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Type: Monograph
Published: 2021-05-07
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Annotated world checklist of the Trombiculidae and Leeuwenhoekiidae (1758–2021) (Acari: Trombiculoidea), with notes on nomenclature, taxonomy, and distribution

Nebraska Department of Agriculture, 301 Centennial Mall South, Lincoln, Nebraska 68509 USA.
Walter Reed Biosystematics Unit, Department of Entomology, Smithsonian Institution, MSC, MRC 534, 4210 Silver Hill Road, Suitland, Maryland 20746 USA, and Department of Entomology, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, 503 Robert Grant Avenue, Silver Spring, Maryland 20910, USA.
Walter Reed Biosystematics Unit, Department of Entomology, Smithsonian Institution, MSC, MRC 534, 4210 Silver Hill Road, Suitland, Maryland 20746 USA, and Department of Entomology, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, 503 Robert Grant Avenue, Silver Spring, Maryland 20910, USA. Mailing address: 204 Draymore Way, Cary, North Carolina 27519, USA
Acari checklist chigger mites Trombiculoidea taxonomy biogeography

Abstract

The superfamily Trombiculoidea is a large and diverse group of acarines that comprises six families; of these, the families Trombiculidae and Leeuwenhoekiidae are characterized by larvae commonly known as chiggers that are parasites of terrestrial vertebrates, including humans, and some species are of medical importance as vectors of chigger-borne rickettsiosis (scrub typhus), caused by the rickettsia Orientia tsutsugamushi.  This paper presents an annotated checklist of 3,013 generally accepted chigger species, together with their distribution by zoogeographic region, and a non-comprehensive list of synonyms.  A total of 58 new combinations are proposed by transferring species to different genera, treating some subgenera as genera, or updating current generic names. The checklist updates earlier catalogs of the world chigger fauna, but because the literature on chigger taxonomy is voluminous and scattered, similar, regional monographs were utilized in constructing the classificatory foundation.  This list may not contain every species, synonym or taxonomic rearrangement that has been published, but it reflects the most recent arrangement of chigger taxa.  Distribution records are primarily drawn from collection sites listed in the original species descriptions, together with subsequently published geographical records.

 

References

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    Brennan, J.M. (1970b) Colicus, a new Neotropical genus with descriptions of two new species and key to included species (Acarina: Trombiculidae). Journal of Medical Entomology, 7, 271–272.

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    Brennan, J.M. (1971b) Endoparasitic chiggers: VI. Neoschoengastia esorhina sp. n. (Acarina: Trombiculidae), a second intranasal chigger of birds. Journal of Parasitology, 57, 666–667.

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    Brennan, J.M. (1972a) Buclypeus, new genus for Trombicula ignota Brennan, T. rotundiscutata Fauran, and two new species (Acarina: Trombiculidae). Journal of Parasitology, 58, 1178–1181.

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    Brennan, J.M. (1973) Revival of Vanidicus, Brennan and Jones, 1961, descriptions of two new species of the genus from Venezuela and notes on related taxa (Acarina: Trombiculidae). Journal of Medical Entomology, 10, 107–109.

    Brennan, J.M. & Amerson, A.B. (1971) Six new species and additional records of chiggers from the central Pacific (Acarina: Trombiculidae). Journal of Parasitology, 57, 1311–1317.

    Brennan, J.M. & Beck, D.E. (1955) The chiggers of Utah (Acarina: Trombiculidae). Great Basin Naturalist, 15, 1–26.

    Brennan, J.M. & Dalmat, H.T. (1960) Chiggers of Guatemala (Acarina: Trombiculidae). Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 53, 183–191.

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    Brennan, J.M. & Goff, M.L. (1977b) The Neotropical genus Hoffmannina: four new species and other records from Mexico, Panama and Venezuela (Acarina: Trombiculidae). Journal of Parasitology, 63, 908–914.

    Brennan, J.M. & Goff, M.L. (1978a) Three new monotypic genera of chiggers (Acari: Trombiculidae) from South America. Journal of Medical Entomology, 14, 541–544.

    Brennan, J.M. & Goff, M.L. (1978b) Two new species of Crotiscus (Acari: Trombiculidae) from northern South America. Journal of Medical Entomology, 14, 569–572.

    Brennan, J.M. & Goff, M.L. (1979a) A new species of Atelepalme (Acari: Trombiculidae) from Venezuela. Acarologia, 20, 241–243.

