Abstract
Haplaxius is a large genus of cixiid planthoppers that is widespread in the New World and economically important due to the role of H. crudus in transmitting palm lethal decline phytoplasmas. A new species of Haplaxius, here described as Haplaxius pocococo sp. n., was discovered during survey work on palms in north-central Costa Rica. Placement in Haplaxius is supported by sequence analysis of the COI and 18S genes relative to congeners and by morphological characters.
References
Bahder, B.W., Bartlett, C.R., Barrantes, E.A.B., Zumbado, M.A.Z., Humphries, A.R., Helmick, E.E., Goss, E.M. & Ascunce, M.S. (2019) A new genus and species of cixiid planthopper (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha: Fulgoroidea) from the Reserva Privada el Silencio de Los Angeles Cloud Forest in Costa Rica. Zootaxa, 4701 (1), 65–081.
https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4701.1.5
Bahder, B.W., Barrantes, E.A.B., Zumbado, M.A.Z., Mou, D., Helmick, E.E. & Bartlett, C.R. (2020) A new species of planthopper in the genus Haplaxius (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha: Fulgoroidea: Cixiidae) on palm in Costa Rica and a new country record for Haplaxius skarphion. Zootaxa, 4767 (4), 543–552.
https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4767.4.4
Echavarria, M.A.Z., Barrantes, E.A.B., Bartlett, C.R., Helmick, E.E. & Bahder, B.W. (2021) A new species of planthopper in the genus Myxia (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha: Cixiidae) from the Reserva Privada el Silencio de Los Angeles Cloud Forest in Costa Rica. Zootaxa, 4915 (3), 351–363.
https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4915.3.4
Bartlett, C.R., O’Brien, L.B. & Wilson, S.W. (2014) A review of the planthoppers (Hemiptera: Fulgoroidea) of the United States. Memoirs of the American Entomological Society, 50, 1–287.
Bourgoin, T. (1988) A new interpretation of the homologies of the Hemiptera male genitalia illustrated by the Tettigometridae (Hemiptera, Fulgoromorpha). In: Vidano, C. & Arzone, A. (Eds.). Proceedings of the 6th Auchenorrhyncha Meeting, Turin, Italy, 7–11 September 1987. Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche. IPRA Rome, pp. 113–120.
Bourgoin, T. (2020) FLOW (Fulgoromorpha Lists on The Web): a world knowledge base dedicated to Fulgoromorpha. Version 8, updated 30 March 2020. Available from: http://hemiptera-databases.org/flow/ (accessed 15 September 2020)
Bourgoin, T. & Huang, J. (1990) Morphologie compare des genitalia males des Trypetimorphini et remarques phylogénétiques (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha: Tropiduchidae). Annales de la Société entomologique de France, 26, 555–564.
Bourgoin, T., Wang, R.R., Asche, M., Hoch, H., Soulier-Perkins, A., Stroinski, A., Yap, S. & Szwedo, J. (2015) From micropterism to hyperpterism: recognition strategy and standardized homology-driven terminology of the forewing venation patterns in planthoppers (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha). Zoomorphology, 134 (1), 63–77.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00435-014-0243-6
Caldwell, J.S. (1946) Notes on Haplaxius Fowler with descriptions of new species (Homoptera, Cixiidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 48 (8), 203–206.
Dzido, J.-L., Sánchez, R., Dollet, M., Julia, J.-F., Narvaez, M., Fabre, S. & Oropeza, C. (2020) Haplaxius crudus (Hemiptera: Cixiidae) transmits the lethal yellowing phytoplasmas, 16SrIV, to Pritchardia pacifica Seem. & H.Wendl (Arecaceae) in Yucatan, Mexico. Neotropical Entomology, 2020, 1–11 pp. [preprint]
https://doi.org/10.1007/s13744-020-00799-2
Folmer, O., Black, M., Hoeh, W., Lutz, R. & Vrijenhoek, R. (1994) DNA primers for amplification of mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I from diverse metazoan invertebrates. Molecular Marine Biology and Biotechnology, 3 (5), 294–299.
Fowler, W.W. (1904) Order Rhynchota. Suborder Hemiptera-Homoptera. (Continued). Biologia Centrali-Americana, 1, 85–124.
Emeljanov, A.F. (2007) New and little known taxa of the family Cixiidae (Homoptera, Fulgoroidea). Entomologicheskoe Obozrenie, 86 (1), 107–131. [in Russian, English translation Entomological Review, 87 (3), 287–308 (2007)]
https://doi.org/10.1134/S0013873807030062
Howard, F.W. & Thomas, D.L. (1980) Transmission of palm lethal decline to Veitchia merrillii by a planthopper Myndus crudus. Journal of Economic Entomology, 73 (5), 715–717.
https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/73.5.715
Humphries, A.R., Ascunce, M.S., Goss, E.M., Helmick, E.E., Bartlett, C.R., Myrie, W., Barrantes, E.A.B., Zumbado, M.A.Z., Bustillo, A.E. & Bahder, B.W. (2021) Genetic variability of Haplaxius crudus based on the 5’ region of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene shed light on the epidemiology of palm lethal decline phytoplasmas. Phytofrontiers. [accepted]
Kramer, J.P. (1979) Taxonomic study of the planthopper genus Myndus in the Americas (Homoptera: Fulgoroidea: Cixiidae). Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 105 (3), 301–389.
Kumar, S., Stecher, G. & Tamura, K. (2016) MEGA7: Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis version 7.0 for bigger datasets. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 33, 1870–1874.
https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msw054
Muir, F.A.G. (1922) New Malayan Cixiidae (Homoptera). Philippine Journal of Science, 20, 111–119.
Mou, D., Humphries, A.R., Soto, N., Helmick, E.E., Ascunce, M.S., Goss, E.M. & Bahder, B.W. (2020) A survey of auchenorrhynchan insects for identification of potential vectors of the 16SrIV-D phytoplasma in Florida. Florida Entomologist, 103 (3), 344–352.
https://doi.org/10.1653/024.103.0306Spinola, M. (1839) Essai sur les Fulgorelles, sous-tribu de la tribu des Cicadaires, ordre des Rhyngotes. Annales de la Société Entomologique de France, 8, 133–337.