Abstract
Liaghinella andina sp. nov. is described from the eastern Colombian Andes. Until now, the genus Liaghinella Wygodzinsky, 1966 included only L. farri Wygodzinsky, 1966, described from Jamaica. To find this new species for the first time in continental South America and at so high an altitude is remarkable. The new species is close to L. farri, but differs in color pattern, and in the structure of the head, male genitalia, and fore leg armature. For the first time a female of Liaghinella is described and sexual differences are highlighted. Keys to separate the related genera and the two known species of Liaghinella are provided. Biological information on the new species’ feeding habits on spiders is presented and discussed. Dorsal habitus photographs, in addition to photographs and illustrations of other morphological structures, are provided. Finding this new species in the remnants of an Andean montane forest adjacent to urban areas highlights the necessity of local conservation efforts in the Colombian Andes.Se describe Liaghinella andina sp. nov. de la cordillera oriental de los Andes colombianos. El género Liaghinella incluía únicamente a L. farri Wygodzinsky, 1966, descrita de Jamaica. Por primera vez se registra este género en Sudamérica continental y a gran altitud. La nueva especie es muy similar a L. farri, pero difiere de aquella por el patrón de coloración, la estructura de la cabeza, la genitalia masculina y la serie anteroventral de las patas anteriores. Por primera vez se describe una hembra de Liaghinella resaltándose las diferencias entre sexos. Se proporciona una clave para separar las dos especies conocidas, y otra para los géneros relacionados. Se brinda y discute la alimentación con arañas. Se presentan fotografías de los habitus dorsales, así como fotografías e ilustraciones de otros detalles estructurales. El haber encontrado esta nueva especie en remanentes de bosques Andinos muy cercanos a centros urbanos resalta la necesidad de esfuerzos de conservación locales.References
Arévalo, J.M., Castro, C.E., Mendivelso, D. & Rodríguez, R. (2000) Aspectos del medio natural. In: Avila, E. (Ed.) Estudio general de suelos y zonificación de tierras del departamento de Cundinamarca, Instituto Geográfico Agustín Codazzi (IGAC), Bogotá D. C., Volume I, pp. 29–130.
ABO (Asociación Bogotana de Ornitología) (2000) Aves de la Sabana de Bogotá, guía de campo. Asociación Bogotana de Ornitología & Corporación Autónoma regional de Cundinamarca, Bogotá D.C., Colombia, 276 pp.
Adams, T.S. (2000) Effect of diet and mating on oviposition in the twospotted stink bug Perillus bioculatus (F.) (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae). Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 93, 1288–1293.
Davis, N.T. (1964) Studies of the reproductive physiology of Cimicidae (Hemiptera) - I. Fecundation and egg maturation. Journal of Insect Physiology, 10, 947–963.
De Clercq, P. & Degheele, D. (1997) Effects of mating status on body weight, oviposition, egg load, and predation in the predatory stinkbug Podisus maculiventris (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae). Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 90, 121–127.
Dispons, P. (1955) Les Réduvidés de l’Afrique nord-occidentale. Biologie et biogeographie. Mémoires du Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Ser. A, Zoologie, 10, 93–240.
Forero, D. (2004) Capítulo 5. Diagnosis de los géneros Neotropicales de la familia Reduviidae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera), y su distribución en Colombia (excepto Harpactorinae). In: Fernández, F., Andrade, G., Amat, G. (Eds.) Insectos de Colombia, vol. 3, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia, pp. 128–275
Gámez-Virués, S.; Eben, A. & Cervantes, P. L. (2003) Immature stages and life cycle of Repipta flavicans Stål and R. taurus (Fabricius) (Heteroptera: Reduviidae). Journal of the New York Entomological Society, 111, 126–137.
Gil-Santana, H.R., Zeraik, S.O. & Costa, L.A.A. (1999) Sinonimização dos gêneros Amilcaria Wygodzinsky, 1950 e Mayemesa Wygodzinsky, 1945 e descrição do macho de M. lapinhaensis (Wygodzinsky, 1950), combinação nova (Hemiptera, Reduviidae, Emesinae). Boletim do Museu Nacional, nova série, zoologia, 400, 1–10.
