Abstract
Recent survey efforts in the Neotropics have documented a variety of new species of planthoppers associated with palms. Herein, a new species, Herpis soros sp. n., is described from palms in lowland tropical rainforest from Costa Rica. Other species in the genus (H. metcalfi, H. albida, and H. fuscovittata) are evaluated to provide an updated diagnosis of the genus Herpis. The New World Phaciocephalus is examined because two species were described in the genus Herpis with P. fimbriolata being recorded for both Herpis and Phaciocephalus. After examining holotype material for the New World Phaciocephalus, two species were determined to belong to other genera resulting in new combinations Oropuna orba comb. n. and Persis (Anapersis) pallidovenosa comb. n. The synonymy of Syntames with Herpis is reviewed, with S. fuscus moved to Oropuna as Oropuna fusca comb. n. Finally, molecular analysis of the new species based on COI and 18S show strong support for H. soros sp. n. as a distinct clade relative to all other cenchreines available.
References
Bahder, B.W., Bartlett, C.R., Barrantes, E.A.B., Echavarria, M.A.Z., Humphries, A.R., Helmick, E.E., Ascunce, M.S. & Goss, E.M. (2019) A new species of Omolicna (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha: Fulgoroidea: Derbidae) from coconut palm in Costa Rica and new country records for Omolicna brunnea and Omolicna triata. Zootaxa, 4577 (3), 501–514. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4577.3.5
Bahder, B.W., Zumbado Echavarria, M.A., Barrantes E.A.B., Helmick, E.E. & Bartlett, C.R. (2021) A new genus and two new species of planthopper in the tribe Cenchreini (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha: Derbidae) from lowland tropical rainforest in Costa Rica, Zootaxa, 4908 (3), 369–392. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4908.3.3
Bartlett, C.R., O’Brien, L.B. & Wilson, S.W. (2014) A review of the planthoppers (Hemiptera: Fulgoroidea) of the United States. Memoirs of the American Entomological Society, 50, 1–287.
Bourgoin, T. (1988) A new interpretation of the homologies of the Hemiptera male genitalia illustrated by the Tettigometridae (Hemiptera, Fulgoromorpha). In: Vidano, C. & Arzone, A. (Eds.), Proceedings of the 6th Auchenorrhyncha Meeting, Turin, Italy, 7–11 September 1987. Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, IPRA, Rome, pp. 113–120.
Bourgoin, T. (2021) FLOW (Fulgoromorpha Lists on The Web): a world knowledge base dedicated to Fulgoromorpha. Version 8. Updated 23 February 2021. Available from: http://hemiptera-databases.org/flow/ (accessed 23 February 2021)
Bourgoin, T. & Huang, J. (1990) Morphologie comparée des genitalia mâles des Trypetimorphini et remarques phylogénétiques (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha: Tropiduchidae). Annales de la Société Entomologique de France, Nouvelle Serie, 26, 555–564.
Bourgoin, T., Wang, R.R., Asche, M., Hoch, H., Soulier-Perkins, A., Stroinski, A., Yap, S. & Szwedo, J. (2015) From micropterism to hyperpterism: recognition strategy and standardized homology-driven terminology of the forewing venation patterns in planthoppers (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha). Zoomorphology, 134 (1), 63–77. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00435-014-0243-6
Broomfield, P.S. (1985) Taxonomy of Neotropical Derbidae in the new tribe Mysidiini (Homoptera). Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Entomology, 50 (1), 1–152.
Caldwell, J.S. (1944) The tribe Cenchreini with special references to the Cenchrea complex (Homoptera: Derbidae). Bulletin of the Brooklyn Entomological Society, 39, 99–110.
Dollet, M., Fidelis, E.G., Dos Passos, E., Da Silva, F., Aberlenc, H.P., Schurt, D.A., Bahder, B., Diniz, L.C. & Bartlett, C.R. (2020) Derbid planthoppers (Hemiptera: Fulgoroidea: Derbidae) associated with coconut and oil palm in Brazil. Neotropical Entomology, 49, 722–738. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13744-020-00788-5
Dworakowska, I. (1988) Main veins of the wings of Auchenorrhyncha (Insecta, Rhynchota: Hemelytrata). Entomologische Abhandlungen Staatliches Museum für Tierkunde Dresden, 52 (3), 63–108.