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    Brennan, J.M. & Jones, E.K. (1954) A report on the chiggers (Acarina: Trombiculidae) of the Frances Simes Hastings Natural History Reservation, Monterey County, California. Wasmann Journal of Biology, 12, 155–194.

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    Daniel, M. & Stekolnikov, A.A. (2006) Three new species and new records of chigger mites (Acari: Trombiculidae) from Cuba. Acarina, 14, 69–78.

    Daniel, M. & Stekolnikov, A.A. (2009) Chigger mites (Acari: Trombiculidae) from Makalu Region in Nepal Himalaya, with description of three new species. Journal of Medical Entomology, 46, 753–765.

    https://doi.org/10.1603/033.046.0405

    Daniel, M., Stekolnikov, A.A., Hakimitabar, M. & Saboori, A. (2010) Chigger mites (Acari, Trombiculidae) parasitizing small mammals in the Eastern Hindu Kush and some other Afghan areas. Parasitology Research, 107, 1221–1233.

    https://doi.org/10.1007/s00436-010-1992-x

    Daniel, M. & Vercammen-Grandjean, P.H. (1985) Holubicula toroensis g. n., sp. n. (Acari: Trombiculidae), parasitic on the bat Tadarida condylura in SW Uganda. Folia Parasitologica, 32, 93–95.

    Daniel, M. & Zanina, Z.I. (1966) Deux nouvelles larves de Neotrombicula (Acari: Trombiculidae) de Tadjikistan (U.S.S.R.). Acarologia, 8, 78–85.

    Davis, R.M. & Loomis, R.B. (1971) The intranasal chigger Microtrombicula merrihewi (Acarina: Trombiculidae) in the North American free-tailed bat, Tadarida brasiliensis. Southwestern Naturalist, 15, 437–458.

    De la Cruz, J. & Daniel, M. (1994) Chigger mites (Acarina: Leeuwenhoekiidae) from Cuba. Folia Parasitologica, 41, 71–74.

    *Derrick, E.H., Smith, D.J.W., Brown, H.E. & Freeman, M. (1939) The role of the bandicoot in the epidemiology of “Q” fever: a preliminary survey. Medical Journal of Australia, 1, 150–155. (cited in Wharton and Fuller 1952)

    Dohany, A.L. & Cromroy H.L. (1976) New records of chiggers (Acarina: Trombiculidae) from Florida. Florida Entomologist, 59, 183–190.

    https://doi.org/10.2307/3493969

    Domrow, R. (1957) Malaysian parasites XXXI. Nymphs of Ascoschoengastia Ewing and Laurentella Audy (Acarina, Trombiculidae). Studies from the Institute for Medical Research, Federation of Malaya, (28), 394–402.

    Domrow, R. (1958) Acarina from Australian bats. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales, 83, 227–240.

    Domrow, R. (1960a) The genus Guntherana (Acarina: Trombiculidae). Pacific Insects, 2, 195–237.

    Domrow, R. (1960b) Malaysian parasites XLII. Oculicola, new subgenus of Ascoschoengastia Ewing (Acarina): Trombiculidae from eyes of mammals. Studies from the Institute for Medical Research, Federation of Malaya, (29), 177–184.

    Domrow, R. (1961) New and little known Laelaptidae, Trombiculidae, and Listrophoridae (Acarina) from Australasia mammals. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales, 86, 60–95.

    Domrow, R. (1962a) The Asian species of Whartonia (Acarina, Trombiculidae). Treubia, 26, 1–9.

    Domrow, R. (1962b) Four new species of Laurentella from S.E. Asia (Acarina: Trombiculidae). Acarologia, 4, 586–594.

    Domrow, R. (1962c) The genus Schoutedenichia in S.E. Asia (Acarina: Trombiculidae). Acarologia, 4, 357–361.

    Domrow, R. (1962d) The genus Siseca in Australia (Acarina: Trombiculidae). Journal of the Entomological Society of Queensland, 1, 21–24.

    Domrow, R. (1962e) The genus Walchiella (Acarina, Trombiculidae). Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales, 87, 105–115.

    Domrow, R. (1962f) Seven new Oriental-Australasian chiggers (Acarina, Trombiculidae). Treubia, 26, 39–56.

    Domrow, R. (1964) Five new chiggers of the genera Guntherana and Trombicula (Acarina, Trombiculidae). Acarologia, 6, 324–335.

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