Abstract
A new fossil Cacomorphocerus Schaufuss, 1892 from Baltic amber, i.e., Cacomorphocerus coleae sp. nov. is described. Related to C. eocenicus Bukejs, Fanti & McKellar, 2019, the new species is characterized by 12 antennomeres that are little modified, with antennomere VI saucer-shaped and asymmetrical, antennomere V enlarged and antennomeres VII and VIII squarish and sub-rectangular. The slightly modified antennae of some species of Cacomorphocerus confirm a relationship with the genus Sucinorhagonycha Kuśka, 1996. Therefore, given the synapomorphy of the antennae, Sucinorhagonycha is transferred from the tribe Cantharini Imhoff, 1856 to Cacomorphocerini Fanti & Kupryjanowicz, 2018 (new placement).
References
Alekseev, V.I. (2017) Coleoptera from the middle-upper Eocene European ambers: generic composition, zoogeography and climatic implications. Zootaxa, 4290 (3), 401–443.
https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4290.3.1
Boheman, C.H. (1858) Coleoptera In: Virgin, C. (Ed.), Kongliga Svenska Fregatten Eugenies Resa omkring jorden under befäl af C. A. Virgin, Åren 1851–1853. Vetenskapliga Iakttagelser på H. M. Konung Oscar Den Förstes befallning utgifna af K. Svenska Vetenskaps Akademien. II. Zoologi. 1. Insecta. P. A. Norstedt & Söner, Almquist et Wiksells, Uppsala and Stockholm, pp. 1–112 + 113–218, pls. I–II. [issued in parts: pp. 1–112 in 1858, 113–218 in 1859]
Bukejs, A., Fanti, F. & McKellar, R.C. (2019) A new species of Cacomorphocerus Schaufuss, 1892 (Coleoptera: Cantharidae) from Baltic amber with a key to known species. Palaeontologia Electronica, 22.2.28A, 1–7.
Fanti, F. (2017) Catalogo Cantharidae fossili del mondo. Fossils & Minerals Review, 2, 1–18 [abbreviated Italian version. Available: 12 March 2017] / World catalog of fossil Cantharidae. Fossils & Minerals Review, 2 (Special Issue), 1–52 [extended English version. Available: 25 May 2017)]
Fanti, F. & Damgaard, A.L. (2018) Fossil soldier beetles from Baltic amber of the Anders Damgaard amber collection (Coleoptera Cantharidae). Baltic Journal of Coleopterology, 18 (1), 1–32.
Fanti, F., Damgaard, A.L. & Ellenberger, S. (2018) Two new genera of Cantharidae from Burmese amber of the Hukawng Valley (Insecta, Coleoptera). Cretaceous Research, 86, 170–177.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cretres.2018.02.015
Fanti, F. & Ellenberger, S. (2016) Myamalycocerus vitalii: A new genus and species of soldier beetle in Burmese amber (Coleoptera Cantharidae). Cretaceous Research, 71, 166–169. [2017]
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cretres.2016.11.019
Fanti, F. & Ellenberger, S. (2018) A new fossil genus of soldier beetles (Coleoptera: Cantharidae) from mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber: A probable case of adaptive convergence. Cretaceous Research, 92, 201–204.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cretres.2018.08.009
Fanti, F. & Kupryjanowicz, J. (2018) Discovery of a new fossil soldier beetle in Eocene Baltic amber, with the establishment of the new tribe Cacomorphocerini. Annales de Paléontologie, 104, 149–153.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annpal.2018.02.001
Fanti, F. & Pankowski, M.K. (2018) Three new species of soldier beetles from Baltic amber (Coleoptera, Cantharidae). Zootaxa, 4455 (3), 513–524.
https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4455.3.7
Imhoff, L. (1856) Versuch einer Einführung in das Studium der Koleoptern. In: zwei Theilen und einem, 25 Tafeln lithographirter Abbildungen nebst Text enthaltenden, Anhange. Auf Kosten des Verfassers. Schweighauser, Basel, pp. i–xxxi + [1–2] + 1–114 + [1–2] + 1–272, 25 pls.
Kazantsev, S.V. (2013) New taxa of Baltic amber soldier beetles (Insecta: Coleoptera: Cantharidae) with synonymic and taxonomic notes. Russian Entomological Journal, 22 (4), 283–291.
Kazantsev, S.V. & Perkovsky, E.E. (2014) A new Malthodes and some other interesting soldier beetles (Coleoptera: Cantharidae) from Late Eocene Rovno amber. Russian Entomological Journal, 23 (2), 113–116.
https://doi.org/10.15298/rusentj.23.2.03
Kazantsev, S.V. & Perkovsky, E.E. (2019) The first Cretaceous beetle from Azerbaijan: Katyacantharis zherikhini gen. et sp. nov. (Coleoptera, Cantharidae) from Cenomanian Agdzhakend amber. Palaeoentomology, 2 (1), 7–12.
https://doi.org/10.11646/palaeoentomology.2.1.2
Kiesenwetter, E.A.H. von (1852) Beiträge zu einer Monographie der Malthinen. Linnaea entomologica, 7, 239–324, tabs. 1–2.
