Abstract
A checklist of the fishes of the Coto River basin, southern Pacific, Costa Rica, compiled from field and museum surveys is presented. A total of 61 species, representing 48 genera, 26 families and 11 orders are listed. Peripheral species were dominant (44.3%), whereas secondary and primary freshwater species represented 32.8% and 23.9% of the total diversity. The orders Cyprinodontiformes (12 spp.) and Perciformes (11) and the families Poeciliidae (8) and Cichlidae (7) were the most diverse. Two species (Lutjanus guttatus and Polydactylus approximans) were new records for Costa Rican freshwaters and ten additional species were found to have expanded geographical ranges. An identification key and a complete photographic album of all fish species recorded are presented. This investigation provides a framework for future studies on fishes from this area complementing previous efforts seeking to increase our knowledge about the freshwater ichthyofauna of the central and southern Pacific regions of Costa Rica.
References
Alpírez, O.Q. (1985) Ictiofauna de la vertiente Pacífica de Costa Rica. Brenesia, 24, 297–318.
Álvarez, F.S., Herrera, D. & Angulo, A. (2018) First record of the highfin goby Gobionellus oceanicus (Gobiiformes: Gobiidae) in Costa Rican freshwaters. Cuadernos de Investigación UNED, 10 (2), 404–408.
https://doi.org/10.22458/urj.v10i2.2169
Angulo, A., Garita-Alvarado, C.A., Bussing, W.A. & López, M.I. (2013) Annotated checklist of the freshwater fishes of continental and insular Costa Rica: additions and nomenclatural revisions. Check List, 9 (5), 987–1019.
https://doi.org/10.15560/9.5.987
Angulo, A., Molina-Arias, A., Murase, A., Miyazaki, Y., Bussing, W.A. & López, M.I. (2015) Fishes from the Tusubres River basin, Pacific coast, Costa Rica: checklist, identification key and photographic album. Check List, 11 (3), 1–15.
https://doi.org/10.15560/11.3.1666
Angulo, A., Donascimiento, C., Lasso-Alcala, O.M., Farah-Pérez, A., Langeani, F. & McMahan, C.D. (2018) Redescription of Trichomycterus striatus (Meek & Hildebrand, 1913) (Siluriformes: Trichomycteridae), with notes on its geographic distribution. Zootaxa, 4420 (4), 530–550.
https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4420.4.5
Beggs, E. & Moore, E. (2013) The Social Landscape of African Oil Palm Production in the Osa and Golfito Region, Costa Rica. INOGO, Stanford Woods Institute for the Environment, San José, 32 pp.
Bussing, W.A. (1987) Peces de las aguas continentales de Costa Rica/Freshwater fishes of Costa Rica. Editorial Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, 271 pp.
Bussing WA (1998) Peces de las aguas continentales de Costa Rica/Freshwater fishes of Costa Rica. Editorial Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, 468 pp.
Bussing, W.A. & López, M.I. (2009) Marine fish. In: Wehrtmann, I.S. & Cortés, J. (Eds.), Marine biodiversity of Costa Rica, Central America. Springer, New York, pp. 53–458.
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-8278-8_42
Comte, I., Colin, F., Whalen, J.K., Grünberger, O. & Caliman, J.P. (2012) Agricultural practices in oil palm plantations and their impact on hydrological changes, nutrient fluxes and water quality in Indonesia: a review. Advances in Agronomy, 116, 71–124.
https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-394277-7.00003-8
Cortés, J. & Wehrtmann, I.S. (2009) Diversity of marine habitats of the Caribbean and Pacific of Costa Rica. In: Wehrtmann, I.S. & Cortés, J. (Eds.), Marine biodiversity of Costa Rica, Central America. Springer, New York, pp. 1–45.
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-8278-8_1
Espinoza, M. (2007) Composición y estructura de las comunidades de peces del río La Cañaza, Pacífico Sur de Costa Rica. Brenesia, 67, 35–43.
Fricke, R., Eschmeyer, W.N. & Van der Laan, R. (2019) Eschmeyer’s Catalog of Fishes: Genera, Species, References. Available from: http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatmain.asp (accessed 8 October 2019)
Froese, R. & Pauly, D. (2019) FishBase. Available from: https://www.fishbase.se (accessed 8 October 2019)
Hubbs, C.L. & Lagler, K.F. (1958) Fishes of the Great Lakes Region. University of Michigan Press, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 213 pp.
Huber, W., Weissenhofer, A., Zamora, N. & Weber, A. (2008) Plant diversity and biogeography of the Golfo Dulce region, Costa Rica. Stapfia, 88, 97–104.
Inoue, L.A.K.A., Neto, C.S. & Moraes, G. (2003) Clove oil as anaesthetic for juveniles of matrinxã Brycon cephalus (Gunther, 1869). Ciência Rural, 33 (5), 943–947.
http://doi.org/10.1590/S0103-84782003000500023
Krishnaswamy, J., Richter, D.D., Halpin, P.N. & Hofmockel, M.S. (2001) Spatial patterns of suspended sediment yields in a humid tropical watershed in Costa Rica. Hydrological Processes, 15, 2237–2257.
https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.230
Krishnaswamy, J., Kelkar, N. & Birkel, C. (2018) Positive and neutral effects of forest cover on dry-season stream flow in Costa Rica identified from Bayesian regression models with informative prior distributions. Hydrological Processes, 32, 3604–3614.
https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.13288
Matamoros, W.A., McMahan, C.D., Chakrabarty, P., Albert, J.S. & Schaefer, J.F. (2015) Derivation of the freshwater fish fauna of Central America revisited: Myers’s hypothesis in the twenty-first century. Cladistics, 31 (2), 177–188.
https://doi.org/10.1111/cla.12081
Myers, G.S. (1949) Salt-tolerance of fresh-water fish groups in relation to zoogeographical problems. Bijdragen tot de Dierkunde, 28, 315–322.
Pichler, C. & Schiemer, F. (2008) Ecology of fishes of Quebrada Negra, Costa Rica, a first order neotropical lowland stream. Stapfia, 88, 495–505.
Robertson, D.R. & Allen, G.R. (2015) Shorefishes of the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Online Information System. Available from: http://biogeodb.stri.si.edu/sftep/taxon.php (accessed 22 October 2019)
Rojas, J.R. & Rodríguez, O. (2008) Diversidad y abundancia ictiofaunística del río Grande de Térraba, sur de Costa Rica. Revista de Biología Tropical, 56 (3), 1429–1447.
https://doi.org/10.15517/rbt.v56i3.5720
Smith, S.A. & Bermingham, E. (2005) The biogeography of lower Mesoamerican freshwater fishes. Journal of Biogeography, 32, 1835–1854
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2699.2005.01317.x
Tan, K.T., Lee, K.T., Mohamed, A.R. & Bhatia, S. (2009) Palm oil: addressing issues and towards sustainable development. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 13 (2), 420–427.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2007.10.001
Weissenhofer, A., Huber, W., Mayer, V., Pamperl, S., Weber, A. & Aubrecht, G. (2008) Natural and cultural history of the Golfo Dulce region, Costa Rica. Land Oberösterreich, Oberösterreichische Landesmuseen, Biologiezentrum, 768 pp.
Zahawi, R.A., Duran, G. & Kormann, U. (2015) Sixty-seven years of land-use change in southern Costa Rica. PloS ONE, 10 (11), e0143554.