Abstract
The Australian anostracan fauna is generically depauperate, but species-rich due to radiation within Branchinella and also Parartemia. Most Parartemia, including the six new species, occur in Western Australia, with P. boomeranga sp. nov. in the inner Wheatbelt, P. mouritzi sp. nov. in the eastern Wheatbelt, P. purpurea sp. nov. in the Esperance hinterland, P. veronicae sp. nov. in the Goldfields, P. bicorna sp. nov. in Lake Carey in the northern Goldfields and P. laticaudata sp. nov. in the far north and the Northern Territory. All species use lock and key amplexus meaning that the second antennae of males are highly differentiated and in females the last few thoracomeres are variously modified and the 10th, and especially 11th, thoracopods much reduced. Although many of the new species occur in remote salinas, some are endangered due to anthropogenic salinisation.
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