Abstract
There are 44 species and subspecies of the genus Alopecosa known in Europe, and 13 of them have so far been listed as occurring in Poland. Alopecosa sulzeri (Pavesi, 1873) is a xero- and thermophilic species distributed in the western Palearctic. In Europe, it occurs primarily in the south-east, while it is rare in Central Europe. Between 2007 and 2013, we recorded the species in the central-eastern, north-western and south-western parts of Poland. The sites of A. sulzeri in Poland are located at the northern limit of the geographic range of the species in Europe. Alopecosa sulzeri was caught at four sites in three regions, exclusively in xerothermic grasslands: in the Podlasie Bug Gorge, the Lower Oder Valley and the Trzebnickie Hills. The sites may be relict, or they may provide evidence of the spread of the species from sites located in neighbouring countries. Further spread of stenotopic, xerophilous A. sulzeri in Poland, if continued, is likely to be a slow process, due to the limited number of suitable habitats.
References
Almquist, S. (2005) Swedish Araneae, part 1—families Atypidae to Hahniidae (Linyphiidae excluded). Insect Systematics & Evolution, Supplement, 62, 1–284.
Arachnologische Gesellschaft (2020) Atlas der Spinnentiere Europas. Available from: https://atlas.arages.de (accessed 21 July 2020)
Banaszak, J., Twerd, L., Sobieraj-Betlińska, A. & Kilińska, B. (2017) The Moravian Gate as route of migration of thermophilous bee species to Poland: fact or myth? A case study in the “Góra Gipsowa” steppe reserve and other habitats near Kietrz. Polish Journal of Entomology, 86, 141–164.
https://doi.org/10.1515/pjen-2017-0010
Baran, S. (1933) Materjały do fauny pająków (Araneida) okolic Rzeszowa. Sprawozdania Komisyi Fizjograficznej, Kraków, 67, 23–36.
Barrientos, J.A. (1979) La colección de Araneidos delDepartamento de Zoología de la Universidad de Sala-manca, II: familias Lycosidae, Oxyopidae y Pisauridae. Boletín de la Asociación española de Entomología, 3, 203–212.
Bauer, T. & Höfer, H. (2017) Erstnachweis von Oxyopes lineatus in Deutschland und faunistisch-taxonomische Anmerkungen zu weiteren besonderen Arten aus Baden-Württemberg (Araneae: Lycosidae, Oxyopidae, Salticidae, Thomisidae, Trachelidae). Arachnologische Mitteilungen/Arachnology Letters, 53, 29–37.
https://doi.org/10.5431/aramit5305
Blick, T., Bosmans, R., Buchar, J.P. Gajdoš, A. Hänggi, Helsdingen, P., Růžička, V. Staręga, W. & Thaler, K. (2004) Checkliste der Spinnen Mitteleuropas. Checklist of the spiders of Central Europe (Arachnida: Araneae). Version 1. December 2004. Available from: http://www.arages.de/checklist.html” l “2004_Araneae (accessed 1 December 2020)
Blick, T., Finch, O.-D., Harms, K.H., Kiechle, J, Kielhorn, K.-H., Kreuels, M., Malten, A., Martin, D., Muster, C., Nährig, D., Platen, R., Rödel, I., Scheidler, M., Staudt, A., Stumpf, H. & Tolke, D. (2016) Rote Liste und Gesamtartenliste der Spinnen (Arachnida: Araneae) Deutschlands. 3. Fassung, Stand: April 2008, einzelne Änderungen und Nachträge bis August 2015. Naturschutz und Biologische Vielfalt, 70, 383–510.
Buchar, J. & Žďárek, J. (1960) Die Arachnofauna der mittelböhmischen Waldsteppe. Acta Universitatis Carolinae Biologica, 1960, 87–102.
Česká arachnologická společnost (2020) Online atlas—Alopecosa sulzeri, online at: https://www.arachnology.cz/druh/alopecosa-sulzeri-42.html (accessed 29 July 2020)
Cieślak, E. (2015) Migration history of xerothermic plants on the area of the southern Poland, in terms of molecular data. Fragmenta Floristica et Geobotanica Polonica, 22, 3–13.
