Abstract
The Indo-West Pacific scorpionfish Scorpaena neglecta Temminck & Schlegel (1843) is redescribed on the basis of two syntypes and 129 additional specimens from Korea, Japan, Taiwan, Indonesia and Australia, and a lectotype is proposed. Four nominal species, Scorpaena fimbriata Döderlein in Steindachner & Döderlein, 1884, Scorpaena izensis Jordan & Starks, 1904, Scorpaena hemilepidota Fowler, 1938 and Scorpaenopsella armata Fowler, 1938, are regarded as junior synonyms of Scorpaena neglecta. Morphological changes with growth of S. neglecta are discussed.
References
Alcock, A. (1896) Natural history notes from H. M. Indian marine survey steamer `Investigator', Commander C.F. Oldham, R. N. commanding. Series II. No. 23. A supplementary list of the marine fishes of India, with descriptions of two new genera and eight new species. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, Part II (Natural Science), 65, 301–338.
Bloch, M.E. & Schneider, J.G. (1801) M.E. Blochii, doctoris medicinae berolinensis, et societatibu literariis multis adscripti, systema ichthyologiae iconibus cx illustratum. Post obitum auctoris opus inchoatum absolvit, correxit, interpolavit J.G. Schneider, Saxo. Sumtibus Auctoris Impressum et Bibliopolio Sanderiano Commissum, Berolini, 584 pp.
https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.5750
Boeseman, M. (1947) Revision of the fishes collected by Burger and Von Siebold in Japan. Zoologische Mededelingen, Leiden, 242 pp.
Castelnau, C.F. (1875) Researches on the fishes of Australia. In: Philadelphia Centennial Expedition of 1876. Official records. M`carron, Bird & Co., Printers, Melbourne, pp. 1–52.
Chen, L.-C. (1981) Scorpaenid fishes of Taiwan. Quarterly Journal of the Taiwan Museum, 34, 1–60.
Chen, Q., Yongzhen, C. & Xingming, M. (1997) Fishes from Nansha Islands to South China Coastal Waters. Vol. 1. Science Press, Beijing, 202 pp.
Eschmeyer, W.N. (1965) Western Atlantic scorpionfishes of the genus Scorpaena, including four new species. Bulletin of Marine Science, 15, 84–164.
Eschmeyer, W.N. (1969) A systematic review of the scorpionfishes of the Atlantic Ocean (Pisces: Scorpaenidae). Occasional Papers of the California Academy of Sciences, 79, 1–143.
Eschmeyer, W.N. (1986) Scorpaenidae. In: Smith, M.M. & Heemstra, P.C. (Eds), Smith’s Sea Fishes. Macmillan, Johannesburg, pp. 463–478.
Eschmeyer, W.N. & Allen, G.R. (1971) Three new species of scorpionfishes (family Scorpaenidae) from Easter Island. Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences, Series 4, 37, 515–527.
Eschmeyer, W.N. & Randall, J.E. (1975) The scorpaenid fishes of the Hawaiian Islands, including new species and new records (Pisces: Scorpaenidae). Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences, Series 4, 40, 265–333.
Fowler, H.W. (1938) Descriptions of new fishes obtained by the United States Bureau of Fisheries steamer "Albatross", chiefly in Philippine seas and adjacent waters. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 85, 31–135.
https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00963801.85-3032.31
Fricke, R., Allen, G.R., Andréfouët, S., Chen, W.J., Hamel, M.A., Laboute, P., Mana, R., Hui, T.H. & Uyeno, D. (2014) Checklist of the marine and estuarine fishes of Madang District, Papua New Guinea, western Pacific Ocean, with 820 new records. Zootaxa, 3832 (1), 1–247.
https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3832.1.1
Fricke, R., Golani, D., Appelbaum-Golani, B. & Zajonz, U. (2018) Scorpaena decemradiata new species (Teleostei: Scorpaenidae) from the Gulf of Aqaba, northern Red Sea, a species distinct from Scorpaena porcus. Scientia Marina, 82, 1–16.
https://doi.org/10.3989/scimar.04824.17A
Gilbert, C.H. (1905) The deep-sea fishes of the Hawaiian Islands. In: The aquatic resources of the Hawaiian Islands. Bulletin of the U. S. Fish Commission, 23, 577–713.
https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.12624
Günther, A. (1877) Preliminary notes on new fishes collected in Japan during the expedition of H.M.S. 'Challenger'. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 4, 20, 433–446.
