Abstract
The fishes of the genus Epigonus Rafinesque, 1810 in the Western Indian Ocean (including the Red Sea and the Gulf of Aden) are reviewed. Twelve species of the genus are recognized: Epigonus angustifrons Abramov & Manilo, 1987; E. denticulatus Dieuzeide, 1950; E. elongatus Parin & Abramov, 1986; E. exodon Okamoto & Motomura, 2012; E. lenimen (Whitley, 1935); E. macrops (Brauer, 1906); E. marimonticolus Parin & Abramov, 1986; E. marisrubri Krupp, Zajonz & Khalaf, 2009; E. pectinifer Mayer, 1974; E. robustus (Barnard, 1927); E. telescopus (Risso, 1810); E. waltersensis Parin & Abramov, 1986, and two new species, E. bispinosus n. sp. and E. idai n. sp. Epigonus bispinosus and E. idai belong to the E. constanciae group, defined as having a pungent opercular spine, more than 45 pored lateral-line scales, and lacking an isolated dorsal fin spine between the first- and second dorsal fins. Epigonus bispinosus differs from other members of the group in having two small spines on the symphysis of lower jaw, a pair of ribs on the last abdominal vertebra, 10 + 15 vertebrae, 31–33 gill rakers and lacking a maxillary mustache-like process. Epigonus idai differs from other members of the group in having a pair of ribs on the last abdominal vertebra, 4–5 tiny projections present on symphysis of lower jaw, 10 + 15 vertebrae, strongly ctenoid scales, and 28–29 gill rakers, and in lacking a maxillary mustache-like process. A key to the species, photographs, diagnoses, and distributions in the Western Indian Ocean are given.
References
Abramov, A.A. (1992) Species composition and distribution of Epigonus (Epigonidae) in the world ocean. Journal of Ichthyology, 32, 94–108.
Abramov, A.A. & Manilo, L.G. (1987) Epigonus angustifrons sp. n., a new cardinal fish (Perciformes, Apogonidae) from submarine mountain ridges in the subtropical zone of the Indian Ocean. Bulletin of the Moscow Society of Naturalists Biological Series, 92, 45–48. [in Russian, English summary]
Ahlstrom, E.H., Butler, J.L. & Sumida, B.Y. (1976) Pelagic stromateoid fishes (Pisces, Perciformes) of the eastern Pacific: kinds, distributions, and early life histories and observations on five of these from the North-west Atlantic. Bulletin of Marine Science, 26, 285–402.
Allen, G.R. & Cross, N. (1989) Apogonidae. In: Paxton, J.R., Hoese, D.F., Allen, G.R. & Hanley, J.E. (Eds.), Zoological Catalogue of Australia. 7. Pisces. Petromyzontidae to Carangidae. Australian Government Publishing Service, Canberra, pp. 544–549.
Arruda, L.M. (1997) Checklist of the marine fishes of the Azores. Arquivos do Museu Bocage, Nova Série, 3 (2), 13–162.
Bañon, R., Villegas-Ríos, D., Serrano, A., Mucientes, G. & Arronte, J.C. (2010) Marine fishes from Galicia (NW Spain): an updated checklist. Zootaxa, 2667, 1–27.
Bañon, R., Arronte, J.C., Rodriguez-Cabello, C., Piñeiro, C.-G., Punzon, A. & Serrano, A. (2016) Commented checklist of marine fishes from the Galicia Bank seamount (NW Spain). Zootaxa, 4067 (3), 293–333.
https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4067.3.2Barnard, K.H. (1927) Diagnoses of new genera and species of South African marine fishes. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 9, 20 (115), 66–79.
https://doi.org/10.1080/00222932708655566Biagi, F., Sartor, P., Ardizzone, G., Belcari, P., Belluscio, A. & Serena, F. (2002) Analysis of demersal assemblages off the Tuscany and Latium coast (north-western Mediterranean). Scientia Marina, 66 (Supplement 2), 233–242.
https://doi.org/10.3989/scimar.2002.66s2233Bianchi, G., Carpenter, K.E., Roux, J.-P., Molloy, F.J., Boyer, D. & Boyer, H.J. (Eds.) (1999) FAO Species Identification Field Guide for Fishery Purposes. The Living Marine Resources of Namibia. FAO, Rome, 256 pp.
