Abstract
The identity of Chiromantes obtusifrons (Dana, 1851), previously considered widespread in the tropical West Pacific re-gion to the eastern Indian Ocean, is revised and found to be a species-complex. Chiromantes obtusifrons is now considered endemic to the Hawaiian Is., and four new species are described from Guam, Taiwan and Christmas Island. Two species live sympatrically in Taiwan. Species separation is based on carapace and frontal shape and granulation, leg proportions, abdominal somite proportions, and distinctive live colouration.
References
Balss, H. (1934) Die Krabben der Reise J. W. Harms’ nach der Christmas-Insel und dem Malaiischen Archipel. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 106(10), 225–237.
Castro, P. (2011) Catalog of the anomuran and brachyuran crabs (Crustacea: Decapoda: Anomura, Brachyura) of the Hawaiian Islands. Zootaxa, 2947, 1–154.
Dana, J.D. (1851)Conspectus Crustaceorum quæ in Orbis Terrarum circumnavigatione, Carolo Wilkes e Classe Reipublicæ Foederatæ Duce, lexit et descripsit. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 5, 247–254.
Dana, J.D. (1852) Crustacea. United States Exploring Expedition During the Years 1838, 1839, 1840, 1841, 1842 Under the Command of Charles Wilkes, U.S.N, vol. 13(2), i–viii, 1–685; Atlas (1855), 1–27, pls. 1–96, C. Sherman, Philadelphia.
Davie, P.J.F. (2002) Crustacea: Malacostraca: Eucarida (Part 2: Anomura, Brachyura). In, Wells, A. & Houston, W.W.K. (eds.) Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Vol. 19.3b. CSIRO Publishing, Melbourne. 641 pp.
Davie, P.J.F. & Kosuge, T. (1995) A new species of Tmethypocoelis (Crustacea: Brachyura: Ocypodidae) from Japan. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, 43(1), 207–215.
Davie, P.J.F., Shih, H.-T. & Chan, B. (2010) A new species of Mictyris (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Mictyridae) from the Ryukyus Islands, southern Japan. Pp. 83–105. In: Castro, P., Davie, P.J.F., Ng, P.K.L. & Richer de Forges, B. (eds), Studies on Brachyura: a Homage to Danièle Guinot. Crustaceana Monographs 11. 366 pp. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/ej.9789004170865.i-366.61
Edmondson, C.H. (1946) Reef and Shore Fauna of Hawaii. Special Publications. Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum, 22, i–iii, 3–381, figs. 381–223.
Edmondson, C.H. (1959) Hawaiian Grapsidae. Occasional Papers of the Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum, Honolulu, 22, 153–202, figs 1–27.
George, R.W. (1978) The Land and Freshwater Crabs of Christmas Island. Unpublished report commissioned by the Australian National Parks and Wildlife Service, 22 pp.
Gibson-Hi11, C.A. (1947a) The nature of the coast. Bulletin of the Raffles Museum, 18, 8–17.
Gibson-Hi11, C.A. (1947b) Field notes on the terrestrial crabs. Bulletin of the Raffles Museum, 18, 43–52.
Godwin, S. & Bolick, H. 2006. Inventory of Intertidal and Shallow Subtidal Marine Invertebrates at Kalaupapa National Historical Park, Moloka‘i Hawai‘i. Final Report. Prepared for the U.S. Department of Interior, National Park Service, Pacific Islands Coral Reef Program, Honolulu. 58 pp.
Hicks, J., Rumpff, H. &Yorkston, H. (1984) Christmas Crabs. Christmas Island Natural History Association, 1990 second edition, 81 pp.
Lenz, H. (1901) Crustaceen Ergebnisse einer Reise nach dem Pacific (Schauinsland 1896–1897). Zoologische Jahrbücher, Abtheilung für Systematik, Geographie und Biologie der Thiere, 14(5), 429–482, pl. 432.
Lin, D.-R., Chao, R.-F., Lu, C.-Y. & Hsieh, L.-C. (2011) Guide to the Land Crabs of Lyudao (Green Island), Taiwan. (Taitung County Government, Taitung, Taiwan). [in Chinese]. 57 pp.
