Abstract
During surveys in the Galicia Bank (northeastern Atlantic) in the years 2010–2011 (INDEMARES project), 25 species of scleractinian corals corals were collected in a depth interval of 744–1764 m. Most interesting species are described and depicted. Additionally, species list and remarks are given for the 23 species dredged in the bank during the 1987 SEAMOUNT 1 expedition at 675–1125 m depth.
From a literature review and new records from Galicia Bank given herein, 31 species of scleractinian corals are known from this seamount in a depth interval of 614–1764 m depth. Six are colonial and 25 solitary, with 17 occurring on hard bottoms and 14 on soft bottoms. Desmophyllum dianthus, Lophelia pertusa and Madrepora oculata are the most widely distributed species in both number of stations and depth range of specimens collected alive. Some species were recorded outside their previously known bathymetric ranges in the northeastern Atlantic. Javania pseudoalabastra is first documented for the Iberian Peninsula and Spanish faunas. Thrypticotrochus sp. is first collected from the Atlantic Ocean.
References
Addamo, A.M. (2014) Sistemática y filogeografía del coral de profundidad Desmophyllum dianthus (Anthozoa, Hexacorallia): indicios morfológicos y moleculares. PhD Thesis, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, 359 pp.
Addamo, A.M., Vertino, A., Stolarski, J., García-Jiménez, R., Taviani, M. & Machordom, A. (2016) Merging scleractinian genera: the overwhelming genetic similarity between solitary Desmophyllum and colonial Lophelia. BMC Evolutionary Biology, 16, 1078.
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12862-016-0654-8Aguirrezabalaga, F., Altuna, A., Borja, A., Feliú, J., García Carrascosa, A. M., Romero, A., San Vicente, C., Torres, L. A., Uriz, M. J. & Ibáñez, M. (1984) Contribución al conocimiento de la fauna marina de la Costa Vasca II. Lurralde, 7, 83–133.
Aguirrezabalaga, F., Altuna, A., Martínez de Murguía, A., Romero, A., Zaballa, K. & Ibáñez, M. (1987) Contribución al conocimiento de la fauna marina de la Costa Vasca V. Lurralde, 10, 109–128.
Altuna, A. (1995) El orden Scleractinia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) en la costa vasca (Golfo de Vizcaya); especies batiales de la fosa de Capbretón. Munibe, 47, 85–96.
Altuna, A. (2010) Listado de los cnidarios bentónicos (phylum Cnidaria) del Golfo de Vizcaya y zonas próximas (Atlántico NE) (42ºN a 48º30’N y 10ºW). Proyecto Fauna Ibérica, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, Madrid, 27 pp.
Altuna, A. (2012) Escleractinias (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Scleractinia) obtenidas en las campañas INDEMARES 2010–2011 en el Cañón de Avilés (Golfo de Vizcaya, Atlántico NE). Revista de Investigación Marina, 19, 399–403.
Altuna, A. (2013) Scleractinia (Cnidaria: Anthozoa) from ECOMARG 2003, 2008 and 2009 expeditions to bathyal waters off north and northwest Spain (northeast Atlantic). Zootaxa, 3641 (2), 101–128.
https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3641.2.1Altuna, A. (2015) Cnidarios bentónicos (Cnidaria) del Golfo de Vizcaya y zonas próximas (Atlántico NE) (42ºN a 48º30’N y 13ºW). Lista de especies, batimetría y anotaciones. Proyecto Fauna Ibérica, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, Madrid, 44 pp.
Altuna, A. & Ríos, P. (2014) Scleractinia (Cnidaria: Anthozoa) from INDEMARES 2010–2012 expeditions to the Avilés Canyon System (Bay of Biscay, Spain, northeast Atlantic). Helgoland Marine Research, 68, 399–430.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10152-014-0398-zAltuna Prados, A. (1994a) Estudio faunístico, ecológico y biogeográfico de los cnidarios bentónicos de la costa vasca. PhD Thesis, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, 769 pp., pls. 1–19.
Altuna Prados, A. (1994b) Observaciones biogeográficas sobre los cnidarios bentónicos de la costa vasca. Kobie, 22, 41–57.
Altuna Prados, A. (1994c) El orden Scleractinia (Cnidaria: Anthozoa) en la costa vasca; consideraciones generales y especies litorales. Kobie, 22, 67–82.
