Abstract
Trichobranchidae from French waters are revised based on material available in French marine stations and newly collected specimens. This research is the first part of the “Spaghetti Project” aiming to revise French species of terebellids and trichobranchids. It confirms the absence of the so-called cosmopolitan species Terebellides stroemii from French waters, and describes eight new species of Terebellides: T. bonifi n. sp., T. ceneresi n. sp., T. europaea n. sp., T. gentili n. sp., T. gralli n. sp., T. lilasae n. sp., T. parapari n. sp. and T. resomari n. sp. and one species of Trichobranchus: T. demontaudouini n. sp. using both morphological and molecular tools. An identification key for all European species of Trichobranchidae is provided.
References
Bely, A.E. & Wray, G.A. (2004) Molecular phylogeny of naidid worms (Annelida: Clitellata) based on cytochrome oxidase I. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 30, 50–63.
Day, J.H. (1967) A monograph on the Polychaeta of Southern Africa. Part 2. Sedentaria. Trustees of the British Museum (Natural History), London, 878 pp.
https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.8596
Fauvel, P. (1927) Polychètes Sédentaires. Addenda aux Errantes, Archiannélides, Myzostomaires. Faune de France 16. Lechevalier, Paris, 494 pp.
Folmer, O., Hoeh, W.R., Black, M.B. & Vrijenhoek, R.C. (1994) Conserved primers for PCR amplification of mitochondrial DNA from different invertebrate phyla. Molecular Marine Biology and Biotechnology, 3, 294–299.
Garraffoni, A.R.S. & Lana, P.C. (2005) Cladistic analysis of Trichobranchinae (Polychaeta; Terebellidae). Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 84, 973–982.
https://doi.org/10.1017/S0025315404010264h
Gil, J. (2011) The European Fauna of Annelida Polychaeta. PhD Thesis, Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, xlii + 1554 pp.
Glasby, C.J., Hutchings, P. & Hall, K. (2004) Assessment of monophyly and taxon affinities within the polychaete clade Terebelliformia (Terebellida). Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 84, 961–971.
https://doi.org/10.1017/S0025315404010252h
Glaubrecht, M., Kristensen, N.P., Prendini, L., Purschke, G., Richter, S., Westheide, W. & Leschen, R.Z.E. (Ed.), Kingston, P.F. & Mackie, A.S.Y. (1980) Octobranchus floriceps sp. nov. (Polychaeta: Trichobranchidae) from the northern North Sea with a re-examination of O. antarcticus Monro. Sarsia, 65 (3–4), 249–254.
https://doi.org/10.1080/00364827.1980.10431487
Grube, A.E. (1863) Beschreibung neuer oder wenig bekannter Anneliden. Sechster Beitrag. Archiv für Naturgeschichte, Berlin, 29, 37–69.
https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.part.9306
Holthe, T. (1986) Evolution, systematics and distribution of the Polychaeta Terebellomorpha, with a catalogue of the taxa and a bibliography. Gunneria, 55, 1–236.
Hutchings, P. & Peart, R. (2000) A revision of the Australian Trichobranchidae (Polychaeta). Invertebrate Taxonomy, 14, 225–272.
https://doi.org/10.1071/IT98005
Hutchings, P. & Kupriyanova, E. (2018) Cosmopolitan polychaetes – fact or fiction? Personal and historical perspectives. Invertebrate Systematics, 32, 1–9.
https://doi.org/10.1071/IS17035
Hutchings, P., Nogueira, J.M.N. & Carrerette, O. (2017) Terebellidae Johnston, 1846. In: Schmidt-Rhaesa, A. Hr., Beutel, R.G., Glaubrecht, M., Kristensen, N.P., Prendini, L., Purschke, G., Richter, S., Westheide, W. & Leschen, R.Z.E. (Ed.), Handbook of Zoology. A Natural History of the Phyla of the Animal Kingdom. Walter de Gruyter & Co, Berlin, pp. 1–64.
Kingston, P.F. & Mackie, A.S.Y. (1980) Octobranchus floriceps sp. nov. (Polychaeta: Trichobranchidae) from the northern North Sea with a re-examination of O. antarcticus Monro. Sarsia, 65, 249–254.
https://doi.org/10.1080/00364827.1980.10431487
Malm, A.W. (1874) Annulater i hafvet utmed Sverges vestkust och omkring Gteborg. Gteborgs Kongelige Vetenskaps och Viterrhets Samhlles Handlingar, Ny Tidsfljd, 14, 71–105.
Malmgren, A.J. (1866) Nordiska Hafs-Annulater. Öfversigt af Kongiliga Veteskaps-Akademiens Förhandlingar, 22, 355–410.
Marion, A.F. & Bobretzky, N.V. (1875) Étude des Annélides du Golfe de Marseille. Annales des Sciences Naturelles, Sixième Série, 2, 1–106.
