Skip to main content Skip to main navigation menu Skip to site footer
Type: Articles
Published: 2010-12-08
Page range: 42–52
Abstract views: 32
PDF downloaded: 1

The immature stages of the biting midge Culicoides debilipalpis Lutz (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae)

División Entomología, Museo de La Plata, Paseo del Bosque s/n°, 1900 La Plata, Argentina
División Entomología, Museo de La Plata, Paseo del Bosque s/n°, 1900 La Plata, Argentina
División Entomología, Museo de La Plata, Paseo del Bosque s/n°, 1900 La Plata, Argentina
Diptera Culicoides debilipalpis larva pupa bionomics

Abstract

The fourth instar larva and pupa of Culicoides debilipalpis Lutz, 1913 are described, illustrated, and photomicrographed from material collected in tree-holes of Salix sp. in Entre Rios Province, Argentina by using binocular, phase-contrast, and scanning electron microscopy. Measurements of instars I–IV are also presented. The larva shows features typical to carnivorous-predatory larvae, as well as characters typical of larvae occurring in tree holes and clean water. Details on larval biology, habitat, and feeding behavior are given.

References

  1. Alencar Y. B., Ludwig T. A. V., Soares C. C. & Hamada N. (2001) Stomach content analyses of Simulium perflavum Roubaud 1906 (Diptera: Simuliidae) larvae from streams in Central Amazonia, Brazil. Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, 96: 561–576.

    Barbosa F. A. S. (1952) Novos subsidios para o conhecimento dos Culicoides neotropicos (Diptera: Heleidae). Thesis, Universidade do Recife, Recife: Imprensa Industrial, 21 pp.

    Beck E. C. (1957) Two new species of Culicoides from Florida (Diptera: Heleidae). Florida Entomologist, 40: 103–105.

    Blanton F. S. & Wirth W. W. (1979) The sand flies (Culicoides) of Florida (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Arthropods of Florida and Neighboring Land Areas, 10: 1–204.

    Borkent A. (2009) World Species of Biting Midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae)-http://www.inhs.uiuc.edu/research/FLYTREE/CeratopogonidaeCatalog.pdf, 236 pp.

    Borkent A. & Grogan W. L. Jr. (2009) Catalog of the New World Biting Midges North of Mexico (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Zootaxa, 2273: 1–48.

    Borkent A. & Spinelli G. R. (2000) Catalogue of the new world biting midges south of the United States of America (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Contributions on Entomological International, 4 (1): 1–107.

    Borkent A. & Spinelli G. R. (2007) Neotropical Ceratopogonidae (Diptera: Insecta). In: Adis J., Arias J. R., Rueda-Delgado G. & Wantzen K. M. (Eds.): Aquatic Biodiversity in Latin America (ABLA). Vol. 4. Pensoft, Sofia-Moscow, 198 pp.

    Borkent A. & Wirth W. W. (1997) World Species of Biting Midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 233: 257 pp.

    Díaz F., Ronderos M. M. & Spinelli G. R. (2005) The immatures of the Neotropical species Culicoides venezuelensis Ortiz and Mirsa (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 131 (3–4): 375–385.

    Floch H. & Abonnenc E. (1942) Cératopogonides hématophages de la Guyane Francaise. Publication de l'Institut Pasteur de la Guyane et du Territory de L'Inini, 37: 1–10.

    Forattini O. P. (1957) Culicoides da Regiao Neotropical (Diptera, Ceratopogonidae). Arquivos da Faculdade de Higiene e Saúde Pública da Universidade de São Paulo, 11: 159–526.

    Fox I. (1942) La trompa respiratoria y el segmento anal en las pupas de algunas especies de Culicoides (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). The Puerto Rico Journal of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, 17: 426–434.

    Franca Rodriguez M. E. (1963) Primeros estudios sobre los Culicoides (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae. Revista Uruguaya de Patología Clínica, 1:65–70.

    Glukhova V. M. (1977) Midges of the family Ceratopogonidae (synonym Heleidae) p. 431–457. In: Kutikova L. A. & Starobogatov Y. L. (Eds). Determination of the Freshwater Invertebrates of the Europen Regions of the USSR (Plankton and Benthos) (In Russian). Leningrad, 127 pp.

    Huerta H., Ronderos M. M. & Spinelli G. R. (2001) Description of larva and pupa and redescription of the adult of Culicoides albomaculus Root and Hoffman (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 127 (4): 545–561.

    Hribar L. J. (1993) Mouthpart morphology and feeding behavior of biting midges larvae (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae), p. 43–58. In: Schaefer C. W & Leschen R. A. B (Eds.). Functional Morphology of Insect Feeding. Thomas Say Publications in Entomology: Proceedings Entomological Society of America. Lanham, MD.

    Lamberson C., Pappas C. D. & Pappas L. G. (1992) Pupal taxonomy of the tree-hole Culicoides (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) in Eastern North America. Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 85 (2): 111–120.

    Lutz A. (1913) Contribuçao para o conhecimento das Ceratopogoninas hematófagas de Brasil. Parte Sistematica. Segunda Memoria. Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, 5:45–73.

    Macfie J. W. S (1937) Ceratopogonidae from Trinidad. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Ser. 10, 20: 1–18.

    Messersmith D. H. (1964) The breeding site of Culicoides debilipalpis Lutz (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) in Virginia. Mosquito News, 24: 339.

    Mullen G. R. & Hribar L. J. (1988) Biology and feeding behavior of Ceratopogonidae larvae (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) in North America. Bulletin of the Society of Vector Ecology, 13: 60–81.

