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Issue: Vol. 4268 No. 3: 17 May 2017
Type: Article
Published: 2017-05-17
DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4268.3.2
Page range: 337–359
Abstract views: 107
PDF downloaded: 1

Description of a new species of Gymnotocinclus from the rio Tocantins basin with phylogenetic analysis of the subfamily Hypoptopomatinae (Siluriformes: Loricariidae)

Universidade Estadual Paulista, Departamento de Morfologia, Laboratório de Biologia e Genética de Peixes, municipality of Botucatu, São Paulo State, Brazil
Universidade Estadual Paulista, Departamento de Morfologia, Laboratório de Biologia e Genética de Peixes, municipality of Botucatu, São Paulo State, Brazil
Universidade Estadual Paulista, Departamento de Morfologia, Laboratório de Biologia e Genética de Peixes, municipality of Botucatu, São Paulo State, Brazil
Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Departamento de Biologia, Núcleo de Pesquisas em Limnologia, Ictiologia e Aquicultura (Nupelia), municipality of Maringá, Paraná State, Brazil
Cascudinhos catfish freshwater fishes molecular phylogeny taxonomy Pisces

Abstract

Gymnotocinclus canoeiro n. sp. of the Hypoptopomatinae is described from small tributaries of the upper rio Tocantins basin. It is distinguished from G. anosteos by having five characters: (1) the presence of body dermal plates, (2) the pectoral girdle not exposed in ventral view, (3) the pelvic spine longer than pectoral spine in males, (4) the pectoral fin with seven to eight branched rays, and (5) the presence of an adipose fin. Furthermore, maximum likelihood (ML) analysis was used to estimate a molecular phylogeny from previously published data of one nuclear (F-Reticulon 4) and three mitochondrial (16S RNA, COI and CytB) genes. The phylogenetic results revealed the new species as a sister taxon of Gymnotocinclus anosteos within the Otothyrini. We also included samples of Nannoplecostomus eleonorae that appeared sister group to all other Neoplecostomini species, and Plesioptopoma curvidens that appeared within the Neoplecostomini forming a sister clade to all species of Neoplecostomus, except N. ribeirensis and the species of Pareiorhina, except P. rudolphi.

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