Gil-Santana, H.R. & Jurberg, J. (2003) Sobre a ocorrência de Emesa mourei Wygodzinsky, 1945 (Hemiptera, Reduviidae, Emesinae) em teias biológicas. Entomologia y Vectores, 10, 61–66.
Gillett, J.D. (1957) On the habits and life history of captive Emesinae bugs (Hemiptera: Reduviidae). Proceedings of the Royal Entomological Society of London, Series A, 32, 193–195.
Hagerty, A. M., Mcpherson, J. E. & Bradshaw, J. D. (2001) Life history and laboratory rearing of Emesaya b. brevipennis (Heteroptera: Reduviidae) in southern Illinois. Florida Entomologist, 84, 410–414.
Hinton, H.E. (1981) Biology of insect eggs. Vol. 1. Pergamon Press, Oxford, England, 473 pp.
Kasule, F.K. (1986) Repetitive mating and female fitness in Dysdercus cardinalis (Hemiptera: Pyrrhocoridae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 88, 191–199.
Lent, H. & Wygodzinsky, P. (1979) Revision of the Triatominae (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) and their significance as vectors of Chagas’ disease. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 163, 123–520.
Maldonado C., J. (1990) Systematic catalogue of the Reduviidae of the World. Caribbean Journal of Science, Special publication No. 1, University of Puerto Rico, Mayagüez, Puerto Rico, 694 pp.
Maldonado C., J. & Doesburg, P. H. van (1966) On some Emesinae from Dutch Guiana (Surinam), with a new species (Reduviidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 68, 325–329.
Maldonado C., J. & Farr, T.H. (1962) On some Jamaican Triatominae and Emesinae. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 64, 187–194.
Nagem, R.L.; Botelho, J.R; & Negromonte, M.R. da S. (1988) Bionomia de Cimex lectularius L. 1758 (Hemiptera, Cimicidae) em Belo Horizonte, MG. I. Observações sobre a oviposição e período de incubação dos ovos em laboratório. Revista Brasileira de Entomologia, 32, 323–329.
Odhiambo, T.R. (1968) The effects of mating in egg production in the cotton stainer, Dysdercus fasciatus. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata, 11, 369–388.
Odhiambo, T.R. & Arora, G.K. (1973) A comparative study of oocyte development in cotton stainers (Dysdercus spp., Pyrrhocoridae) and the factors that control egg production. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata, 16, 455–470.
Santiago-Blay, J.A. & Maldonado C.J. (1988) Observations on the true bugs Emesa tenerrima, a possible spider mimic, and Ghilianella borincana (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Emesinae) from Puerto Rico. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 90, 369–372.
Scudder, G.G.E. (1959) The female genitalia of the Heteroptera: Morphology and bearing on classification. Transactions of the Royal Entomological Society of London, 111, 405–467.
Usinger, R.L. (1941) Rediscovery of Emesaya brevicoxa and its occurrence in the webs of spiders (Hemiptera, Reduviidae). Bulletin of the Brooklyn Entomological Society, 36, 206–208.
Van der Hammen, T. (1998) Plan ambiental de la cuenca alta del río Bogotá. Análisis y orientaciones para el ordenamiento territorial, Corporación Autónoma Regional de Cundinamarca (CAR), Bogotá D.C., 142 pp.
Wang, Q. & Millar, J.G. (1997) Reproductive biology of Thyanta pallidovirens (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae). Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 90, 380–388.
Weirauch, C. & Forero, D. (2007) Kiskeya palassaina, new genus and new species of Saicinae (Heteroptera: Reduviidae) from the Dominican Republic. Zootaxa, 1468, 57-68.
Wygodzinsky, P. (1954) Apuntes sobre “Emesinae” Americanas (Reduviidae, Hemiptera). Acta Zoologica Lilloana, 14, 281–315.
Wygodzinsky, P. (1966) A monograph of the Emesinae (Reduviidae, Hemiptera). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 133, 1–614.