Man, J.G. De (1887) Uebersicht der Indo-pacifischen Arten der Gattung Sesarma Say nebst einer Kritik der von W. Hess und E. Nauck in den Jahren 1865 und 1880 beschriebenen Decapoden. Zoologische Jahrbücher, Abtheilung für Systematik, Geographie und Biologie der Thiere, 2, 639–689, pl. 1.
Man, J.G. De (1895) Bericht über die von Herrn Schiffscapitän Storm zu Atjeh, an den westlichen Küsten von Malakka, Borneo und Celebes sowie in der Java-See gesammelten Decapoden und Stomatopoden (Part 2). Zoologische Jahrbücher, Abtheilung für Systematik, Geographie und Biologie der Thiere, 9, 75–218, figs. 16–39.
Man, J.G. De (1898) Bericht über die von herrn Schiffscapitän Storm zu Atjeh, an den westlichen Küsten von Malakka, Borneo und Celebes sowie in der Java-See gessamelten Decapoden und Stomatopoden (Part 6). Zoologische Jahrbücher, Abtheilung für Systematik, Geographie und Biologie der Thiere, 10, 677–708, pls. 28–38, figs. 28–77.
Milne Edwards, H. (1853) Mémoire sur la Famille des Ocypodiens, suite (1). Annales des Sciences Naturelles (Zoologie), Paris, 20, 163–228, pls 6–11.
Ng, P.K.L. & Liu, H.-C. (1999) The taxonomy of Sesarma tangi Rathbun, 1931 and S. stormi De Man, 1895 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Grapsidae: Sesarminae), with establishment of a new genus for S. stormi. Zoological Studies, 38, 228–237.
Ng, P.K.L., Guinot, D. & Davie, P.J.F. (2008) Systema Brachyurorum: Part I. An annotated checklist of extant brachyuran crabs of the world. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, Supplement 17, 1–286.
Paulay, G., Kropp, R., Ng, P. & Eldredge, L. (2003) The crustaceans and pycnogonids of the Mariana Islands. In: Paulay, G. (ed.) 2003. The marine biodiversity of Guam and the Marianas. Micronesica, 35–36, 456–513.
Paulay, G. & Starmer, J. (2011) Evolution, insular restriction, and extinction of oceanic land crabs, exemplified by the loss of an endemic Geograpsus in the Hawaiian Islands. PLoS ONE 6(5), e19916. http//dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0019916
Rathbun, M.J. (1906) The Brachyura and Macura of the Hawaiian Islands. Bulletin of the United States Fish Commission, 23(3)[1903], 827–930, i–viii (index), pls. 1–24.
Rathbun, M.J. (1907) Reports on the scientific results of the expedition to the tropical Pacific, in charge of Alexander Agassiz, by the U.S. Fish Commission Steamer "Albatross", from August, 1899, to March, 1900, Commander Jefferson F. Moser, U.S.N., commanding. IX. Reports on the scientific results of the expedition to the eastern tropical Pacific, in charge of Alexander Agassiz, by the U.S. Fish Commission Steamer "Albatross", from October, 1904, to March, 1905, Lieut.-Commander L.M. Garrett, U.S.N., commanding. X. The Brachyura. Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 35, 23–74, pls. 1–9.
Serène, R. & Soh, C.L. (1970) New Indo-Pacific genera allied to Sesarma Say, 1877 (Brachyura, Decapoda, Crustacea). Treubia, 27(4), 387–416.
Tesch, J.J. (1917) Synopsis of the genera Sesarma, Metasesarma, Sarmatium and Clistocoeloma, with a key to the determination of the Indo-Pacific species. Zoologische Mededelingen, 3, 127–260, pls. 15–17.
Titcomb, M., Fellows, D.B., Pukui, M.K. & Devaney, D.M. (1979) Native use of marine invertebrates in old Hawaii. Pacific Science, 32(4), 325–386.
Tweedie, M.W.F. (1947) On the Brachyura of Christmas Island. Bulletin of the Raffles Museum, Singapore, 18, 27–42, text-fig. 1.
Xu, J., Chan, T.-Y. Tsang L.M. & Chu, K.H. (2009) Phylogeography of the mitten crab Eriocheir sensu stricto in East Asia: Pleistocene isolation, population expansion and secondary contact. Molecular Phylogeny and Evolution, 52, 45–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2009.02.007