Abstract
Ctenophores are fragile gelatinous organisms whose diversity and distribution are relatively unknown. For the first time, the occurrence of four planktonic species, namely Ocyropsis crystallina, Eurhamphaea vexilligera, Cestum veneris, and Beroe sp., was reported from Madeira archipelago waters (NE subtropical Atlantic). This report represents the northernmost records in the Eastern Atlantic Ocean for O. crystallina and E. vexilligera.
References
Agassiz, A. (1865) North American Acalephæ. Illustrated Catalogue of the Museum of Comparative Zoölogy at Harvard College, 2, 1–234.
Alves, F., Canning-Clode, J., Ribeiro, C., Gestoso, I. & Kaufmann, M. (2019) Local benthic assemblages in shallow rocky reefs find refuge in a marine protected area at Madeira Island. Journal of Coastal Conservation, 23, 373–383. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11852-018-0669-y
Bigelow, H.B. (1904) Medusae from the Maldive Islands. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College, 39, 245–269.
Biscoito, M., Ribeiro, C. & Freitas, M. (2018) Annotated checklist of the fishes of the archipelago of Madeira (NE Atlantic): I—Chondrichthyes. Zootaxa, 4429 (3), 459–494. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4429.3.2
Boersma, M., Malzahn, A.M., Greve, W. & Javidpour, J. (2007) The first occurrence of the ctenophore Mnemiopsis leidyi in the North Sea. Helgoland Marine Research, 61, 153–155. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10152-006-0055-2
Cacabelos, E., Gestoso, I., Ramalhosa, P., Riera, L., Neto, A.I. & Canning-Clode, J. (2019) Intertidal assemblages across boulders and continous rocky shores: a multi-scale approach in a subtropical island. Marine Biodiversity, 49 (6), 2709–2723. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12526-019-01000-7
Chi, X., Dierking, J., Hoving, H., Lüskow, F., Denda, A., Christiansen, B., Sommer, U., Hansen, T. & Javidpour, J. (2020) Tackling the jelly web : Trophic ecology of gelatinous zooplankton in oceanic food webs of the eastern tropical Atlantic assessed by stable isotope analysis. Limnology & Oceanography, 66 (2), 289–305. https://doi.org/10.1002/lno.11605
Christiansen, B., Buchholz, C., Buchholz, F., Chi, X., Christiansen, S., Denda, A., Hauss, H., Hoving, H.J.T., Janßen, S., Kaufmann, M., Kronschnabel, A., Lüskow, F., Martin, B., Merten, V., Silva, P., Pinheiro, N., Springer, B., Zankl, S. & Zeimet, T. (2016) SEAMOX: The influence of Seamounts and oxygen minimum zones on pelagic fauna in the Eastern Tropical Atlantic—Cruise No. MSM49—November 28–December 21, 2015—Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (Spain)—Mindelo (Republic of Cape Verde). MARIA S. MERIAN-Berichte, MSM49, 1–42. https://doi.org/10.2312/cr_msm49
Chun, C. (1879) Die im Golf von Neapel erscheinenden Rippenquallen. Mittelmeer Zoologischen Station von Neapel zugleich repert Mittelmeerkd, 1, 180–217.
Chun, C. (1898) Die Ctenophoren der Plankton-Expedition. Ergebnisse der Plankton- Expedition der Humboldt-Stiftung, 2, 1–32.
Deidun, A. (2011) A collection of recent ctenophore sightings from the Maltese Islands. Journal of Black Sea/Mediterranean Environment, 17 (1), 4–13.
Diaz Briz, L., Sánchez, F., Marí, N., Mianzan, H. & Genzano, G. (2017) Gelatinous zooplankton (ctenophores, salps and medusae): an important food resource of fishes in the temperate SW Atlantic Ocean. Marine Biology Research, 13 (6), 630–644. https://doi.org/10.1080/17451000.2016.1274403
Dinasquet, J., Titelman, J., Møller, L.F., Setälä, O., Granhag, L., Andersen, T., Bamstedt, U., Haraldsson, M., Hosia, A., Katajisto, T., Kragh, T., Kuparinen, J., Schrøter, M.L., Søndergaard, M., Tiselius, P. & Riemann, L. (2012) Cascading effects of the ctenophore Mnemiopsis leidyi on the planktonic food web in a nutrient-limited estuarine system. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 460, 49–61. https://doi.org/10.3354/meps09770
Dutto, M.S., Genzano, G.N., Schiariti, A., Lecanda, J., Hoffmeyer, M.S. & Pratolongo, P.D. (2017) Medusae and ctenophores from the Bahía Blanca Estuary and neighboring inner shelf (Southwest Atlantic Ocean, Argentina). Marine Biodiversity Records, 10, 14.
