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Issue: Vol. 4462 No. 3: 28 Aug. 2018
Type: Article
Published: 2018-08-28
DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4462.3.10
Page range: 443–450
Abstract views: 155
PDF downloaded: 3

Benthodytes marianensis, a new species of abyssal elasipodid sea cucumbers (Elasipodida: Psychropotidae) from the Mariana Trench area

Institute of Deep-sea Science and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Sanya 572000, China. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China.
Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China.
Key Laboratory of Marine-Bioresources Sustainable Utilization, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China.
Institute of Deep-sea Science and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Sanya 572000, China.
Echinodermata deep-sea holothurians new species Mariana Trench abyssal zone phylogenetic analysis

Abstract

Benthodytes marianensis sp. nov., is described from the Mariana Trench at the depth of 5567 m. This is the thirteenth species in Benthodytes Théel, 1882. The new species has a broad brim around the body, dark violet skin, 9 pairs of large dorsal papillae with other papillae of equal or smaller size situated elsewhere, forming two zigzag rows, and some minute papillae scattered around the anterior region. Body wall ossicles are rods, crosses with three or four arms and central apophyses, and crosses of an unusual type. Crosses with four arms and central bipartite, tripartite and tetrapartite apophyses and peculiar cross-shaped ossicles with high apophyses ending in two horizontal arms are present in the dorsum. Large rod-shaped ossicles with bipartite apophyses and crosses with three or four arms and rudimentary apophyses are present on the ventrum. B. marianensis is morphologically most similar to B. incerta, but it is distinguished from B. incerta by the number and arrangement of dorsal large papillae, the broad brim and details of ossicle morphology. The phylogenetic analyses based on (16S, COI) and nuclear genes (H3) all confirm the morphological identification.

 

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