefectural Fisheries Experimental Station, (extra), pp. 1–73. [in Japanese]
Watanabe, K. & Numachi, K. (1988) Biochemical demonstration and morphological examination of the sibling species of the frog flounder in the eastern part of the Seto Inland Sea. Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi, 54 (5), 765–772. [in Japanese with English abstract]
Watanabe, K., Tamai, K. & Numachi, K. (1992) Feeding habits and distribution pattern of two forms of flatfishes (Genus Pleuronichthys) in Kiisuido Channel waters off the Pacific coast of central Japan. Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi, 58 (12), 2253–2260. [in Japanese with English abstract]
Watanabe, K., Numachi, K., Goto, M., Wada, M., Kobayashi, T. & Kamaishi, T. (1994) Genetic differentiation of two forms of flatfishes, genus Pleuronichthys in Kiisuido Channel waters off the Pacific coast of central Japan, by restriction analysis of mitochondrial DNA. Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi, 60 (4), 515–520. [in Japanese with English abstract]
Watanabe, K., Numachi, K., Jo, Y. & Ueta, Y. (1996a) Sexual maturity, spawning and sex ratio of the two forms of flatfish, genus Pleuronichthys, in Kiisuido Channel Waters off the Pacific Coast of central Japan. Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi, 62 (1), 17–22. [in Japanese with English abstract]
Watanabe, K., Numachi, K., Ueta, Y. & Ishida, Y. (1996b) Morphological characteristics in the two forms of flatfish, genus Pleuronichthys, in Kiisuido Channel waters off the Pacific coast of central Japan. Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi, 62 (1), 23–27. [in Japanese with English abstract]
Wu, H. (1929) Study of the fishes of Amoy, part 1. Contributions from the Biological Laboratory of the Science Society of China, Zoological Series, 5 (4), i–vi+1–90.
Wu, H. (1932) Contribution à l'Étude Morphologique, Biologique et Systématique des Poissons Hétérosomes (Pisces Heterosomata) de la Chine. Thèses Présentées à la Faculté des Sciences de l'Université de Paris, Paris, 179 pp. [in French]
Wu, H. (Ed.) (2002) Icthyotoxic and Medical Fishes of China, New Version. China Agriculture Press, Beijing, 679 pp. [in Chinese]
Xu, C. (1990) Order Pleuronectiformes. In: East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute & Chinese Academy of Fisheries Science, Shanghai Fisheries Research Institute (Eds.), Fishes of Shanghai. Shanghai Science and Technology Press, Shanghai, pp. 357–370. [in Chinese]
Yamada, K. & Kudo, T. (1998) Landing fishes of Misaki Fish Market, from Suruga Bay, VII. Natural History Report of Kanagawa, 19, 5–11. [in Japanese]
Yamada, U. (1969) An impression for observation of ambicoloration phenomenon in frog flounder (Pleuronichthys cornutus). Newsletter of Seikai Regional Fisheries Research Laboratory, 30, 2–3. [in Japanese]
Yamada, U. (1986) Family Pleuronectidae. In: Yamada, U., Tagawa, M., Kishida, S., Hongo, K. (Eds.), Fishes of the East China Sea and the Yellow Sea. Seikai Regional Fisheries Research Laboratory, Nagasaki, pp. 378–401. [in Japanese]
Yamada, U., Shirai, S., Irie, T., Tokimura, M., Deng, S., Zheng, Y., Li, C., Kim, Y. & Kim Y. (1995) Names and Illustrations of Fishes from the East China Sea and the Yellow Sea. Oversea Fishery Cooperation Foundation, Tokyo, 288 pp.
Yamada, U., Tokimura, M., Horikawa, H. & Nakabo, T. (2007) Fishes and Fisheries of the East China and Yellow Seas. Tokai University Press, Hadano, 1262 pp. [in Japanese]
Yao, Z. & Yoshida, N. (2006) Trading Fishes and Shellfishes from China. Seizando-shoten Publishing. Co.,Ltd., Tokyo, 142 pp. [in Japanese]
Yamanaka, T. & Ito, K. (2014) Additional records and revisions to the revised catalog of the fishes collected from the waters of Aomori Prefecture–I. Bulletin of Aomori Prefectural Industrial Technology Research Center, 8, 1–10. [in Japanese with English abstract]
Yokogawa, K. (2015) Morphological differences between two closely related East Asian flatfish species of the genus Pleuronichthys, with particular emphasis on growth-related changes. Ichthyological Research, 62 (4), 474–486.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10228-015-0462-y
Yokogawa, K. (2016) A long-finned variant of the flounder Pleuronichthys lighti from Tokyo Bay, Japan. Ichthyological Research, 63 (1), 192–196.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10228-015-0469-4
Yokogawa, K. & Watanabe, K. (2011) Squamatological differences between two closely related flatfish species of the genus Pleuronichthys (Pleuronectidae, Pleuronectiformes), with a proposal of unambiguous distinctive characters. Ichthyological Research, 58 (1), 24–32.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10228-010-0186-y
Yokogawa, K., Ogihara, G. & Watanabe, K. (2014) Identity of the lectotype of the East Asian flatfish Pleuronichthys cornutus (Temminck and Schlegel 1846) and reinstatement of Pleuronichthys lighti Wu 1929. Ichthyological Research, 61 (4), 385–392.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10228-014-0405-z
Yoo, J. & Lee, M. (1995) Marine fishes around Cheju Island. Cheju Provincial Office of Education, Cheju, 248 pp. [in Korean]
Yoshino, Y. (1999) Yama-kei Pocket Guide 8, Marine Fishes. Yama-to-keikokusha, Tokyo, 284 pp. [in Japanese]
Youn, C. (2002) Fishes of Korea with Pictorial Key and Systematic List. Academy Publishing Company, Seoul, 747 pp. [in Korean]
Zhang, H., Gao, T., Xu, H. & Li, P. (2011a) A new record of Pleuronichthys in China: Pleuronichthys japonicus. Periodical of Ocean University of China, 41 (1/2), 51–54. [in Chinese with English summary]
Zhang, H., Zhang, Y., Gao, T., Li, P. & Xu, H. (2011b) Genetic identification of two species of Pleuronichthys by DNA barcoding. Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology, 29 (5), 967–972.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00343-011-0040-8
Zhao, S. & Zhong, J. (2006) Colored Encyclopedia of Fishes in Zhoushan Waters. Zhejiang Science and Technology Press, Hangzhou, 200 pp. [in Chinese]
Zheng, B. (1955) Order Pleuronectiformes. In: Tchang, T., Cheng, C., Cheng, B., Li, S., Cheng, W. & Wang, W. (Eds.), Survey Report on Fishes from the Yellow and Bohai Seas. Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, pp. 274–305. [in Chinese]
Zheng, B. (1962) Order Pleuronectiformes. In: Institute of Zoology Academia Sinica, Institute of Oceanology Academia Sinica, Shanghai Fisheries College (Ed.), Fishes of South China Sea, Science Press, Beijing, pp. 950–1014. [in Chinese]