Álvarez Claudio, C. (1993) Hidrozoos bentónicos y catálogo de antozoos de la plataforma y talud continentales de la costa central de Asturias. PhD Thesis, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, 458 pp., 33 pls.
Álvarez Claudio, C. (1994) Deep-water Scleractinia (Cnidaria: Anthozoa) from southern Biscay Bay. Cahiers de Biologie Marine, 35, 461–469.
Bouchet, P. (1987) SEAMOUNT 1 cruise, RV Le Noroit. Available from: http://campagnes.flotteoceanographique.fr/campagnes/87003011/ (accessed 5 October 2017)
Braga-Henriques, A., Porteiro, F.M., Ribeiro, P.A., de Matos, V., Sampaio, Í., Ocaña, O. & Santos, R.S. (2013) Diversity, distribution and spatial structure of the cold-water coral fauna of the Azores (NE Atlantic). Biogeosciences, 10, 4009–4036.
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-4009-2013Brito, A. & Ocaña, O. (2004) Corales de las Islas Canarias. Antozoos con esqueleto de los fondos litorales y profundos. Francisco Lemus, La Laguna, 477 pp.
Cairns, S.D. (1977) Deep-water corals. Sea Frontiers, 23, 84–89.
Cairns, S.D. (1979) The deep-water Scleractina of the Caribbean Sea and adjacent waters. Studies on the Fauna of Curaçao and other Caribbean Islands, 57, 1–341, pls. 1–40.
Cairns, S.D. (1982) Antarctic and Subantarctic Scleractinia. Antarctic Research Series, 34, pls. 1–74.
Cairns, S.D. (1989) A revision of the ahermatypic Scleractinia of the Philippine Islands and adjacent waters, part 1: Fungiacyathidae, Micrabaciidae, Turbinoliinae, Guyniidae, and Flabellidae. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, 486, 1–136, pls. 1–42.
https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00810282.486Cairns, S.D. (1991) A revision of the ahermatypic Scleractinia of the Galápagos and Cocos Islands. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, 504, 1–32, pls. 1–12.
https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00810282.504Cairns S.D. (1994) Scleractinia of the Temperate North Pacific. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, 557, 1–107, pls. 1–42.
https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00810282.557.iCairns, S.D. (1995) The marine fauna of New Zealand: Scleractinia (Cnidaria: Anthozoa). New Zealand Oceanographic Institute Memoir, 103, 1–210, pls. 1–44.
Cairns, S.D. (1997) A generic revision and phylogenetic analysis of the Turbinoliidae (Cnidaria: Scleractinia). Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, 591, 1–55, pls. 1–10.
https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00810282.591Cairns, S.D. (1999) Cnidaria Anthozoa: Deep-water azooxanthellate Scleractinia from Vanuatu, and Wallis and Futuma Islands. In: Crosnier, A. (Ed.), Résultats des Campagnes Musorstrom. Vol. 20. Mémoires du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, 180, pp. 31–167.
Cairns, S.D. (2000) A revision of the shallow-water azooxanthellate Scleractinia of the Western Atlantic. Studies on the Natural History of the Caribbean Region, 75, 1–240.
Cairns, S.D. (2004) The azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Coelenterata: Anthozoa) of Australia. Records of the Australian Museum, 56, 259-329.
https://doi.org/10.3853/j.0067-1975.56.2004.1434Cairns, S.D. (2007) Deep-water corals: an overview with special reference to diversity and distribution of deep-water scleractinian corals. Bulletin of Marine Science, 81, 311–322.
Cairns, S.D. & Chapman, R.E. (2001) Biogeographic affinities of the North Atlantic deep-water Scleractinia. In: Willison, J.H.M., Hall, J., Gass, S.E., Kenchington, E.L.R., Butler, M. & Doherty, P. (Eds.), Proceedings of the First International Symposium on Deep-Sea Corals. Action Centre, Halifax, pp. 30–57.
Cairns, S.D. & Hoeksema, B. (2017) Caryophyllia (Caryophyllia) sarsiae Zibrowius, 1974. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species. Available from: http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=135142 (accessed 28 September 2017)
Cairns, S.D. & Keller, N.B. (1993) New taxa and distributional records of azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from the tropical south-west Indian Ocean with comments on their zoogeography and ecology. Annals of the South African Museum, 103, 213–292.
