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Issue: Vol. 4379 No. 1: 13 Feb. 2018
Type: Article
Published: 2018-02-13
DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4379.1.1
Page range: 1–23
Abstract views: 127
PDF downloaded: 4

On the brink of extinction: two new species of Anomaloglossus from French Guiana and amended definitions of Anomaloglossus degranvillei and A. surinamensis (Anura: Aromobatidae)

Laboratoire Ecologie, Evolution, Interactions des Systèmes Amazoniens (LEEISA), USR3456, Cayenne, French Guiana Laboratoire Evolution et Diversité Biologique (EDB), UMR5174, Toulouse, France PLECO, Antwerp University, Antwerp, Belgium
Laboratoire Evolution et Diversité Biologique (EDB), UMR5174, Toulouse, France
Laboratoire Ecologie, Evolution, Interactions des Systèmes Amazoniens (LEEISA), USR3456, Cayenne, French Guiana PLECO, Antwerp University, Antwerp, Belgium
Reserve Naturelle Trésor, Cayenne, French Guiana
Sylvétude, Office National des Forêts, Réserve de Montabo BP 7002 97307 Cayenne, French Guiana
Laboratoire Ecologie, Evolution, Interactions des Systèmes Amazoniens (LEEISA), USR3456, Cayenne, French Guiana
National Zoological Collection Suriname (NZCS), Anton de Kom University of Suriname, Paramaribo, Suriname
National Zoological Collection Suriname (NZCS), Anton de Kom University of Suriname, Paramaribo, Suriname
Amphibian Evolution Lab, Biology Department, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 2 Pleinlaan. B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
Amphibia Amazonia conservation decline endemism Guiana Shield taxonomy

Abstract

A large portion of the amphibian species occurring in Amazonia remains undescribed. A recent study on species delineation in Anomaloglossus, a genus endemic to the Guiana Shield, demonstrated the existence of two undescribed species previously identified as A. degranvillei, which we describe herein. In addition to divergence at the molecular level, these two new taxa are also distinguished by subtle morphological characters and substantial differences in the advertisement calls (note length, dominant frequency, note structure). One species occurs in the hilly lowlands of north-eastern French Guiana and is mainly distinguished from its closest relatives by a small body size (15.9–18.8 mm in males) and by vocalisations characterized by the emission of short notes of 0.09 s on average. The other species is only known from the Itoupé Massif in southern French Guiana and is mainly distinguished from its closest relatives by a moderate body size (19.4–20.4 mm in males) and by vocalisations characterized by the emission of long notes of 0.23 s on average. We also provide amended definitions for two previously described species in the A. degranvillei species group: A. degranvillei, which is endemic to a few massifs in central French Guiana, and A. surinamensis, which is distributed throughout Suriname and French Guiana. The new species described here and A. degranvillei have very narrow ranges within French Guiana and seem to have rapidly declined during the last decade. Therefore, we suggest A. degranvillei and A. dewynteri to be considered as “Critically Endangered” and A. blanci as “Vulnerable” according to the IUCN standards.

 

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