    Murphree C. S. & Mullen G. R. (1991) Comparative larval morphology of the genus Culicoides Latreille (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) in North America with a key to species. Bulletin of the Society of Vector Ecologists, 16 (2): 269–399.

    Ronderos M. M. & Spinelli G. R. (1995) Redescripción de Culicoides lahillei y descripción de Culicoides ichesi, n. sp. de la Argentina, Paraguay y Uruguay (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Neotrópica, 41: 77–81.

    Ronderos M. M. & Spinelli G. R. (1998) Las especies de Culicoides en el área de influencia de la represa de Yacyretá (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Revista de la Sociedad Entomológica Argentina, 57: 79–83.

    Ronderos M. M. & Spinelli G. R. (2000a) The larva and pupa of Culicoides bambusicola Lutz observed with SEM, and additional notes on the adult (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 126 (1): 133–134.

    Ronderos M. M., Spinelli G. R. & Sarmiento P. (2000b) Preparation and mounting of biting midges of the genus Culicoides Latreille (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) to be observed with Scanning Electron Microscope. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 126 (1): 125–132.

    Ronderos M. M., Greco N. M. & Spinelli G. R. (2003a) Diversity of biting midges of the genus Culicoides Latreille (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) in the area of the Yacyreta dam lake between Argentina and Paraguay. Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, 98 (1): 19–24.

    Ronderos M. M., Spinelli G. R., Lager I. & Díaz F. (2003b) La importancia sanitaria de los jejenes del género Culicoides (Díptera: Ceratopogonidae) en la Argentina. Entomología y Vectores, 10 (4): 601–612.

    Ronderos M. M., Díaz F., David F. (2004) Clave gráfica de adultos de los géneros hematófagos de Ceratopogonidae (Díptera: Ceratopogonidae) presentes en la región Neotropical. Entomología y Vectores, 11 (3):505–519.

    Ronderos M. M., Díaz F. & Sarmiento P. (2008a) A new method using acid to clean and a technique for preparation of eggs of biting midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) for Scanning Electron Microscope. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 134 (3–4): 471–476.

    Ronderos, M. M., G. R. Spinelli & Borkent A. (2008b) A description of the larva and pupa of Culicoides charruus Spinelli & Martinez (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) from leaf axils of Eryngium panddanifolium (Apiaceae). Russian Entomological Journal, 17(1): 115–122.

    Smith W. W., Vannell J. H. Jr. (1967) Hydrogenion concentration (pH) as related to the occurrence and abundance of tree-holes dwelling Culicoides spp. (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) in northern Florida. Mosquito News, 27: 519–521.

    Spinelli G. R. & Martinez M. (1991) The genus Culicoides in Uruguay (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Insecta Mundi, 5: 175–179.

    Spinelli G. R. & Ronderos M. M. (1991) Los polvorines del género Culicoides en áreas de influencia de la represa de Salto Grande (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Neotrópica, 37: 83–94.

    Spinelli G. R. & Ronderos M. M. (1997) Description of the male and revalidation of Culicoides debilipalpis (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 123 (4): 303–309.

    Spinelli G. R. & Wirth W. W. (1986) Clave para la identificación de las especies del género Culicoides Latreille presentes al sur de la cuenca amazónica. Nuevas citas y notas sinonímicas (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Revista de la Sociedad Entomológica Argentina, 44: 49–73.

    Spinelli G. R., Ronderos M. M. & Balseiro E. G. (1989) Análisis de la actividad diaria de dípteros nematóceros en Punta Lara (Pdo. Ensenada, Prov. de Buenos Aires). II. Ceratopogonidae, con la descripción de una especie nueva del género Atrichopogon. Limnobios, 2: 733–737.

    Spinelli G. R., Ronderos M. M., Díaz F. & Marino P. I. (2005) The bloodsucking midges of Argentina (Díptera: Ceratopogonidae). Memórias de Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, 100 (2): 137–150.

    Thomsen L. C. (1937) Aquatic Diptera. Part V, Ceratopogonidae. Memoirs of the Cornell University Agriculture Experimental Station, 210: 57–80

    Trindade, R. L. & Gorayeb, I. S. (2005) Maruims (Ceratopogonidae: Diptera) do Estuario do Río Pará e do Litoral do Estado do Pará, Brasil. Entomología y Vectores, 12 (1): 61–74.

    Vitale G. W., Wirth W. W. & Aitken T. H. (1981) New species and records of Culicoides reared from arboreal habitats in Panama, with a synopsis of debilipalpis group (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 83: 140–159.

    Waller J., Lancelot R., Lefevre P. C. & Kremer M. (1990) Note faunistique sur les Culicoides de Guyane (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Revue d’élevage et de Medecine Vétérinaire des pays tropicaux, 43: 349–364.

    Wirth W. W. & Blanton F. S. (1959) Biting midges of the genus Culicoides from Panama (Diptera: Heleidae). Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 109: 237–482.

    Wirth W. W. & Blanton F. S. (1971a) New Neotropical sandflies of the Culicoides debilipalpis group (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 73: 34–43.

    Wirth W. W. & Blanton F. S. (1971b) New species and synonymy of Florida Culicoides (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Florida Entomologist, 54: 73–78.

    Wirth W. W., Dyce A. L. & Spinelli G. R. (1988) An atlas of wing photographs, with a summary of the numerical characters of the Neotropical species of Culicoides (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Contributions of the American Entomological Institute, 25: 1–72.