Emeljanov, A.F. (1996) On the system and phylogeny of the family Derbidae (Homoptera, Cicadina). Entomological Review, 75 (2), 70–100. [English translation of Entomologicheskoe Obozrenie, 73 (4), 783–811 (1994) from Russian]
Fabricius, J.C. (1803) Rhyngota. In: Systema rhyngotorum: secundum ordines, genera, species: adiectis synonymis, locis, observationibus, descriptionibus. C. Reichard. Brunsvigae, pp. 1–101.
Fennah, R.G. (1952) On the generic classification of Derbidae (Homoptera: Fulgoroidea) with descriptions of new Neotropical species. Transactions of the Royal Entomological Society of London, 103 (4), 109–170. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2311.1952.tb01063.x
Folmer, O., Black, M., Hoeh, W., Lutz, R. & Vrijenhoek, R. (1994) DNA primers for amplification of mitochondrial cytochrome C oxidase subunit I from diverse metazoan invertebrates. Molecular Marine Biology and Biotechnology, 3 (5), 294–299.
Fowler, W.W. (1905) Order Rhynchota. Suborder Hemiptera-Homoptera. (Continued). Biologia Centrali-Americana, 1, 125–139.
Kirkaldy, G.W. (1906) Leafhoppers and their natural enemies. (Pt. IX Leafhoppers. Hemiptera). Bulletin of the Hawaiian Sugar Planters’ Association Experiment Station. Division of Entomology, 1 (9), 271–479.
Kumar, S., Stecher, G. & Tamura, K. (2016) MEGA7: Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis version 7.0 for bigger datasets. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 33, 1870–1874. https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msw054
McAtee, W.L. (1924) Notes on Cenchrea Westwood and Cedusa Fowler in America (Homoptera: Fulgoroidea). Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 17, 175–186. https://doi.org/10.1093/aesa/17.2.175
Metcalf, Z.P. (1938) The Fulgorina of Barro Colorado and other parts of Panama. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College, 83 (5), 277–423.
Metcalf, Z.P. (1945a) General Catalogue of the Hemiptera. Fascicle IV. Fulgoroidea. Part 4. Derbidae. Smith College, Northhampton, Massachusetts, 212 pp.
Metcalf, Z.P. (1945b) Fulgoroidea (Homoptera) of Kartabo, Bartica District, British Guiana. Zoologica [Scientific contributions of the New York Zoological Society], 30 (3), 125–143.
Muir, F.A.G. (1913) On some new species of leafhoppers. Part II. Derbidae. Bulletin of the Hawaiian Sugar Planters’ Association Experiment Station, Division of Entomology, 12, 28–92.
Muir, F.A.G. (1917) The Derbidae of the Philippine Islands. Philippine Journal of Science, 12, 49–105.
Muir, F.A.G. (1918) Notes on the Derbidae in the British Museum collection.-I. Zoraidinae. Entomologist’s Monthly Magazine, 54, 173–177.
Muir, F.A.G. (1924) Notes on some genera of Derbidae (Hemip.). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 26, 15–19.
O’Brien, L.B. (1982) Two Neotropical derbid genera with observations on wing rolling (Fulgoroidea: Homoptera). Florida Entomologist, 65 (3), 306–321.
O’Brien, L.B. (1987) Corrections and additions to Metcalf’s “The Fulgorina of Barro Colorado and other parts of Panama” (Homoptera: Fulgoroidea). Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 80 (3), 379–390. https://doi.org/10.1093/aesa/80.3.379
Simon, C., Frati, F., Beckenbach, A., Crespi, B., Liu, H. & Flook, P. (1994) Evolution, weighting, and phylogenetic utility of mitochondrial gene sequences and a compilation of conserved polymerase chain reaction primers. Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 87 (6), 651–701. https://doi.org/10.1093/aesa/87.6.651
Spinola, M. (1839) Essai sur les Fulgorelles, sous-tribu des Cicadaires, ordre des Rhyngotes. Annales de la Société Entomologique de France, 8, 133–337.
Stål, C. (1862) Bidrag till Rio de Janeiro-tratkens Hemipterfauna. II. Handlingar. Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps-Akademien, 3 (6), 1–75.
Synave, H. (1973) Monographie des Derbidae Africains (Homoptera-Fulgoroidea). Etudes du Continent Africain [Etudes et Contributions Africaines], 2, 1–223.
Urban, J.M. & Cryan, J.R. (2007) Evolution of the planthoppers (Insecta: Hemiptera: Fulgoroidea). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 42 (2), 556–572. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2006.08.009