Cairns, S.D. & Parker, S.A. (1992) Review of the Recent Scleractinia (stony corals) of South Australia, Victoria and Tasmanaia. Records of the South Australian Museum, Monograph Series, 3, 1–82.
Cocito, S. (2004) Bioconstruction and biodiversity: their mutual influence. Scientia Marina, 68 (Supplement 1), 137–144.
https://doi.org/10.3989/scimar.2004.68s1137Copard, K., Colin, C., Douville, E., Freiwald, A., Gudmundsson, G., De Mol, B. & Frank, N. (2010) Nd isotopes in deep-sea corals in the North-eastern Atlantic. Quaternary Science Reviews, 29, 458–470.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2010.05.025Copley, J.T.P., Tyler, P.A., Sheader, M., Murton, B.J. & German, C.R. (1996) Megafauna from sublittoral to abyssal depths along the Mid-Atlantic Ridge south of Iceland. Oceanologica Acta, 19, 549–559.
Cristobo, J., Ríos, P., Pomponi, S.A. & Xavier, J. (2014) A new carnivorous sponge, Chondrocladia robertballardi sp. nov. (Porifera: Cladorhizidae) from two north-east Atlantic seamounts. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 95, 1345–1352.
https://doi.org/10.1017/S0025315414001325De la Torriente, A., Serrano, A., Druet, M., Gómez-Ballesteros, M., Acosta, J., Parra, S., Lourido, A., Fernández, Feijoo, J., Ruiz-Villarreal, M., González-Pola, C., Vázquez, C., Cristobo, J., Ríos, P., Valeiras, X., Fernández, P., Arronte, J.C., Blanco, M., Frutos, I., Punzón, A., Rodríguez-Cabello, C., Bañón, R., Preciado, I., Cartes, J.E., Papiol, V., Arcos, J.M., López, A., Martínez Cedeira, J.A., Sánchez, F., García-Alegre, A. &Tello, O. (2014) Áreas de estudio del proyecto LIFE+ INDEMARES. Proyecto LIFE+ INDEMARES. Gobierno de España. Ministerio de Agricultura, Alimentación y Medio Ambiente, Fundación Biodiversidad, Madrid, 100 pp.
Dennant, J. (1906) Madreporaria from the Australia and New Zealand coasts. Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia, 30, 151–165, pls. 5–6.
Duchassaing de Fonbressin, P. & Michelotti, J. (1864) Supplement au Mémoire sur les Coralliaires des Antilles. Mémoires de l’Académie des Sciences de Turin, Series 2, 19, 279–365, pls. 1–11.
https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.105196Duinevald, G.C.A., Lavaleye, M.S.S. & Berghuis, E.M. (2004) Particle flux and food supply to a seamount cold water community (Galicia Bank, NW Spain). Marine Ecology Progress Series, 277, 13–23.
https://doi.org/10.3354/meps277013Duncan, P.M. (1873) A description of the Madreporaria dredged up during the expeditions of “H. M. S. Porcupine” in 1869 and 1870. Part I. Transactions of the Zoological Society of London, 8, 303–344, pls. 39–49.
Ercilla, G., Casas, D., Vázquez, J.T., Iglesias, J., Somoza, L., Juan, C., Medialdea, T., León, R., Estrada, F., García-Gil, S., Farran, M., Bohoyo, F., García, M., Maestro, A. & ERGAP Project and Cruise Teams (2011) Imaging the recent sediment dynamics of the Galicia Bank region (Atlantic, NW Iberian Peninsula). Marine Geophysical Research, 32, 99–126.
Esper, E.J.C. (1794) Fortsetzungen der Pflanzenthiere. Vol. 1. Raspe, Nürnberg, 64 pp.
Fiege, D. & Barnich, R. (2009) Polynoidae (Annelida: Polychaeta) associated with cold-water coral reefs of the northeast Atlantic and the Mediterranean Sea. Zoosymposia, 2, 149–162.
Flach, E., Muthumbi, A. & Heip, C. (2002) Meiofauna and macrofauna community structure in relation to sediment composition at the Iberian margin compared to the Goban Spur (NE Atlantic). Progress in Oceanography, 52, 433–457.