Czeszczewik, D., Czortek, P., Jaroszewicz, B., Zub, K., Rowiński, P. & Walankiewicz W. (2020) Climate change has cascading effects on tree masting and the breeding performance of a forest songbird in a primeval forest. Science of the Total Environment, 747, 142084.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142084
Dahl, F. & Dahl, M. (1927) Spinnentiere oder Arachnoidea. Lycosidae s. lat. (Wolfspinnen im weiteren Sinne). Die Tierwelt Deutschlands, 5, 1–80.
Dzwonko, Z. & Loster, S. (2008) Changes in plant species composition in abandoned and re- stored limestone grasslands. Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae, 77, 67–75.
https://doi.org/10.5586/asbp.2008.010
Fuhn, I.E. & Niculescu-Burlacu, F. (1971) Fam. Lycosidae. Fauna Republicii Socialiste România, Arachnida, 5, 1–253.
Gajdoš, P., Moscaliuc, A., Rozwałka, R., Hirina, A., Majkus, Z., Gubányi, A., Gábor, M.H. & Svatoň, J. (2014) Red list of spiders (Araneae) of the Carpathian Mts. In: Kadlečík, J. (Ed.), Carpathian red list of forest habitats and species. Carpathian list of invasive alien species (draft). The State nature conservancy of the Slovak Republic, Banská Bystrica, pp. 118–171.
Gajdoš, P., Svatoň, J. & Sloboda, K. (1999) Katalóg pavúkov Slovenska. Catalogue of Slovakian spiders. Mapy/maps. Ústav krajinnej ekológie Slovenskej akadémie vied, Bratislava, 315 pp.
Głowacki, Z. (1975) Zbiorowiska murawowe zachodniej części Wzgórz Trzebnickich. Prace Opolskiego Towarzystwa Przyjaciół Nauk, wydział III nauk przyrodniczych, PWN 100 pp.
Hajdamowicz, I., Stańska, M. & Rutkowski, T. (2014) Walckenaeria incisa (O.P.-Cambridge)—a rare European species, new to Poland (Araneae: Linyphiidae). Genus, 25, 357–363.
Hebda, G. & Rutkowski, T. (2013) Nowe dane o rozmieszczeniu pluskwiaków różnoskrzydłych (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) na Wzgórzach Trzebnickich. Opole Scientific Society Nature Journal, 46, 44–54.
Hejcman, M., Hejcmanová, P., Pavlů, V. & Beneš, J. (2013) Origin and history of grassland in Central Europe—a review. Grass and Forage Science, 68, 345–363.
https://doi.org/10.1111/gfs.12066
Hewitt, G.M. (1999) Post-glacial re-colonization of European biota. Biological Journal of Linnean Society, 68, 87–112.
https://doi.org/10.1006/bijl.1999.0332
Hu, J.L. & Wu, W.G. (1989) Spiders from agricultural regions of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China. Shandong University Publishing House, Jinan, 435 pp.
Košulič, O. & Hula, V. (2012) Investigation of spiders (Araneae) of the Nature Monument Jesličky (South Moravia, Czech Republic). Acta Universitatis Agriculturae Et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis, 60, 125–136.
https://doi.org/10.11118/actaun201260050125
Krehenwinkel, H. & Tautz, D. (2013) Northern range expansion of European populations of the wasp spider Argiope bruennichi is associated with global warming-correlated genetic admixture and population-specific temperature adaptations. Molecular Ecology, 22, 2232–2248.
https://doi.org/10.1111/mec.12223
Kumschick, S., Fronzek, S., Entling, M.H., & Nentwig, W. (2011) Rapid spread of the wasp spider Argiope bruennichi across Europe: a consequence of climate change? Climatic Change, 109, 319–329.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-011-0139-0
Kundzewicz, Z.W. & Matczak, P. (2012) Climate change regional review: Poland. Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews Climate Change, 3 (4), 297–311.
https://doi.org/10.1002/wcc.175
Kůrka, A., Řezáč, M., Macek, R. & Dolanský, J. (2015) Atlas Pavouci České republiky. Academia, Praha, 622 pp.
Kuśka, A. (2001) The weevils (Coleoptera: Rhynchitidae, Apionidae, Nanophyidae, Curculionidae) of the xerothermic places of Upper Silesia. Natura Silesiae Superioris, 5, 61–77.
Le Péru, B. (2007) Catalogue et répartition des araignées de France. Revue Arachnologique, 16, 1–468.