Nogueira, J.M.N. (2008) Review of Some Terebelliform Polychaetes (Polychaeta: Terebelliformia) at the Yale Peabody Museum. Bulletin of the Peabody Museum of Natural History, 49 (2), 209–234.
https://doi.org/10.3374/0079-032X-49.2.209
Nygren, A., Eklöf, J. & Pleijel, F. (2009) Arctic-boreal sibling species of Paranaitis (Polychaeta, Phyllodocidae). Marine Biology Research, 5, 315–327.
https://doi.org/10.1080/17451000802441301
Nygren, A., Parapar, J., Pons, J., Meißner, K., Bakken, T., Kongsrud, J.A., Oug, E., Gaeva, D., Sikorski, A., Johansen, R.A., Hutchings, P., Lavesque, N. & Capa M. (2018) A megacryptic species complex hidden among one of the most common annelids in the North East Atlantic. PLoS ONE, 13(6), e0198356.
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0198356
Palumbi, S.R. (1996) Nucleic acid II: The polymerase chain reaction. In: Hillis, D.M., Moritz, G. & Mable, B. (Eds.), Molecular systematics. Sinauer Associates, Sunderland, pp. 205–247.
Parapar, J. & Hutchings, P. (2014) Redescription of Terebellides stroemii (Polychaeta, Trichobranchidae) and designation of a neotype. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 95, 323–337.
https://doi.org/10.1017/S0025315414000903
Parapar, J., Besteiro, C. & Urgorri, V. (1993) Taxonomy and ecology of Annelida of the Iberian Peninsula—Polychaeta from the Ria-De-Ferrol. Cahiers de Biologie Marine, 34, 411–432.
Parapar, J., Moreira, J. & Helgason, G.V. (2011) Taxonomy and distribution of Terebellides (Polychaeta, Trichobranchidae) in Icelandic waters, with the description of a new species. Zootaxa, 2983 (1), 1–20.
https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2983.1.1
Parapar, J., Mikac, B. & Fiege, D. (2013) Diversity of the genus Terebellides (Polychaeta: Trichobranchidae) in the Adriatic Sea with the description of a new species. Zootaxa, 3691 (3), 333–350.
https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3691.3.3
Parapar, J., Moreira, J. & Martin, D. (2014) On the diversity of the SE Indo-Pacific species of Terebellides (Annelida; Trichobranchidae), with the description of a new species. PeerJ, J4, e2313.
https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.2313
Parapar, J., Moreira, J. & O’Reilly, M. (2016) A new species of Terebellides (Polychaeta: Trichobranchidae) from Scottish waters with an insight into branchial morphology. Marine Biodiversity, 46 (3), 211–225.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12526-015-0353-5
Ronquist, F., Teslenko, M., van der Mark, P., Ayres, D.L., Darling, A., Hohna, S., Larget, B., Liu, L., Suchard, M.A. & Huelsenbeck, J.P. (2012) MrBayes 3.2: efficient Bayesian phylogenetic inference and model choice across a large model space. Systematic Biology, 61, 539–542.
https://doi.org/10.1093/sysbio/sys029
Sardá, R. (1984) Adiciones a la fauna de anelidos poliquetos de las costas Ibericas. Bolleti de la Societat d’Història Natural de les Balears, 28, 123–333.
Sars, M. (1835) Beskrivelser og Iagttagelser over nogle maerkelige eller nye i Havet ved den Bergenske Kyst Levende Dyr af Polypernes, Acalephernes, Radiaternes, Annelidernes og Molluskernes classer, med en kort Oversigt over de hidtil af Forfatteren sammesteds fundne Arter og deres Forekommen. T. Hallager, Bergen, 81 pp.
https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.13017
Sievers, F., Wilm, A., Dineen, D., Gibson, T.J., Karplus, K., Li, W., Lopez, R., McWilliam, H., Remmert, M., Söding, J., Thompson, J.D. & Higgins, D.G. (2011) Fast, scalable generation of high-quality protein multiple sequence alignments using Clustal Omega. Molecular Systems Biology, 7, 539.
https://doi.org/10.1038/msb.2011.75
Sjölin, E., Erseus, C. & Källersjö, M. (2005) Phylogeny of Tubificidae (Annelida, Clitellata) based on mitochondrial and nuclear sequence data. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 35, 431–441.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2004.12.018
Stamatakis, A. (2014) RAxML version 8: a tool for phylogenetic analysis and post-analysis of large phylogenies. Bioinformatics, 30, 1312–1313.
https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btu033
Williams, S.J. (1984) The status of Terebellides stroemi (Polychaeta; Trichobranchidae) as a cosmopolitan species, based on a worldwide morphological survey, including description of new species. In: Hutchings, P.A. (Eds.), Proceedings of the First International Polychaete Conference, Sydney, Australia, 1984. The Linnean Society of New South Wales, Sydney, pp. 118–142.