https://doi.org/10.1080/00222937708682260
Jordan, D.S. & Snyder, J.O. (1900) A list of fishes collected in Japan by Keinosuke Otaki, and by the United States steamer Albatross, with descriptions of fourteen new species. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 23, 335–380.
https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00963801.23-1213.335
Jordan, D.S. & Starks, E.C. (1904) A review of the scorpaenoid fishes of Japan. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 27, 91–175.
https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00963801.27-1351.91
Kanayama, T. (1982) Scorpaenidae. In: Okamura, O., Amaoka, K. & Mitani, F. (Eds.), Fishes of the Kyushu-Palau Ridge and Tosa Bay. The intensive research of unexploited fishery resources on continental slopes. Japan Fisheries Resource Conservation Association, Tokyo, pp. 392–397.
Kim, I.S., Choi, Y., Lee, C.L., Lee, Y.J., Kin, B.J. & Kim, J.H. (2005) Illustrated Book of Korean Fishes. Kyo-Hak publishing, Seoul, 615 pp.
Kyushin, K., Amaoka, K., Nakaya K. & Ida, H. (1977) Fishes of Indian Ocean. Japan Marine Fishery Resource Research Center, Tokyo, 392 pp.
Lindberg, G.U. & Krasyukova, Z.V. (1987) Fishes of the Sea of Japan and adjacent parts of Okhotsk and Yellow Sea. Part 5. Nauka Publishers, Leningrad, 526 pp.
Linnaeus, C. (1758) Systema naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Tomus 1. Editio decima, Reformata. Laurentii Salvii, Holmiae, 824 pp.
https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.542
Motomura, H. (2004a) New species of scorpionfish, Scorpaena cocosensis (Scorpaeniformes: Scorpaenidae) from the Cocos Islands, Costa Rica, eastern Pacific Ocean. Copeia, 2004, 818–824.
https://doi.org/10.1643/CI-04-179R
Motomura, H. (2004b) Revision of the scorpionfish genus Neosebastes (Scorpaeniformes: Neosebastidae) with descriptions of five new species. Indo-Pacific Fishes, 37, 1–75.
Motomura, H. & Iwatsuki, Y. (1997) A preliminary report of scorpaenid, synanceiid, tetrarogid and aploactinid fishes in Miyazaki waters, southern Japan. Bulletin of the Faculty of Agriculture of Miyazaki University, 44, 127–138.
Motomura, H., Last, P.R. & Yearsley, G.K. (2005a) Scorpaena bulacephala, a new species of scorpionfish (Scorpaeniformes: Scorpaenidae) from the northern Tasman Sea. Zootaxa, 1043 (1), 17–32.
https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1043.1.2
Motomura, H., Last, P.R. & Yearsley, G.K. (2006) New species of shallow water scorpionfish (Scorpaenidae: Scorpaena) from the central coast of Western Australia. Copeia, 2006, 360–369.
https://doi.org/10.1643/0045-8511(2006)2006[360:NSOSWS]2.0.CO;2
Motomura, H., Ogihara, G., Meguro, M. & Matsunuma, M. (2009) First records of the Pumpkin Scorpionfish, Scorpaena pepo (Scorpaenidae), from Japan. Biogeography, 11, 139–143.
Motomura, H., Paulin, C.D. & Stewart, A.L. (2005b) First records of Scorpaena onaria (Scorpaeniformes: Scorpaenidae) from the southwestern Pacific Ocean, and comparisons with the Northern Hemisphere population. New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research, 39, 865–880.
https://doi.org/10.1080/00288330.2005.9517358
Motomura, H., Poss, S.G. & Shao, K.-T. (2007) Scorpaena pepo, a new species of scorpionfish (Scorpaeniformes: Scorpaenidae) from northeastern Taiwan, with a review of S. onaria Jordan and Snyder. Zoological Studies, 46, 35–45.
Motomura, H. & Senou, H. (2008) A new species of the scorpionfish genus Scorpaena (Scorpaenidae) from Izu Peninsula, Pacific coast of Japan. Journal of Fish Biology, 72, 1761–1772.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.2008.01862.x
Motomura, H., Struthers, C.D., McGrouther, M.A. & Stewart, A.L. (2011) Validity of Scorpaena jacksoniensis and a redescription of S. cardinalis, a senior synonym of S. cookii (Scorpaeniformes: Scorpaenidae). Ichthyological Research, 58, 315–332.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10228-011-0234-2
Motomura, H., Yoshino, T. & Takamura, N. (2004) Review of the scorpionfish genus Scorpaenopsis (Scorpaeniformes: Scorpaenidae) in Japanese waters with three new records and an assessment of standard Japanese names. Japanese Journal of Ichthyology, 51, 89–115.
https://doi.org/10.1643/CI-03-298R
Nakabo, T. (2002) Scorpaenidae. In: Nakabo, T. (Ed.), Fishes of Japan with pictorial keys to the species, English edition. Tokai University Press, Tokyo, pp. 565–595, 1519–1522.