Bilecenoglu, M., Taskavak, E., Mater, S. & Kaya, M. (2002) Checklist of the marine fishes of Turkey. Zootaxa, 113, 1–194.
https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.113.1.1Brauer, A. (1906) Die Tiefsee-Fische. I. Systematischer Teil. In: Chun, C. (Ed.), Wissenschaftliche Ergebnisse der Deutschen Tiefsee-Expedition “Valdivia”, 1898–99. Vol. 15. Gustav Fischer, Jena, 432 pp., 18 pls.
Capello, F.B. (1868) Peixes novos de Portugal e da Africa occidental e caractéres distinctivos d’outras especies já conhecidas. Jornal do Sciências Mathemáticas, Physicas e Naturaes, Lisboa, 1 (2), 154–169.
Chen, C.-H. (1980) Primary studies of demersal fish resources investigation on trawl grounds at Kanmu Seamounts. Bulletin of Taiwan Fisheries Research Institute, 32, 317–338, figs. 1–2, pls. I–VIII.
Cocco, A. (1829) Su di alcuni nuovi pesci de’ mari di Messina. Giornale di Scienze Lettere e Arti per La Sicilia Anno 7, 26 (77), 138–147.
Cocco, A. (1885) Indice Ittiologico del Mare di Messina. Naturalista Siciliano, 4(4), 85–88.
Cuvier, G. (1828) Des pomatomes. In: Cuvier, G. & Valenciennes, A. (Eds.), Histoire Naturelle des Poissons. Tome Second. Levrault, F.G., Paris, pp. 169–174.
Dieuzeide, R. (1950) Sur un Epigonus nouveau de la Méditerranée (Epigonus denticulatus nov. sp.). Bulletin des Travaux Publiés par la Station d’Aquiculuture et de Pêche de Castiglione, 2, 87–105.
Dunn, M.R. (2009) Review and stock assessment of black cardinalfish (Epigonus telescopus) on the east coast North Island, New Zealand. New Zealand Fisheries Assessment Report 2009/39, 1–55.
Fowler, H.W. (1936) The marine fishes of West Africa based on the collection of the American Museum Congo Expedition, 1909–1915. Bulletin American Museum of Natural History, 70 (2), 607–1493.
Fricke, R. (1999) Fishes of the Mascarene Islands (Réunion, Mauritius, Rodriguez). An Annotated Checklist with Descriptions of New Species. Koeltz Scientific Books, Koenigstein, viii + 759 pp.
Fricke, R. (2017) Epigonus okamotoi, a new species of deepwater cardinalfish from New Britain, Papua New Guinea, Solomon Sea, western Pacific Ocean (Teleostei: Epigonidae). Fishtaxa, 2 (3), 116–122.
Fricke, R. & Eschmeyer, W.N. (2017) Guide to Fish Collections. Electronic Version. Available from: http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/collections.asp (accessed 10 April 2017)
Fricke, R., Bilecenoglu, M. & Sari, H.M. (2007) Annotated checklist of fish and lamprey species (Gnathostoma and Petromyzontomorphi) of Turkey, including a Red List of threatened and declining species. Suttgarter Beiträge zur Naturkunde, Serie A (Biologie), 706, 1–169.
Fricke, R., Mulochau, T., Durville, P., Chabanet, P., Tessier, E. & Letourneur, Y. (2009) Annotated checklist of the fish species (Pisces) of La Réunion, including a Red List of threatened and declining species. Suttgarter Beiträge zur Naturkunde Serie A, Neue Serie, 2, 1–168.
Fujii, E. (1983) Genus Epigonus. In: Uyeno, T., Matsuura, K. & Fujii, E. (Eds.), Fishes trawled off Suriname and French Guiana. Japan Marine Fishery Resource Research Center, Tokyo, pp. 322–323.
Gomon, M.F., Bray, D.J. & Kuiter, R.H. (Eds.) (2008) Fishes of Australian’s Southern Coast. New Holland Publishers, Sydney, 928 pp.
Gomon, M.F., Glover, J.C.M. & Kuiter, R.H. (1994) The Fishes of Australia’s South Coast. Flora and Fauna of South Australia Handbooks Committee. Adelaide, 992 pp.