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0079-6611(02)00018-6García-Álvarez, O. & Salvini-Plawen, L.V. (2001) Urgorria compostelana gen. et sp. nov. (Mollusca, Solenogastres, Rhopalomeniidae), a new species from off Galicia, Northwest of Spain. Sarsia, 86, 183–189.
https://doi.org/10.1080/00364827.2001.10420474García-Álvarez, O., Salwini-Plawen, L.V. & Urgorri, V. (2001) Unciherpia hirsuta, a new genus and species of aplacophoran (Mollusca: Solenogastres: Pararrhopaliidae) from Galicia, northwest Spain. Journal of Molluscan Studies, 67, 113–119.
https://doi.org/10.1093/mollus/67.1.113García-Álvarez, O. & Urgorri, V. (2001) Luitfriedia minuta gen. et sp. nov. (Mollusca: Solenogastres), a new species from Galicia, North-West Spain. Cahiers de Biologie Marine, 42, 197–202.
Gravier, C. (1915) Note préliminaire sur les Madréporaires recueillis au cours des croisières de la Princesse-Alice et de l’Hirondelle II, de 1893 a 1913 inclusivement. Bulletin de l’Institut Océanographique, Monaco, 12 (304), 1–22.
Gravier, C. (1920) Madréporaires provenant des campagnes des yachts Princesse Alice et Hirondelle II (1893–1913). Résultats des Campagnes Scientifiques du Prince Albert Ier de Monaco, 55, 1–123, pls. 1–16.
Gray, J.E. (1849) Descriptions of some corals, including a new British coral discovered by W. MacAndrew, Esq. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 17, 74–77, pl. 2.
Hall-Spencer, J., Rogers, A., Davies, J. & Foggo, A. (2007) Deep-sea coral distribution on seamounts, oceanic islands, and continental slopes in the Northeast Atlantic. In: George, R.Y. & Cairns, S.D. (Eds.), Conservation and adaptive management of seamount and deep-sea coral ecosystems. Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, University of Miami, Miami, pp. 135–146.
IEO (2014) Caracterización ecológica del área marina del Banco de Galicia. Información final área LIFE+INDEMARES (LIFE 07NAT/E/000732). Instituto Español de Oceanografía, Fundación Biodiversidad, Madrid, 237 pp.
Jourdan, E. (1895) Zoanthaires provenant des campagnes du yacht l'Hirondelle (Golfe de Gascogne, Açores, Terre-Neuve). Résultats des Campagnes Scientifiques du Prince Albert Ier de Monaco, 8, 1–36, pls. 1–2.
Kitahara, M.V. (2007) Species richness and distribution of azooxanthellate scleractinia in Brazil. Bulletin of Marine Science, 81, 497–518.
Kitahara, M.V. & Cairns, S.D. (2009) A revision of the genus Deltocyathus Milne Edwards & Haime, 1848 (Scleractinia, Caryophylliidae) from New Caledonia, with the description of a new species. Zoosystema, 31, 233–248.
Kitahara, M.V., Cairns, S.D. & Miller, D.J. (2010) Monophyletic origin of Caryophyllia (Scleractinia, Caryophylliidae), with descriptions of six new species. Systematics and Biodiversity, 8, 91–118.
Lavaleye, M.S.S., Duinevald, G.C.A., Berghuis, E.M., Kok, A. & Witbaard, R. (2002) A comparison between the megafauna communities on the N.W. Iberian and Celtic continental margins—effects of coastal upwelling? Progress in Oceanography, 52, 459–476.
Lavaleye, M.S.S., Duinevald, G.C.A. & Berghuis, E.M. (1999) Megabenthos, benthic respiration and phytopigments off NW Spain. OMEX-II, Second Annual Report, 8 pp. Available from: https://www.bodc.ac.uk/omex/omexii-ii/report/05d.pdf (accessed 5 October 2017)
Linnaeus, C. (1758) Systema naturae per Regna tria Natrae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species. Tomus I: Regnum animale. Impensis Direct. Laurentii Salvii, Stockholm, 824 pp.