Leśniewska, M., Jastrzębski, P., Stańska, M. & Hajdamowicz, I. (2015) Centipede (Chilopoda) richness and diversity in the Bug River valley (Eastern Poland). ZooKeys, 510, 125–139.
https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.510.8763
Li, S.Q. & Lin, Y.C. (2016) Species catalogue of China. The Science Publishing Company, 2 (1), 1–549.
Liana, A. (1976) Prostoskrzydłe (Orthoptera) w siedliskach kserotermicznych na Wyżynie Małopolskiej. Fragmenta Faunistica, 20, 469–558.
https://doi.org/10.3161/00159301FF1976.20.25.469
Loksa, I. (1972) Pokok II—Araneae II. Fauna Hungariae, 109, 1–112.
Lugetti, G. & Tongiorgi, P. (1969) Ricerche sul genere Alopecosa Simon (Araneae-Lycosidae). Atti della Societa Toscana di Scienze Naturali, Memorie, Serie B, 76, 1–100.
Miedziński, K. (1934) Przyczynek; do fauny pająków okolicy Krotoszyna w Poznańskiem. Prace Komisji Matematyczno-Przyrodniczej Poznańskiego Towarzystwa Przyjaciół Nauk, B. 7, 1–6.
Mikhailov, K.G. (2013) The spiders (Arachnida: Aranei) of Russia and adjacent countries: a non-annotated checklist. Arthropoda Selecta. Supplement No. 3. KMK Scientific Press, Moscow, 260 pp.
Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle (Ed.) (2003–2020) National Inventory of Natural Heritage, online at: https://inpn.mnhn.fr (accessed 5 August 2020)
Morano, E., Carrillo J. & Cardoso P. (2014) Iberian spider catalogue. Version 3.1. Available from: http://www.ennor.org/iberia (accessed 16 December 2016)
Nentwig, W., Blick, T., Bosmans, R., Gloor, D., Hänggi, A. & Kropf, C. (2020) Spinnen Europas. Version 07.2020. Available from: https://www.araneae.nmbe.ch (accessed 23 July 2020).
Noflatscher, M.T. (1990) Zweiter Beitrag zur Spinnenfauna Südtirols: Epigäische Spinnen an Xerothermstandorten bei Säben, Guntschna und Castelfeder (Arachnida: Aranei). Berichte des Naturwissenschaftlich-medizinischen Vereins in Innsbruck, 77, 63–75.
Oleszczuk, M., Hajdamowicz, I. & Stańska, M. (2011) The distribution and habitat preferences of an extremely rare European spider—Glyphesis taoplesius (Araneae: Linyphiidae). Entomologica Fennica, 22, 15–20.
https://doi.org/10.33338/ef.4240
Otto, S. (2019) Caucasian Spiders. A faunistic database on the spiders of the Caucasus. Version 10.2019. Available from: https://caucasus-spiders.info/ (accessed 1 December 2020)
Pavesi, P. (1873) Catalogo sistematico dei ragni del cantone ticino con la loro distribuzione orizzontale e verticale e cenni sulla araneologia elvetica. Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Genova, 4, 5–215.
Pantini, P. & Isaia, M. (2019) Araneae.it: the online catalog of Italian spiders, with addenda on other arachnid orders occurring in Italy (Arachnida: Araneae, Opiliones, Palpigradi, Pseudoscorpionida, Scorpiones, Solifugae). http://araneae.it. Fragmenta Entomologica, 51, 127–152.
https://doi.org/10.4081/fe.2019.374
Petrusewicz, K. (1937) s.n. In: Katalog der echten Spinnen (Araneae) Polens. Vol. 3. Festschrift E. Strand, Riga, pp. 140–216.
Polchaninova, N.Y. & Prokopenko, E.V. (2013) Catalogue of the spiders (Arachnida, Aranei) of Left-Bank Ukraine. Arthropoda Selecta. Supplement No. 2. KMK Scientific Press, Moscow, 268 pp.
Polchaninova, N. & Prokopenko, E. (2019) An updated checklist of spiders (Arachnida: Araneae) of Left-Bank Ukraine. Arachnologische Mitteilungen, 57, 60–64.
https://doi.org/10.30963/aramit5711
Polchaninova, N.Y. & Prokopenko, E.V. (2017) Catalogue of the spiders (Arachnida, Aranei) of Left-Bank Ukraine. Addendum 1. 2013–2016. In: Mikhailov, K.G. (Ed.), Arthropoda Selecta. Supplement 4. KMK Scientific Press, Moscow, pp. 1–115.