Gon, O. (1986) Family No. 175: Apogonidae. In: Smith, M.M. & Heemstra, P.C. (Eds.), Smiths’ Sea Fishes. Macmillan South Africa Ltd, Johannesburg, pp. 546–561.
Gon, O. (1999) Epigonidae. In: Carpenter, K.E. & Niem, V.H. (Eds.), FAO Species Identification Guide for Fishery Purposes. The Living Marine Resources of the Western Central Pacific. Volume 4. Bony Fishes Part 2 (Mugilidae to Carangidae). FAO, Rome, pp. 2611–2613.
Gon, O. (2000) Family Epigonidae. In: Randall, J.E. & Lim, K.K.P. (Eds.), A checklist of the fishes of the South China Sea. The Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, 8 (Supplement), pp. 614.
Gon, O. (2003) Epigonidae. In: Carpenter, K.E. (Ed.), The Living Marine Resources of the Western Central Atlantic. Vol. 3. Bony Fishes Part 2 (Opistognathidae to Moridae). FAO Species Identification Guide for Fishery Purposes and American Society of Ichthyologist and Herpetologists Special Publication No. 5. FAO, Rome, pp. 1392–1394.
Gon, O. (2016) Epigonidae. In: Carpenter, K.E. & De Angelis, N. (Eds.), The Living Marine Resources of the Eastern Central Atlantic. Vol. 4. Bony Fishes Part 2 (Perciformes to Tetraodontiformes) and Sea Turtles. FAO, Rome, pp. 2429–2434.
Gon, O. & Skelton, P.H. (1997) A history of the fish collections of South Africa. In: Pietsch, T.W. & Anderson, W.D. Jr. (Eds.), Collection Building in Ichthyology and Herpetology. American Society of Ichthyologists and Herpetologists, Special Publication No. 3, pp. 133–168.
Goode, G.B. & Bean, T.H. (1896) Oceanic ichthyology, a treatise on the deep-sea and pelagic fishes of the world, based chiefly upon the collections made by the steamers Blake, Albatross, and Fish Hawk in the north-western Atlantic, with an atlas containing 417 figures. Special Bulletin US National Museum, 2, 1–553.
Günther, A. (1859) Catalogue of the Fishes in the British Museum. Catalogue of the Acanthopterygian Fishes, in the Collection of the British Museum. Gasterosteidae, Berycidae, Percidae, Aphredoderidae, Pristipomatidae, Mullidae, Sparidae. Vol. 1. Trustees of the British Museum, London, xxxi + 524 pp.
Günther, A. (1880) An Introduction to the Study of Fishes. Adam & Charles Black, Edinburgh, 720 pp.
Hayashi, M. (2002) 232. Epigonidae. In: Nakabo, T. (Ed.), Fishes of Japan with Pictorial Keys to the Species, English Edition. Tokai University Press, Tokyo, pp. 780–781.
Hayashi, M. (2013) 227. Epigonidae. In: Nakabo, T. (Ed.), Fishes of Japan with Pictorial Keys to the Species, Third Edition. Tokai University Press, Hadano, pp. 865–866.
Hoese, D.F., Bray, D.J., Allen, G.R. & Cross, N.J. (2006) Epigonidae. Deepsea cardinalfishes, deepwater cardinalfishes. In: Hoese, D.F., Bray, D.J., Paxton, J.R. & Allen, G.R. (Eds.), Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Vol. 35. Fishes. Parts 1–3. CSIRO Publishing and the Australian Biological Resources Study, Collingwood, pp. 1113–1115.
Holt, E.W. & Caldwood, W.L. (1895) Survey of fishing grounds, west coast of Ireland, 1890–1891. Report on the rarer fishes. Scientific Proceedings of the Royal Dublin Society, Series 2, 5, 361–524.
Horikoshi, M., Ohta, S., Okiyama, M., Shigei, M., Imajima, M., Takeda, M., Gamô, S., Noda, H., Irimura, S., Nakamura, K., Hiruta, S., Kito, K., Itô, T., Hoshino, T. & Okamura, O. (1983) Epigonus atherinoides (GILBERT). In: Horikoshi, M., Ohta, S., Shirayama, Y. & Tsuchida, E. (Eds.), Preliminary Catalogue of Benthic Organisms Collected at Each Station during Various Cruises of R/Vs Tansei-Maru and Hakuhô-Maru, Ocean Research Institute, University of Tokyo (1966–1982). University of Tokyo, Tokyo, pp. 117.