Louzao, M., Anadón, N., Arrontes, J., Álvarez Claudio, C., Fuente, M., Ocharán, F., Anadón, A. & Acuña, J.L. (2010) Historical macrobenthic community assemblages in the Avilés Canyon, N Iberian Shelf: baseline biodiversity information for a marine protected area. Journal of Marine Systems, 80, 47–56, Supplementary data.
at doi: 10.1016/j.jmarsys. 2009.09.006.Marcos, P. & García Varas, J.L. (2006) Galicia Seamount. WWW/Adena.
Marenzeller, E. von (1904) Steinkorallen. Wissenschaftliche Ergebnisse der Deutschen Tiefsee Expedition Valdivia 1898–1899, 7, 261–318, pls. 14–18.
Marion, A.F. (1906) Étude des Coelentérés atlantiques recueillis par la commission de dragages de l’aviso le “Travailleur” durant les campagnes 1880 et 1881. Expéditions Scientifiques du Travailleur et du Talisman pendant les Années 1880, 1881, 1882, 1883, 103–151, pls. 11–17.
Molodtsova, T., Sanamyan, N.P. & Keller, N.B. (2008) Anthozoa from the northern Mid-Atlantic Ridge and Charlie-Gibbs Fracture Zone. Marine Biology Research, 4, 112–130.
https://doi.org/10.1080/17451000701821744Monteiro Marques, V. & Andrade, F. (1981) Contribution à l’étude du bathyal rocheux des cotes ibériques. Arquivos do Museo Bocage, B I (8), 81–96.
Morato, T. & Pauly, D. (Eds.) (2004) Seamounts: Biodiversity and Fisheries. Fisheries Centre Research Reports, 12 (5), 1–78, Appendices 1A–1D.
Moseley, H.N. (1873) Thomson, C.W. Notes from the Challenger. 7. Nature, 8, 400–403.
Pante, E., France, S., Gey, D., Cruaud, C. & Samadi, S. (2015) An inter-ocean comparison of coral endemism on seamounts: the case of Chrysogorgia. Journal of Biogeography, 42, 1907–1918.
https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.12564Pourtalès, L.F. de (1868) Contributions to the fauna of the Gulf Stream at great depths (2d series). Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoölogy, 1, 121–141.
Pourtalès, L.F. de (1878) Reports on the results of dredging, under the supervision of Alexander Agassiz, in the Gulf of Mexico, by the U. S. Coast Survey Steamer “Blake”. Corals. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoölogy, 5, 197–212.
Ramil Blanco, F.J. & Fernández Pulpeiro, E. (1990) Inventario de los Antozoos de Galicia. Boletín de la real Sociedad española de Historia natural, Biología, 86, 17–30.
Reyes, J., Santodomingo, N. & Cairns, S.D. (2009) Caryophylliidae (Scleractinia) from the Colombian Caribbean. Zootaxa, 2262, 1–39.
https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2262.1.1Reveillaud, J., Freiwald, A., Van Rooij, D., Le Guilloux, E., Altuna, A., Foubert, A., Vanreusel, A., Olu-le Roy, K. & Henriet, J.P. (2008) The distribution of scleractinian corals in the Bay of Biscay, NE Atlantic. Facies, 54, 317–331.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10347-008-0138-4Roule, L. (1896) Coelentérés. Resultats scientifiques de la campagne du “Caudan” dans le Golfe de Gascogne, août-septembre 1895. Annales de l’Université de Lyon, 26, 299–323.
Sánchez, F. (2009) ECOMARG 09. Plan de Campaña. Proyecto ECOMARG-3. Seguimiento del AMP de “El Cachucho” e identificación de ecosistemas relevantes en las plataformas de Galicia y Mar Cantábrico. Gobierno de España, Ministerio de Medio Ambiente Rural y Marino, Madrid, 15 pp.
Sánchez Delgado, F. & Serrano, A. (2010) INDEMARES 0710. Plan de campaña. Gobierno de España, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación, Madrid, 18 pp.
Schröder-Ritzrau, A., Freiwald, A. & Mangini, A. (2005) U/Th-dating of deep-water corals from the eastern North Atlantic and the western Mediterranean Sea. In: Freiwald, A. & Roberts, J.M. (Eds.), Cold-water corals and ecosystems. Springer Heidelberg, pp. 157–172.
https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-27673-4_8Sclater, W.L. (1886) On a new Madreporarian coral of the genus Stephanotrochus from the British seas, with notes on its anatomy. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1886, 128–136, pls. 12–14.