Ponomarev, A.V., Bragina, T.M. & Shmatko, V.Y. (2017) New data on spiders (Aranei) of the Naurzum State Natural Reserve (Kostanay Region, Kazakhstan). Caucasian Entomological Bulletin, 13, 3–10.
https://doi.org/10.23885/1814-3326-2017-13-1-3-10
Prószyński, J. & Staręga, W. (1971) Pająki—Aranei. Katalog fauny Polski, 33. PWN, Warszawa, pp. 382.
Rozwałka, R. & Olbrycht, T. (2017) New records of several rare spider species (Araneae) from south-eastern Poland. Fragmenta faunistica, 60, 67–81.
https://doi.org/10.3161/00159301FF2017.60.1.067
Rozwałka, R. & Stachowicz, J. (2020) Katalog pająków (Araneae) województwa lubelskiego. Wyd. UKSW, Warszawa. [in press]
Samu, F. & Szinetár, C. (1999) Bibliographic check list of the Hungarian spider fauna. Bulletin of the British Arachnological Society, 11, 161–84.
Samu, F. & Szinetár, C. (2002) On the nature of agrobiont spiders. Journal of Arachnology, 30, 389–402.
https://doi.org/10.1636/0161-8202(2002)030[0389:OTNOAS]2.0.CO;2
Sienkiewicz, P. (2019) Carabid communities (Coleoptera, Carabidae) of xerothermic grasslands of the eastern edge of Central European Plain. Biodiversity—Ecology—Valorisation. Polish Entomological Monographs, vol. 18, Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Przyrodniczego w Poznaniu, Polish Entomological Society, Poznań, 195 pp.
Song, D.X. (1986) A revision of the Chinese wolf spiders of the genus Alopecosa described by Schenkel (Araneae: Lycosidae). Sinozoologia, 4, 73–82.
Song, D.X., Zhu, M.S. & Chen, J. (1999) The spiders of China. Hebei Science and Technology Publishing House, Shijiazhuang, 640 pp.
Stańska, M., Stański, T., Wielgosz, E. & Hajdamowicz, I. (2018) Impact of habitat complexity on the body size of two spider species: Alopecosa cuneata (Clerck 1757) and A. pulverulenta (Clerck 1757) (Araneae, Lycosidae) in river valley grasslands. Polish Journal of Environmental Studies.
https://doi.org/10.15244/pjoes/75806
Staręga, W. (1983) Wykaz krytyczny pająków (Aranei) Polski. Fragmenta faunistica, 27, 149–268.
https://doi.org/10.3161/00159301FF1983.27.11.149
Szafer, W. & Zarzycki, K. (Eds.) (1977) Szata roślinna Polski. PWN, Warszawa, I + 615 pp., II + 347 pp.
Thaler, K. & Buchar, J. (1994) Die Wolfspinnen von Österreich 1: Gattungen Acantholycosa, Alopecosa, Lycosa (Arachnida: Araneida: Lycosidae). Faunistisch-tiergeographische Übersicht. Carinthia II, 184/104, 357–375.
Von Broen, B. & Jakobitz, J. (2002) Bemerkungen über Wiederfunde von zwei „verschollenen Arten” und eine erstmalig nachgewiesene Spinnenart Brandenburgs. Arachnologische Mitteilungen, 23, 45–48.
https://doi.org/10.5431/aramit2304
Wąsowska, M. (2006) Chrysomelid communities (Chrysomelidae, Coleoptera) of xerothermic grasslands (Inuletum ensifoliae) in the Wyżyna Miechowska Uplands (Central Poland) Biologia, Bratislava, 61, 565–572
https://doi.org/10.2478/s11756-006-0091-z
World Spider Catalog (2020) World Spider Catalog. Version 21.5. Natural History Museum Bern, online at: http://wsc.nmbe.ch (accessed 23 July 2020)
Zieliński, D., Schwarz, C.J. & Ehrmann, R. (2018) Evaluation of the expansion of Mantis religiosa (L.) in Poland based on a questionnaire survey. Animal Biodiversity and Conservation, 41.2, 275–280.
https://doi.org/10.32800/abc.2018.41.0275