https://doi.org/10.1186/s41200-017-0114-1
Engell-Sørensen, K., Andersen, P. & Holmstrup, M. (2009) Preservation of the invasive ctenophore Mnemiopsis leidyi using acidic Lugol’ s solution. Journal of Plankton Research, 31 (8), 917–920. https://doi.org/10.1093/plankt/fbp030
Freitas, R., Romeiras, M., Silva, L., Cordeiro, R., Madeira, P., González, J.A., Wirtz, P., Falcón, J.M., Brito, A., Floeter, S.R., Afonso, P., Proteiro, F., Viera-Rodriguez, M.A., Neto, A.I., Haroun, R., Farminhao, J.N., Rebelo, A.C., Baptista, L., Melo, C.S., Martinez, A., Nunez, J., Berning, B., Johnson, M.E. & Avila, S.P. (2019) Restructuring of the “Macaronesia” biogeographic unit: A marine multi- taxon biogeographical approach. Scientific Reports, 9, 15792. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-51786-6
Gegenbaur, C. (1856) Studien über Organisation und Systematik der Ctenophoren. Archiv für Naturgeschichte, XXII, 163–205
Gibbons, M.J., Haddock, S.H.D., Matsumoto, G.I. & Foster, C. (2021) Records of ctenophores from South Africa. PeerJ, 9, e10697. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.10697
Giribet, G. & Edgecombe, G. (2020) The invertebrate tree of life. Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey, 589 pp. https://doi.org/10.1515/9780691197067
Greve, W. (1975) Ctenophora. Fiche d’Identification du Zooplankton, 146, 6–11.
Gueroun, S.K.M., Javidpour, J., Andrade, C., Nogueira, N., Freitas, M. & Canning-Clode, J. (2021) Pelagic Cnidaria and Ctenophora diversity patterns and trends in Macaronesia insular systems (NE Atlantic). Marine Biodiversity, 51, 32. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12526-021-01174-z
Haddock, S.H.D. (2007) Comparative feeding behavior of planktonic ctenophores. Integrative and Comparative Biology, 47 (6), 847–853. https://doi.org/10.1093/icb/icm088
Hansson, H.G. (2006) Ctenophores of the Baltic and adjacent Seas – the invader Mnemiopsis is here ! Aquatic Invasions, 1 (4), 295–298. https://doi.org/10.3391/ai.2006.1.4.16
Harbison, G.R. (1985) Toward a study of the biogeography of pelagic ctenophores. Proceedings of an international conference, Netherlands, 1985, 112–117.