Hutchins, J.B. (2001) Checklist of the fishes of Western Australia. Records of the Western Australia Museum Supplement, 63, 9–50.
https://doi.org/10.18195/issn.0313-122x.63.2001.009-050Ida, H., Okamoto, M. & Sakaue, J. (2007) Epigonus cavaticus (Teleostei: Perciformes), a new epigonid fish from Palau, western Central Pacific. Ichthyological Research, 54, 131–136.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10228-006-0384-9Jordan, D.S. (1920) The genera of fishes, part IV, from 1881 to 1920, thirty-nine years, with the accepted type of each. A contribution to the stability of scientific nomenclature. Leland Stanford Jr. University Publications, University Series, 43, 411–576.
Kamohara, T. (1964) Revised catalogue of fishes of Kochi Prefecture, Japan. Reports of the Usa Marine Biological Station, 11, 1–99.
Krupp, F., Zajonz, U. & Khalaf, M.A. (2009) A new species of the deepwater cardinalfish genus Epigonus (Perciformes: Epigonidae) from the Gulf of Aqaba, Red Sea. Aqua, 15, 223–227.
Kuroda, N. (1951) A nominal list with distribution of the fishes of Suruga Bay, inclusive of the freshwater species found near the coast. Japanese Journal of Ichthyology, 1, 314–338.
Lowe, R.T. (1838) A synopsis of the fishes of Madeira; with principal synonyms, Portuguese names, and characters of the new genera and species. The Transactions of the Zoology Society of London, 2 (14), 173–200.
Mabee, P.M. (1988) Supraneural and predorsal bones in fishes: development and homologies. Copeia, 1988, 827–838.
https://doi.org/10.2307/1445705Machida, Y. (1985) 262 Epigonus pectinifer. In: Okamura, O. (Ed.), Fishes of the Okinawa Trough and the Adjacent Waters. II. Japan Fisheries Resource Conservation Association, Tokyo, pp. 482–483.
Manilo, L.G. & Bogorodsky, S.V. (2003) Taxonomic composition, diversity and distribution of coastal fishes of the Arabian Sea. Journal of Ichthyology, 43 (Supplement), 75–149. [S75–S149]
Mayer, G.F. (1974) A revision of the cardinalfish genus Epigonus (Perciformes, Apogonidae), with descriptions of two new species. Bulletin Museum of Comparative Zoology, 146, 147–203.
Mayer, G.F. (1975) Results of the research cruises of FRV “Walther Herwig” to South America. XXXIX. The Epigonine fauna of the South Atlantic, with a key to the genera and a redescription of Rosenblattia robusta Mead and De Falla. Archiv für Fischereiwissenschaft, 26, 13–28.
McAllister, D.E. (1990) A list of the fishes of Canada. Syllogeus, 64, 1–310.
McCosker, J.E. & Long, D.J. (1997) A new species of the deepwater cardinalfish Epigonus (Perciformes: Epigonidae) from the Galápagos Islands. Ichthyological Research, 44, 125–129.
https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02678691McEachran, J.D. & Fechhelm, J.D. (2005) Fishes of the Gulf of Mexico. Vol. 2. Scorpaeniformes to Tetraodontiformes. University of Texas Press, Austin, viii + 1004 pp.
Mead, G.W. & De Falla, J.E. (1965) New oceanic cheilodipterid fishes from the Indian Ocean. Bulletin of The Museum of Comparative Zoology, 134 (7), 261–274.
Mochizuki, K. (1982) Apogonidae. In: Okamura, O., Amaoka, K. & Mitani, F. (Eds.), Fishes of the Kyushu-Palau Ridge and Tosa Bay. Japan Fisheries Resource Conservation Association, Tokyo, pp. 226–227, 376–377.
Mochizuki, K. (1984) Family Epigonidae. In: Masuda, H., Amaoka, K., Araga, C., Uyeno, T. & Yoshino, T. (Eds.), The Fishes of the Japanese Archipelago. Tokai University Press, Tokyo, pp. 146–147, pl. 133.
