Abstract
The larvae of Liodessus affinis (Say, 1823), L. crotchi Nilsson, 2001, L. flavofasciatus (Steinheil, 1869), L. involucer (Brinck, 1948), and L. patagonicus (Zimmermann, 1923) are described with an emphasis on chaetotaxy of the head capsule, head appendages, legs, last abdominal segment and urogomphi. Larvae of these species are very uniform in terms of larval morphology. Considering all known bidessine larvae, Liodessus Guignot, 1939 is more similar to Hypodessus Guignot 1939, Amarodytes Régimbart, 1900, Anodocheilus Babington, 1841, Glareadessus Wewalka & Biström, 1998, Allodessus Guignot, 1953, and Neoclypeodytes Young, 1967, all these genera sharing a short siphon and an elongate first urogomphomere. Liodessus differs from Hypodessus, Amarodytes and Anodocheilus by absence of the primary pore PAj whereas it shares with Anodocheilus the absence of a ventroapical spinula on the third antennomere.References
Alarie, Y. (1991) Primary setae and pores on the cephalic capsule and head appendages of larval Hydroporinae (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae). Canadian Journal of Zoology, 69, 2255–2265.
Alarie, Y. & Harper, P.-P. (1990) Primary setae and pores on the last abdominal segment and the urogomphi of larval Hydroporinae (Coleoptera: Adephaga: Dytiscidae), with notes on other dytiscid larvae. Canadian Journal of Zoology, 68, 368–374.
Alarie, Y., Harper, P.-P., & Maire, A. (1989) Rearing dytiscid beetles (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae). Entomologica Basiliensia, 13, 147–149.
Alarie, Y., Harper, P.-P. & Maire, A. (1990) Primary setae and pores on legs of larvae of Nearctic Hydroporinae (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae). Quaestiones Entomologicae, 26, 199–210.
Alarie, Y. & Michat, M.C. (2007a) Primary setae and pores on the maxilla of larvae of the subfamily Hydroporinae (Coleoptera: Adephaga: Dytiscidae): ground plan pattern reconsidered. The Coleopterists Bulletin, (in press).
Alarie, Y. & Michat, M.C. (2007b) Phylogenetic analysis of Hydroporinae (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae) based on larval morphology, with description of first-instar Laccornellus lugubris. Annals of the Entomological Society of America, (in press).
Alarie, Y. & Wewalka, G. (2001) Description of the mature larva of Glareadessus stocki Wewalka and Biström (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae), a stygobiontic Bidessini from the Persian Gulf region. The Coleopterists Bulletin, 55, 144–151.
Babington, C.C. (1841) Dytiscidae Darwinianae. Transactions of the Royal Entomological Society of London, 3, 1–17.
Bertrand, H. (1972) Larves et nymphes des Coléoptères aquatiques du globe. F. Paillart, France. 804 pp.
Brinck, P. (1948) Coleoptera of Tristan da Cunha. Results of the Norwegian Scientific Expedition to Tristan da Cunha 1937–1938, 17, 1–121.
Guignot, F. (1939) Contribution à l’étude des Bidessus. Bulletin de la Société d’Étude des Sciences Naturelles de Vaucluse, 1(1940), 31–39.
Guignot, F. (1953) Trente-neuvième note sur les hydrocanthares. Revue Française d’Entomologie, 20, 109–117.
Larson, D.J., Alarie, Y. & Roughley, R.E. (2000) Predaceous Diving Beetles (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae) of the Nearctic Region, with an emphasis on the fauna of Canada and Alaska. NRC Research Press, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada., 982 pp.
Matta, J.F. (1983) Description of the larva of Uvarus granarius (Aubé) (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae) with a key to the Nearctic Hydroporinae larvae. The Coleopterists Bulletin, 37, 203–207.
Michat, M.C. & Alarie, Y. (2006) The larvae of Amarodytes duponti (Aubé) (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae: Hydroporinae), with comments on Bidessini larval morphology and chaetotaxy. Zootaxa, 1351, 1–13.
Michat, M.C. & Alarie, Y. (2007) Morphology and chaetotaxy of larval Hypodessus cruciatus (Régimbart) (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae: Hydroporinae), and analysis of the phylogenetic relationships of the Bidessini based on larval characters. Studies on Neotropical Fauna and Environment, (in press).
Michat, M.C. & Torres, P.L.M. (2006) The unknown larva of Anodocheilus Babington (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae: Hydroporinae: Bidessini): description of A. maculatus Babington and chaetotaxic considerations. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 132: 431–444.
Michat, M.C., Alarie, Y., Torres, P.L.M. & Megna, Y.S. (2007) Larval morphology of the diving beetle Celina and the phylogeny of ancestra hydroporines (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae: Hydroporinae). Invertebrate Systematics, (in press).
Miller, K.B. (1998) Revision of the Nearctic Liodessus affinis (Say 1823) species group (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae, Hydroporinae, Bidessini). Entomologica scandinavica, 29, 281–314.
Nilsson, A.N. (1985) The larvae of the predaceous diving beetles Bidessus grossepunctatus, Graptodytes granularis and G. pictus (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae). Aquatic Insects, 7, 165–172.
Nilsson, A.N. (2001) World Catalogue of Insects, vol. 3: Dytiscidae (Coleoptera). Apollo Books, Stenstrup, Denmark, 395 pp.
Nilsson, A.N. (2003) World Catalogue of Dytiscidae – corrections and additions, 1. Koleopterologische Rundschau, 73, 65–74.
Nilsson, A.N. (2004) World Catalogue of Dytiscidae – corrections and additions, 2. Koleopterologische Rundschau, 74, 157–174.
Nilsson, A.N. & Fery, H. (2006) World Catalogue of Dytiscidae – corrections and additions, 3. Koleopterologische Rundschau, 76, 55–74.
Perkins, P.D. (1980) Larval and pupal stages of a predaceous diving beetle, Neoclypeodytes cinctellus (Leconte) (Dytiscidae: Hydroporinae: Bidessini). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Whashington, 82, 474–481.
Régimbart, M. (1900) Sur quelques dytiscides nouveaux de l’Amérique méridionale. Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale Giacomo Doria, Genova (2), 20(1899), 524–530.
Say, T. (1823). Description of insects of the families of Carabici and Hydrocanthari of Latreille, inhabiting North America. Transactions of the American Philosophical Society N.S., 2(1825)(1), 1–109.
Sharp, D. (1882) On aquatic carnivorous Coleoptera or Dytiscidae. Transactions of the Royal Dublin Society (2), 2, 179–1003.
Steinheil, E. (1869) Symbolae and historiam coleopterorum Argentiniae meridionalis ossia elenco dei coleotteri raccolti dal professore Pelligrino Strobel. Atti della Società Italiana di Scienze Naturali, 12, 238–260.
Watts, C. H. S. (1963) The larvae of Australian Dytiscidae. Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia, 87, 23–40.
Wewalka, G. & Biström, O. (1998) Glareadessus gen. n. with description of two new species from the Persian Gulf Region (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae). Koleopterologische Rundschau, 68, 59–63.
Wiley, E.O. (1981). Phylogenetics. The theory and practice of phylogenetic systematics. New York: John Wiley and Sons, New York., 439 pp.
Young, F.N. (1967) A key to the genera of American bidessine water beetles, with description of three new genera (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae, Hydroporinae). The Coleopterists Bulletin, 21, 75–83.
Young, F.N. (1969) A checklist of the American Bidessini (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae: Hydroporinae). Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, 33, 1–5.
Zimmermann, A. (1923) Neue Schwimmkäfer. Entomologische Blätter, 19, 31–40.