Harbison, G.R., Madin, L.P. & Swanberg, N.R. (1978) On the natural history and distribution of oceanic ctenophores. Deep-Sea Research, 25 (3), 237–256. https://doi.org/10.1016/0146-6291(78)90590-8
Harbison, G.R. & Miller, R.L. (1986) Not all ctenophores are hermaphrodites. Studies on the systematics, distribution, sexuality and development of two species of Ocyropsis. Marine Biology, 90, 413–424. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00428565
Hidaka, M., Nishikawa, J. & Lindsay, D.J. (2021) Gelatinous zooplankton community around a hydrothermally active deep-sea caldera: Results from ROV video records. Plankton and Benthos Research, 16 (1), 40–58. https://doi.org/10.3800/pbr.16.40
Kaufmann, M.J., Santos, F. & Maranhao, M. (2015) Checklist of nano- and microphytoplankton off Madeira Island (Northeast Atlantic) with some historical notes. Nova Hedwigia, 101, 205–232. https://doi.org/10.1127/nova_hedwigia/2015/0265
Knowler, D. (2005) Reassessing the costs of biological invasion: Mnemiopsis leidyi in the Black sea. Ecological Economics, 52, 187–199. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2004.06.013
Lesueur, C.A. (1813) Mémoire sur quelques nouvelles espèces d’animaux mollusques et radiaires recueillis dans la Méditerranée près de Nice. Nouveau Bulletin des Sciences par la Société Philomatique de Paris, Series 2, 3 (69), 281–285
Licandro, P., Blackett, M., Fischer, A., Hosia, A., Kennedy, J., Kirby, R.R., Raab, K., Stern, R. & Tranter, P. (2015) Biogeography of jellyfish in the North Atlantic, by traditional and genomic methods. Earth System Science Data, 7, 173–191. https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-7-173-2015
Lindsay, D.J., Umetsu, M., Grossmann, M., Miyake, H. & Yamamoto, H. (2015) The gelatinous macroplankton community at the Hatoma Knoll hydrothermal vent. In: Ishibashi, J., Okino, K. & Sunamura, M. (Eds.), Subseafloor Biosphere Linked to Hydrothermal Systems: TAIGA Concept. Springer, Tokyo, pp. 639–666. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-54865-2_51
Longhurst, A., Sathyendranath, S., Platt, T. & Caverhill, C. (1995) An estimate of global primary production in the ocean from satellite radiometer data. Journal of Plankton Research, 17, 1245–1271. https://doi.org/10.1093/plankt/17.6.1245
Martorelli, S.R. (2001) Digenea parasites of jellyfish and ctenophores of the southern Atlantic. Hydrobiologia, 451, 305–310. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1011862406670
Mayer, A.G. (1912) Ctenophores of the Atlantic coast of North America. Carnegie Institution, Washington, 58 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.5968
Mianzan, H.W. (1999) Ctenophora. In: Demetrio, B. (Ed.), South Atlantic zooplankton. Vol1. Backhuys Publishers, Leiden pp. 561–573.
Migotto, A.E. & Marques, A.C. (2007) Identification key for the ctenophores from Brazilian coast. Biota Neotropica, 7 (3), 242–350.
Mills, C.E. & Haddock, S.H.D. (2007) Key to the Ctenophora. In: Carlton, J.T. (Ed.), The Light and Smith Manual Intertidal Invertebrates from Central California to Oregon, Completely Revised and Expanded. University of California Press, Oakland, California, pp 189–199. https://doi.org/10.1525/9780520930438-015
Moro, L., Boelkhe, V., Escatllar, J. & Bacallado, J.J. (2013) Nota sobre la presencia de Ocyropsis crystallina (Rang, 1828) (Ctenophora: Lobata) en las islas Canarias. Revista de la Academia Canaria de Ciencias, 25, 129–133.
Müller, O.F. (1776) Zoologiæ Danicæ Prodromus, seu Animalium Daniæ et Norvegiæ indigenarum characteres, nomina, et synonyma imprimis popularium. typis Hallageriis, Havniæ [Copenhagen], xxxii + 274 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.63795
Narciso, Á., Caldeira, R., Reis, J., Hoppenrath, M., Cachão, M. & Kaufmann, M. (2019) The effect of a transient frontal zone on the spatial distribution of extant coccolithophores around the Madeira archipelago (Northeast Atlantic). Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 223, 25–38. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2019.04.014
Ohtsuka, S., Koike, K., Lindsay, D., Nishikawa, J., Miyake, H., Kawahara, M., Mulyadi, Mujiono, N., Hiromi, J. & Komatsu, H. (2009) Symbionts of marine medusae and ctenophores. Plankton and Benthos Research, 4, 1–13. https://doi.org/10.3800/pbr.4.1
Oliveira, O.M.P. & Migotto, A.E. (2006) Pelagic ctenophores from the São Sebastião Channel, southeastern Brazil. Zootaxa, 1183 (1), 1–26. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1183.1.1