Mochizuki, K. (1990) Apogonidae. In: Amaoka, K., Matsuura, K., Inada, T., Takeda, M., Hatanaka, H. & Okada, K. (Eds.), Fishes Collected by the R/V Shinkai-Maru Around New Zealand. Japan Marine Fishery Resource Research Center, Tokyo, pp. 258–264.
Mochizuki, K. (1997) Family Epigonidae. In: Okamura, O. & Amaoka, K. (Eds.), Sea Fishes of Japan, Yama-Kei Publishers Co., Ltd., Tokyo, pp. 306–307
Mochizuki, K. & Shirakihara, K. (1983) A new and rare apogonid species of the genus Epigonus from Japan. Japanese Journal of Ichthyology, 30, 199–207.
Møller, P.R., Nielsen, J.G., Knudsen, S.W., Poulsen, J.Y., Sünksen, K. & Jørgensen, O.A. (2010) A checklist of the fish fauna of Greenland waters. Zootaxa, 2378, 1–84.
Moore, J.A., Hartel, K.E., Craddock, J.E. & Galbraith, J.K. (2003) An annotated list of deepwater fishes from off the New England region, with new area records. Northeastern Naturalist, 10 (2), 159–248.
https://doi.org/10.1656/1092-6194(2003)010[0159:AALODF]2.0.CO;2Moreau, E. (1881) Histoire Naturelle des Poisons de la France. Vol. II. G. Masson, Paris, 572 pp.
Mundy, B.C. (2005) Checklist of the fishes of the Hawaiian Archipelago. Bishop Museum Bulletins in Zoology, 6, 1–704.
Mytilineou, C., Politou, C.-Y., Papaconstantinou, C., Kavadas, S., D’Onghia, G. & Sion, L. (2005) Deep-water fish fauna in the Eastern Ionian Sea. Belgian Journal of Zoology, 135 (2), 229–233.
Nakamura, I. (1986) Apogonidae. In: Nakamura, I. (Ed.), Important Fishes Trawled off Patagonia. Japan Marine Fisheries Resources Research Center, Tokyo, pp. 200–203.
Norman, J.R. (1939) Fishes. The John Murray Expedition 1933–34, Scientific Reports, 8, 1–116.
Okamoto, M. (2011) A new species of deepwater cardinalfish, Epigonus mayeri, from the eastern Central Atlantic, and redescription of Epigonus heracleus Parin and Abramov 1986 (Perciformes: Epigonidae). Ichthyological Research, 58, 101–108.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10228-010-0195-xOkamoto, M. (2012) Two new species of the genus Epigonus (Perciformes: Epigonidae) from the South Pacific, with a definition of the Epigonus constanciae group. Ichthyological Research, 59, 242–254.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10228-012-0284-0Okamoto, M. (2015) Epigonus draco, a new species of deepwater cardinalfish (Perciformes: Epigonidae) from the Western Pacific. Species Diversity, 20, 121–127.
https://doi.org/10.12782/sd.20.2.121Okamoto, M. (2016a) Validity of Epigonus megalops (Perciformes: Epigonidae), redescription of E. atherinoides, and first record of E. draco from the Central South Pacific. Species Diversity, 21, 177–186.
https://doi.org/10.12782/sd.21.2.177Okamoto, M. (2016b) Epigonidae. In: Matsuura, K. & Hoshino, K. (Eds.), Fishes Collected from the Western South Indian Ocean. Marine Fisheries Research and Development Center, Fisheries Research Agency, Yokohama, pp. 74–77.
Okamoto, M. & Aungtonya, C. (2013) Re-examination of the holotype of Epigonus thai Prokofiev and Bussarawit: redescription and comparison with related species (Teleostei: Perciformes: Epigonidae). Phuket Marine Biological Center Research Bulletin, 72, 49–53.
Okamoto, M., Bartsch, P. & Motomura, H. (2012) Epigonus merleni, a junior synonym of Epigonus macrops (Actinopterygii: Perciformes: Epigonidae). Species Diversity, 17, 123–126.
https://doi.org/10.12782/sd.17.2.123Okamoto, M. & Fukui, A. (2011) Redescription of a rare deepwater cardinalfish, Epigonus ctenolepis Mochizuki and Shirakihara 1983, and comparison with related species (Perciformes: Epigonidae). Ichthyological Research, 58, 388–392.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10228-011-0243-1Okamoto, M. & Motomura, H. (2011) Epigonus carbonarius, a new species of deepwater cardinalfish (Perciformes: Epigonidae) from the Marquesas Islands, with a redefinition of the Epigonus oligolepis group. Ichthyological Research, 58, 155–160.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10228-011-0205-7Okamoto, M. & Motomura, H. (2012) Epigonus exodon, a new species of deepwater cardinalfish (Teleostei: Perciformes: Epigonidae) from Réunion, western Indian Ocean. Zootaxa, 3453, 84–88.