Serrano, A. (2011) INDEMARES 0711. Plan de campaña. Gobierno de España, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación, Madrid, 18 pp.
Serrano, A., Cartes, J.E., Papiol, V., Punzón, A., García-Alegre, A., Arronte, J.C., Ríos, P., Lourido, A., Frutos, I. & Blanco, M. (2017a) Epibenthic communities of sedimentary habitats in a NE Atlantic deep seamount (Galicia Bank). Journal of Sea Research https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seares.2017.03.004
Serrano, A., González-Irusta, J.M., Punzón, A., García-Alegre, A,Lourido, A., Ríos, P., Blanco, M., Gómez-Ballesteros, M., Druet, M., Cristobo, J. & Cartes, J.E. (2017b) Deep-sea benthic habitats modeling and mapping in a NE Atlantic seamount (Galicia Bank). Deep-Sea Research I, 126, 115–127.
Somoza, L., Ercilla, G., Urgorri, V., León, R., Medialdea, T., Paredes, M., González, F.J. & Nombela, M.A. (2014) Detection and mapping of cold-water coral mounds and living Lophelia reefs in the Galicia Bank, Atlantic NW Iberia margin. Marine Geology, 349, 73–90.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.margeo.2013.12.017Taviani, M., Angeletti, L., Dimech, M., Mifsud, C., Freiwald, A., Harasevych, M.G. & Oliverio, M. (2009) Coralliophilinae (Gastropoda: Muricidae) associated with deep-water coral banks in the Mediterranean. The Nautilus, 123, 106–112.
Tu, T.H., Altuna, A. & Jeng, M.S. (2015) Coralliidae (Anthozoa: Octocorallia) from INDEMARES 2010 deep-water expedition to north and northwestern Spain (northeastern Atlantic), with delimit of a new species through both morphological and molecular approaches. Zootaxa, 3926, 301–328.
Vaughan, T.W. (1906) Reports on the scientific results of the expedition to the eastern tropical Pacific by the U.S. Fish Commission Steamer Albatross from October, 1904, to March, 1905. Part 6: Madreporaria. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoölogy, Harvard 50, 61–72, pls. 1–10.
Wells, J.W. (1983) Annotated list of the scleractinian corals of the Galápagos. In: Glynn, P.W. & Wellington, G.M. (Eds.), Corals and coral reefs of the Galápagos Islands. University of California Press, Berkley, pp. 213–291.
Zamarro, M., García-Álvarez, O. & Urgorri, V. (2015) New anatomical and biogeographical data on Solenogastres Cavibelonia from the Galician Continental margin (NW Spain). Iberus, 33, 1–26.
Zibrowius, H. (1974a) Caryophyllia sarsiae n. sp. and other recent deep-water Caryophyllia (Scleractinia) previously referred to little known fossil species (C. arcuata, C. cylindracea). Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 54, 769–784, pls. 1–3.
Zibrowius, H. (1974b) Révision du genre Javania et considérations générales sur les Flabellidae (Scléractiniaires). Bulletin de l’Institut Océanographique, Monaco, 71 (1429), 1–48.
Zibrowius H. (1980) Les Scléractiniaires de la Méditerranée et de l'Atlantique nord-oriental. Mémoires de l’Institut océanographique, Monaco, 11, 1–284, pls. 1–107.
Zibrowius, H. (1985) Scleractiniaires. In: Laubier, L. & Monniot, C. (Eds.), Peuplements profonds du Golfe de Gascogne, Campagnes Biogas. Ifremer, Brest, pp. 311–324.
Zibrowius, H. & Gili, J.M. (1990) Deep-water Scleractinia (Cnidaria: Anthozoa) from Namibia, South Africa, and Walvis Ridge, southeastern Atlantic. Scientia Marina, 54, 19–46.
Zibrowius, H. & Grygier, M.J. (1985) Diversity and range of scleractinian coral hosts of Ascothoracida (Crustacea: Maxillopoda). Annales de l'Institut Océanographique, Paris, 61, 115–138.
Zibrowius, H., Southward, E.C. & Day, J.H. (1975) New observations on a little-known species of Lumbrineris (Polychaeta) living on various Cnidarians, with notes on its recent and fossil Scleractinian hosts. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 55, 83–108, pls. 1–5.