Abstract
Simulium hasekei new species is described from the Alps of Austria. It is characterized by a broad trapezoidal ventral plate in the male, long straight arms of the genital fork in the female, a well-developed anterodorsal projection on the weakly woven cocoon, and a deep rounded postgenal cleft and strong paralateral hypostomal teeth in the larva. The species is chromosomally most similar to the Holarctic S. bicorne Dorogostaisky, Rubtsov & Vlasenko and S. fontinale Radzivilovskaya and the Nearctic S. craigi Adler & Currie. It is known from one small ponor brook, in association with S. aureum (Fries) s. s., S. beltukovae (Rubtsov), and Simulium vernum Macquart s. s.
References
Adler, P.H. (2020) World blackflies (Diptera: Simuliidae): a comprehensive revision of the taxonomic and geographical inventory [2020]. Available from: http://www.clemson.edu/cafls/biomia/pdfs/blackflyinventory.pdf (accessed 15 January 2021)
Adler, P.H., Currie, D.C. & Wood, D.M. (2004) The Black Flies (Simuliidae) of North America. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, New York, xv + 941 pp., 24 color pls.
Adler, P.H., Kúdelová, T., Kúdela, M., Seitz, G. & Ignjatović-Ćupina, A. (2016) Cryptic biodiversity and the origins of pest status revealed in the macrogenome of Simulium colombaschense (Diptera: Simuliidae), history’s most destructive black fly. PLoS ONE, 11 (1), e0147673. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0147673
Adler, P.H., Srisuka, W. & Saeung, A. (2020a) Cryptic species of black flies (Diptera: Simuliidae) at high elevations in the Oriental Region: the Simulium vernum species group in Thailand. Acta Tropica, 205, 105393. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actatropica.2020.105393
Adler, P.H., Takaoka, H. & Ruiz-Arrondo, I. (2020b) Chromosomal relationships of two new species of black flies in the Simulium vernum Macquart species-group (Diptera: Simuliidae) from Nepal. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 122, 735–749. https://doi.org/10.4289/0013-8797.122.4.735
Aspöck, H. (2008) Postglacial formation and fluctuations of the biodiversity of Central Europe in the light of climate change. Parasitology Research, 103 (Supplement 1), S7–S10. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00436-008-1057-6
Boroviczeny, F., Graf, W., Hofmann, T., Kralik, M., Mandl, G., Scheidleder, A., Schubert, G., Stichler, W. & Trimborn, P. (2001) Pilotprojekt “Karstwasser Dachstein“. Band 2. Karsthydrologie und Kontaminationsrisiko von Quellen. Monographien UBA Bd. 108/Archiv für Lagerstättenforschung Band 21. Umweltbundesamt GmbH, Wien, 10 pp.
Brockhouse, C. (1985) Sibling species and sex chromosomes in Eusimulium vernum (Diptera: Simuliidae). Canadian Journal of Zoology, 63, 2145–2161. https://doi.org/10.1139/z85-316
Hunter, F.F. (1987) Cytotaxonomy of four European species in the Eusimulium vernum group (Diptera: Simuliidae). Canadian Journal of Zoology, 65, 3102–3115. https://doi.org/10.1139/z87-470
Hunter, F.F. (2002) Polytene chromosomes of Simulium craigi (Diptera: Simuliidae). Genetica, 114, 207–215. https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1016294203298
Ilmonen, J., Adler, P.H., Malmqvist, B. & Cywinska, A. (2009) The Simulium vernum group (Diptera: Simuliidae) in Europe: multiple character sets for assessing species status. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 156, 847–863. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2009.00500.x
Prenner, F. (2011) Klimatische Verhältnisse in unterschiedlichen Dolinen in der nördlichen Steiermark. Unpublished diploma thesis, Universität Graz, 119 S.
Rivosecchi, L. (1978) Simuliidi (Diptera Nematocera). Edizioni Calderini, Bologna, 533 pp.
Remschak, C. & Haseke, H. (2019) Benthosuntersuchungen in Bächen, Quellen und Teichen im Rahmen des LIFE+ Projektes Ausseerland (Steirisches Salzkammergut). Mitteilungen des Naturwissenschaftlichen Vereines für Steiermark, Graz, Bd. 149, S. 83–143.
Seitz, G. & Adler, P.H. (2009) A new species of the Simulium vernum group (Diptera: Simuliidae) from the Alps of southeastern Germany. Aquatic Insects, 31, 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1080/01650420802425158
Seitz, G., Adler, P.H. & Forster, M. (2015) A new species, Simulium (Nevermannia) berchtesgadense (Diptera: Simuliidae), and its chromosomes, from the Alps of southeastern Germany. Zootaxa, 3937 (2), 248–262. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3937.2.2
Seitz, G. & Adler, P.H. (2017) A new species in the Simulium vernum group from the Alps of southern Germany: Simulium arminii (Diptera: Simuliidae). Zootaxa, 4226 (3), 390–404. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4226.3.4
Seitz, G. (2019) Kriebelmücken (Simuliidae). In: Remschak, C. & Haseke, H. (Eds.), Benthosuntersuchungen in Bächen, Quellen und Teichen im Rahmen des LIFE+ Projektes Ausseerland (Steirisches Salzkammergut). Mitteilungen des Naturwissenschaftlichen Vereines für Steiermark, Graz, Bd. 149, pp. 119–124.