Paxton, J.R., Hoese, D.F., Allen, G.R. & Hanley, J.E. (1989) Zoological catalogue of Australia. Vol. 7. Part 1. Pisces. Petromyzontidae to Carangidae. Australian Government Publishing Service, Canberra, pp. 536–542.
Poss, S.G. (1999) Scorpaenidae. In: Carpenter, K.E. & Niem, V.H. (Eds.), FAO Species Identification Guide for Fishery Purposes. The Living Marine Resources of the Western Central Pacific. Vol. 4. Bony Fishes Part 2 (Mugilidae to Carangidae). FAO, Rome, pp. 2291–2352.
Poss, S.G. (2000) Scorpaenidae. In: Randall, J.E. & Lim, K.K.P. (Eds.), A checklist of the fishes of the South China Sea, Raffles Bulletin of Zoology Supplement, 8, pp. 569–667.
Poss, S.G. (2016) Scorpaenidae. In: Carpenter, K.E. & Niem, V.H. (Eds.), FAO Species Identification Guide for Fishery Purposes. The Living Marine Resources of the Eastern Central Atlantic. Vol. 3. Bony Fishes Part 1 (Elopiformes to Scorpaeniformes). FAO, Rome, pp. 2251–2288.
Randall, J.E. & Eschmeyer, W.N. (2002 [dated 2001]) Revision of the Indo-Pacific scorpionfish genus Scorpaenopsis, with descriptions of eight new species. Indo-Pacific Fishes, 34, 1–79.
Randall, J.E. & Greenfield, D.W. (2004) Two new scorpionfishes (Scorpaenidae) from the South Pacific. Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences, 55, 384–394.
Richardson, J. (1842) Contributions to the ichthyology of Australia. The Annals and Magazine of Natural History, New Series, 9, 207–218.
https://doi.org/10.1080/03745484209445327
Sabaj, M.H. (2016) Standard symbolic codes for institutional resource collections in herpetology and ichthyology: an Online Reference. Version 6.5 (16 August 2016). American Society of Ichthyologists and Herpetologists, Washington, DC. Available from: http://www.asih.org/resources/standard-symbolic-codes-institutional-resource-collections-herpetologyichthyology (accessed 27 November 2018)
Shimizu, T. (1984) Scorpaena neglecta. In: Masuda, H., Amaoka, K., Araga, C., Uyeno, T. & Yoshino, T. (Eds.), The fishes of the Japanese Archipelago. Tokai University Press, Tokyo, Text, pl. 314, pp. 280.
Shinohara, G. (1998) Record of a scorpaenid fish, Scorpaenodes varipinnis from Japan. Japanese Journal of Ichthyology, 45, 37–41. [in Japanese]
Steindachner, F. (1866) Über die Fische von Port Jackson in Australien. Anzeiger der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftlichen Classe, 3, 50–54.
Steindachner, F. & Döderlein, L. (1884) Beiträge zur Kenntniss der Fische Japan's. (III.). Denkschriften der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften in Wien, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Classe, 49, 171–212.
Takahashi, M., Imamura, H. & Nakaya, K. (2003) Records of three fish species from western Pacific northern Japan. Bulletin of Fisheries Science, Hokkaido University, 54, 17–20. [in Japanese]
Temminck, C.J. & Schlegel, H. (1843) Pisces. Parts 2–4. In: von Siebold, P.F. (Ed.), Fauna Japonica, sive descriptio animalium quae in itinere per Japoniam suscepto annis 1823-30 collegit, notis observationibus et adumbrationibus illustravit P. F. de Siebold. Apud Arnz et Socios, Leiden, pp. 21–72.
Yatou, T. (1985) Scorpaenidae. In: Okamura, O. (Ed.), Fishes of the Okinawa Trough and the adjacent waters. Vol. 2. The intensive research of unexploited fishery resources on continental slopes. Japan Fisheries Resource Conservation Association, Tokyo, pp. 715–721.