Kubisz, D. (2000) Fossil beetles (Coleoptera) from Baltic amber in the collection of the Museum of Natural History of ISEA in Kraków. Polskie Pismo Entomologiczne, 69, 225–230.
Kuśka, A. (1996) New beetle species (Coleoptera: Cantharidae, Curculionidae) from the Baltic amber. Prace Muzeum Ziemi, 44, 13–18.
Kuśka, A. & Kania, I. (2010) New soldier beetles (Coleoptera, Cantharidae) from the Eocene Baltic amber. Zootaxa, 2400 (1), 49–56.
https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2400.1.5
Labandeira, C.C. (2014) Amber. In: Laflamme, M., Schiffbauer, J.D. & Darroch, S.A.F. (Eds.), Reading and Writing of the Fossil Record: Preservational Pathways to Exceptional Fossilization. The Paleontological Society Papers, 20, The Paleontological Society Short Course, pp. 163–217, supplementary material.
McKenna, D.D., Wild, A.L., Kanda, K., Bellamy, C.L., Beutel, R.G., Caterino, M.S., Farnum, C.W., Hawks, D.C., Ivie, M.A., Jameson, M.L., Leschen, R.A.B., Marvaldi, A.E., McHugh, J.V., Newton, A.F., Robertson, J.A., Thayer, M.K., Whiting, M.F., Lawrence, J.F., Ślipiński, A., Maddison, D.R. & Farrell, B.D. (2015) The beetle tree of life reveals that Coleoptera survived end-Permian mass extinction to diversify during the Cretaceous terrestrial revolution. Systematic Entomology, 40, 835–880.
https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12132
Minelli, A. (2005) A segmental analysis of the beetle antenna. Studi Trentini di Scienze Naturali, Acta Biologica, 81, 91–101. [2004]
Minelli, A. (2017) The insect antenna: segmentation, patterning and positional homology. Journal of Entomological and Acarological Research, 49, 59–66.
https://doi.org/10.4081/jear.2017.6680
Noetling, F. (1883) Ueber das Alter der samländischen Tertiärformation. Zeitschrift der Deutschen geologischen Gesellschaft, 35, 671–694.
Peris, D. & Fanti, F. (2018) Molliberus albae gen. et sp. nov., the oldest Laurasian soldier beetle (Coleoptera: Cantharidae) from the Lower Cretaceous Spanish amber. Cretaceous Research, 91, 263–268.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cretres.2018.07.003
Perkovsky, E.E., Rasnitsyn, A.P., Vlaskin, A.P. & Taraschuk, M.V. (2007) A comparative analysis of the Baltic and Rovno amber arthropod faunas: representative samples. African Invertebrates, 48 (1), 229–245.
Perkovsky, E.E., Zosimovich, V.Y. & Vlaskin, A.P. (2010) Rovno Amber. In: Penney, D. (Ed.), Biodiversity of fossils in Amber from the major world deposits. Siri Scientific Press, Manchester, pp. 117–137.
Poinar, G.O. Jr. & Fanti, F. (2016) New fossil soldier beetles (Coleoptera: Cantharidae) in Burmese, Baltic and Dominican amber. Palaeodiversity, 9, 1–7.
https://doi.org/10.18476/pale.v9.a1
Schaufuss, C.F.C. (1892) Preussens Bernstein-Käfer. Neue Formen aus der Helm’schen Sammlung im Danziger Provinzialmuseum. Berliner Entomologische Zeitschrift, 36 (I), 53–64. [1891]
Scudder, S.H. (1876) Fossil Coleoptera from the Rocky Mountain Tertiaries. Bulletin of the United States Geological and Geographical Survey of the Territories, 2 (I), 77–87.
Scudder, S.H. (1900) Adephagous and Clavicorn Coleoptera from the Tertiary deposits at Florissant, Colorado with descriptions of a few other forms and a systematic list of the non-rhynchophorous Tertiary Coleoptera of North America. Monographs of the United States Geological Survey, 40, 1–148., 11 pls.
Wolfe, A.P., McKellar, R.C., Tappert, R., Sodhi, R.N.S. & Muehlenbachs, K. (2015) Bitterfeld amber is not Baltic amber: Three geochemical tests and further constraints on the botanical affinities of succinite. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 225, 21–32. [2016]
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.revpalbo.2015.11.002
Wolfe, A.P., Tappert, R., Muehlenbachs, K., Boudreau, M., McKellar, R.C., Basinger, J.F. & Garrett, A. (2009) A new proposal concerning the botanical origin of Baltic amber. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series B - Biological Sciences, 276 (1672), 3403–3412.