Okamoto, M. & Motomura, H. (2013) Two new species of deepwater cardinalfish from the Indo-Pacific, with a definition of the Epigonus pandionis group (Perciformes: Epigonidae). Ichthyological Research, 60, 301–311.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10228-013-0352-0Okamoto, M. & Nakayama, N. (2016) First records of the luminous deepwater cardinalfish (Perciformes: Epigonidae), Epigonus macrops (Brauer, 1906), from the southeastern Atlantic and Timor Sea. Species Diversity, 21, 79–83.
https://doi.org/10.12782/sd.21.1.079Pakhorukov, N.P. (2001) Distribution and behavior of bottom and near-bottom fishes in the Rio Grande Submarine Rise (Atlantic Ocean). Journal of Ichthyology, 41 (4), 300–307.
Parin, N.V. & Abramov, A.A. (1986a) Two new species of benthopelagic fishes of the genus Epigonus (Apogonidae) from the western tropical part of the Indian Ocean. Byulleten Moskovskogo Obshchestva Ispytatelei Prirody Otdel Biologicheskii, 91 (3), 53–57.
Parin, N.V. & Abramov, A.A. (1986b) Materials for a revision of the genus Epigonus Rafinesque (Perciformes, Epigonidae): species from the submarine ridges of the southern East Pacific and preliminary review of the “Epigonus robustus species-group”. Trudy Instituta Okeanologii im. P.P. Shirshova, 121, 173–194.
Parin, N.V., Prokofiev, A.M. & Bussarawit, S. (2012) Two new species of the genus Epigonus (Perciformes: Epigonidae) from the Atlantic and Indian oceans. Journal of Ichthyology, 52, 239–243.
https://doi.org/10.1134/S0032945212020129Paulin, C., Stewart, A., Roberts, C. & McMillan, P. (1989) New Zealand Fish: A Complete Guide. National Museum of New Zealand Miscellaneous Series No. 19. Government Printing Office, Wellington, xiv + 279 pp.
Pequeño, G. (1989) Peces de Chile. Lista sistemática revisada y comentada. Revista de Biologia Marina, Valparaiso, 24 (2), 1–132.
Rafinesque, C.S. (1810) Indice d’ Ittiologia Siciliana; Ossia, Catalogo Metodico dei Nomilatini Italiani, e Siciliani dei Pesci, che si Rinvengono in Sicilia: Disposti Secondo un Metodo Naturale e Seguito da un Appendice che Contiene la Descrizione di Alcuni Nuovi Pesci Siciliani. Presso Giovanni del Nobolo, Messina, 70 pp.
Risso, A. (1810) Ichthyologie de Nice ou Histoire Naturelle des Posisons de Départment des Alpes Maritimes. Chez F Schoell, Paris, 388 pp.
Ruiz-Pico, S., Arronte, J.C., Punzón, A., Serrano, A., Velasco, F. & Fernández-Zapico, O. (2012) First records of Epigonus denticulatus (Perciformes: Epigonidae) in the northern waters of Spain: northernmost occurrences in the eastern North Atlantic. Cybium, 36, 578–580.
Saldanha, L. & Biscoito, M. (1997) Fishes from the Lucky Strike and Menez Gwen hydrothermal vent sites (mid-Atlantic Ridge). Boletim do Museu Municipal do Funchal, 49 (283), 189–206.
Santos, R.S., Porteiro, F.M. & Barreiros, J.P. (1997) Marine Fishes of the Azores. An Annotated Checklist and Bibliography. Arquipélago. In: Life and Marine Sciences, 1 (Supplement), i–xxiii + 1–242.
