Abstract
Larvae of the Juan Fernández Splendid Perch, Callanthias platei Steindachner, 1898 (Teleostei: Callanthiidae), are described for the first time. The five available specimens, ranging from 3 mm notochord length (NL) to 6.1 mm standard length (SL), were collected with plankton nets near Desventuradas Islands, Southeast Pacific, during the austral spring of 2015 and 2016. The larvae are deep bodied with a narrow caudal peduncle, a large head and a triangular, coiled gut. The pigmentation is scarce in preflexion larvae but increases after flexion. All individuals have several groups of head spines: anterior and posterior preopercular, interopercular, subopercular, opercular and supracleithral. The formation of all fins occurs early in development, with the pectoral fins appearing first and the pelvic fins last. The osteological development of the skull, vertebral column, fins, and scales are described.
References
Anderson, W.D.Jr. & Johnson, G.D. (1984) A new species of Callanthias (Pisces: Perciformes: Percoidei: Callanthiidae). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 97, 942–950.
Anderson, W.D.Jr., Johnson, G.D. & Baldwin, C.C. (2015) Review of the splendid perches, Callanthias (Percoidei: Callanthiidae). Transactions of the American Philosophical Society, 105, 1–149.
Dingerkus, G. & Uhler, D.L. (1977) Enzyme clearing of alcian blue stained whole small vertebrates for demonstration of cartilage. Stain Technology, 52, 229–232.
https://doi.org/10.3109/10520297709116780
Dyer, B.S. & Westneat, M.W. (2010) Taxonomy and biogeography of the coastal fishes of Juan Fernández Archipelago and Desventuradas Islands, Chile. Revista de Biología Marina y Oceanografía, 45 (Supplement 1), 589–617.
https://doi.org/10.4067/S0718-19572010000400007
Fourmanoir, P. (1976) Formes post-larvaires et juveniles de poissons cotiers pris au chalut pélagique dans le sub-ouest Pacifique. Cahiers du Pacifique, 19, 47–88.
Johnson, G.D. (1984) Percoidei: Development and Relationships. In: Moser, H.G. (Ed.), Ontogeny and systematics of fishes. Special Publication No. 1. American Society of Ichthyologists and Herpetologists. Allen Press Inc., Lawrence, Kansas, pp. 464–469.
Kuiter, R.H. (2004) Basslets, hamlets, and their relatives: A comprehensive guide of selected Serranidae and Plesiopidae. The Marine Fish Family Series. TMC Publishing, Chorleywood, 216 pp.
Landaeta, M.F. & Castro, L.R. (2004) Concentration areas of ichthyoplankton around Juan Fernández Archipelago, Chile. Ciencia y Tecnología del Mar, 27 (2), 43–53. [in Spanish]
Leis, J.M. (1993) Minimum requirements for published descriptions of larval fish development. Japanese Journal of Ichthyology, 40 (3), 393–395.
Menegola, E., Broccia, M. & Giavini, E (2001) Atlas of rat fetal skeleton double stained for bone and cartilage, Teratology, 64, 125–133.
https://doi.org/10.1002/tera.1055
Miskiewicz, A.G., Baldwin, C.C., Leis, J.M. & Rennis, D.S. (2000) Callanthiidae. In: Leis, J.M. & Carson-Ewart, B.M. (Eds.), The larvae of Indo-Pacific coastal fishes: An identification guide to marine fish larvae. Brill, Leiden, pp. 280–284.
Neira, F.J., Miskiewicz, A.G. & Trnski, T. (1998) Larvae of temperate Australian fishes. Laboratory guide for larval fish identification. University of Western Australia Press, Australia.
Okiyama, M. (Ed.) (1988) An atlas of the early stage fishes in Japan. Tokai University Press, Tokio, xii + 1154 pp.
Pequeño, G. & Lamilla, J. (2000) The Littoral Fish Assemblage of the Desventuradas Islands (Chile) Has Zoogeographical Affinities with the Western Pacific. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 9, 431–437.
https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2699.2000.00207.x
Pequeño, G & Sáez, S. (2000) Los peces litorales del archipiélago de Juan Fernández (Chile): endemismo y relaciones ictiogeográficas. Investigaciones Marinas, 28, 27–37.
https://doi.org/10.4067/S0717-71782000002800004
Trnski, T. & Miskiewicz, A.G. (1998) Callanthiidae: Yellow-fin basses. In: Neira, F.J., Miskiewicz, A.G. & Trnski, T. (Eds.), Larvae of Temperate Australian Fishes. University of Western Australia Press, Perth, pp. 189–191.