Oliveira, O.M.P., Miranda, T.P., Araujo, E.M., Ayón, P., Cedeño-Posso, C.M., Cepeda-Mercado, A.A., Córdova, P., Cunha, A.F., Genzano, G.N., Haddad, M.A., Mianzan, H.W., Migotto, A.E., Miranda, L.S., Morandini, A.C., Nagata, R.M., Nascimento, K.B., Nogueira, M., Palma, S., Quiñones, J., Rodriguez, C.S., Scarabino, F., Schiariti, A., Stampar, S.N., Tronolone, V.B. & Marques, A.C. (2016) Census of Cnidaria (Medusozoa) and Ctenophora from South American marine waters. Zootaxa, 4194 (1), 1–256. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4194.1.1
Purcell, J.E. (2005) Climate effects on formation of jellyfish and ctenophore blooms: a review. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the UK, 85, 461–476. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0025315405011409
Ramalhosa, P., Gestoso, I., Rocha, R.M., Lambert, G. & Canning-clode, J. (2021) Ascidian biodiversity in the shallow waters of the Madeira Archipelago: Fouling studies on artificial substrates and new records. Regional Studies in Marine Science, 43, 101672. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rsma.2021.101672
Rang, S. (1827) Description d’un genre nouveau de la classe des Acalèphes. Bulletin d’histoire naturelle de la Socieìteì Linneìenne de Bordeaux, 1 (4), 316–319
Rankin, J.J. (1956) The structure and biology of Vallicula multiformis, gen. et sp. nov., a platyctenid ctenophore. Journal of the Linnean Society of London, Zoology, 43 (289), 55–71. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.1956.tb02507.x
Ribeiro, C., Araújo, A.J., Biscoito, M. & Freitas, M. (2005) Fish assemblages of Cais do Carvão Bay (Madeira Island) determined by the visual census technique. Journal of Fish Biology, 67, 1568–1584. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.2005.00861.x
Sala, I., Caldeira, R.M., Estrada-allis, S.N., Froufe, E. & Couvelard, X. (2013) Lagrangian transport pathways in the northeast Atlantic and their environmental impact. Limnology and Oceanography: Fluids and Environments, 3, 40–60. https://doi.org/10.1215/21573689-2152611
San Martín, G., Álvarez-Campos, P., Kondo, Y., Núñez, J., Fernández-Álamo, M.A., Pleijel, F., Goetz, F.E., Nygren, A. & Osborn, K. (2021) New symbiotic association in marine annelids: ectoparasites of comb jellies. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 191, 672–694. https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaa034
Sars, M. (1856) Fauna littoralis Norvegiae, oder Beschreibung und Abbildungen neuer oder wenig bekannten Seethiere. Frederik D. Beyer, Bergen, 144 pp
Sullivan, B.K., Keuren, D. Van & Clancy, M. (2001) Timing and size of blooms of the ctenophore Mnemiopsis leidyi in relation to temperature in Narragansett Bay, RI. In: Purcell J.E., Graham, W.M. & Dumont, H.J. (Eds.), Jellyfish Blooms: Ecological and Societal Importance. Springer, Dordrecht, pp. 113–120. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1011848327684
Sweetman, A.K. & Chapman, A. (2015) First assessment of flux rates of jellyfish carcasses (jelly-falls) to the benthos reveals the importance of gelatinous material for biological C-cycling in jellyfish-dominated ecosystems. Frontiers in Marine Science, 2, 47. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2015.00047
Sweetman, A.K., Smith, C.R., Dale, T. & Jones, D.O.B. (2014) Rapid scavenging of jellyfish carcasses reveals the importance of gelatinous material to deep-sea food webs. Proceedings of the Royal Society B, 281 (1796), 20142210. https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2014.2210
Thibault-botha, D. & Bowen, T. (2004) Impact of formalin preservation on Pleurobrachia bachei (Ctenophora). Journal of experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 303, 11–17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jembe.2003.10.017
Wirtz, P. (1998) Twelve invertebrate and eight fish species new to the marine fauna of Madeira, and a discussion of the zoogeography of the area. Helgolander Meeresuntersuchungen, 52, 197–207. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02908748
Wirtz, P. (2007) On a collection of hydroids (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) from the Madeira archipelago. Arquipélago—Life and Marine Sciences, 24, 11–16.
Wirtz, P., Fircke, R. & Biscoito, J. (2008) The coastal fishes of Madeira Island-new records and an annotated checklist. Zootaxa, 1715 (1), 1–26. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1715.1.1