Sartor, P., Sbrana, M., Reale, B. & Belcari, P. (2003) Impact of the deep sea trawl fishery on demersal communities of the northern Tyrrhenian Sea (Western Mediterranean). Journal of Northwestern Atlantic Fishery Sciences, 20, 67–72.
https://doi.org/10.2960/J.v31.a21Schultz, L.P. (1940) Two new genera and three new species of cheilodipterid fishes, with notes on the other genera of the family. Proceeding of the United States National Museum, 88, 403–423.
https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00963801.88-3085.403Scott, T.D. (1962) The Marine and Fresh Water Fishes of South Australia. South Australian Branch of British Science Guild, Adelaide, 338 pp.
Shcherbachev, Y.N. (1987) Preliminary list of thalassobathyal fishes of the tropical and subtropical waters of the Indian Ocean. Journal of Ichthyology, 27 (2), 37–46.
Shinohara, G. & Matsuura, K. (1997) Annotated checklist of deep-water fishes from Suruga Bay, Japan. National Science Museum Monographs, 12, 269–318.
Shinohara, G., Endo, H., Matsuura, K., Machida, Y. & Honda, H. (2001) Annotated checklist of the deepwater fishes from Tosa Bay, Japan. National Science Museum Monographs, 20, 283–343.
Shinohara, G., Sato, T., Anonuma, Y., Horikawa, H., Matsuura, K., Nakabo, T. & Sato, K. (2005) Annotated checklist of deep-sea fishes from the waters around the Ryukyu Islands, Japan. National Sciences Museum Monograph, 29, 385–452.
Stewart, A.L. & Gon, O. (2015) 172 Family Epigonidae. In: Roberts, C.D., Stewart, A.L. & Struthers, C.D. (Eds.), The Fishes of New Zealand. Te Papa Press, Wellington, pp. 1219–1226.
Tokimura, M., Kobayashi, T., Yamada, U., Deng, S., Zheng, Y., Kim, Y. & Kim, J. (Eds.) (2009) Names and Illustrations of Fishes the East China Sea and the Yellow Sea. New Edition. Overseas Fishery Cooperation Foundation of Japan, Tokyo, xi + 784 pp.
Tortonese, E. (1986) Apogonidae. In: Whitehead, P.J.P., Bauchot, M.-L., Hureau, J.-C., Nielsen, J. & Tortonese, E. (Eds.), Fishes of the North-eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean. Vol. 2. Unesco, Paris, pp. 803–809.
Trunov, I.A. (1999) New data on species of fish from subantarctic and Antarctic waters of the Atlantic. Journal of Ichthyology, 39 (7), 488–497.
Vaillant, L. (1888) Poissons. Mission Scientifiques du Cap Horn 1882–1883. VI. Zoologie, Paris, 6, 1–35.
Valenciennes, A. (1830) Additions et corrections aux tomes II, III, IV, et V. In: Cuvier, G. & Valenciennes, A. (Eds.), Historie Naturelle des Poissons. Tome Sixieme. Levrault, G., Paris, pp. 495–559.
Valenciennes, A. (1837–1844) Ichtyologie des des îles Canaries, ou histoire naturelle des poissons rapportés par Webb & Berthelot. In: Webb, P.B. & Berthelot, S. (Eds.), Histoire Naturelle des îles Canaries, 2 (Part 2), pp. 1–109.
Weber, M. & de Beaufort, L.F. (1929) The Fishes of the Indo-Australian Archipelago. V. Anacanthini, Allotriognathi, Heterosomata, Berycomorphi, Percomorphi: Families Kuhliidae, Apogonidae, Plesiopidae, Centropomidae. E. J. Brill, Ltd., Leiden, 458 pp.
Whitley, G.P. (1935) Studies in ichthyology. No. 9. Records of the Australian Museum, 19 (4), 215–250.
https://doi.org/10.3853/j.0067-1975.19.1935.700Whitley, G.P. (1940) Illustrations of some Australian fishes. Australian Zoologist, 9(4), 397–428.
Whitley, G.P. (1968) A check-list of the fishes recorded from the New Zealand region. Australian Zoologist, 15(1), 1–102.
Williams, A., Last, P.R., Gomon, M.F. & Paxton, J.R. (1996) Species composition and checklist of the demersal ichthyofauna of the continental slope off Western Australia (20–35˚S). Records of the Western Australian Museum, 18, 135–155.