Abstract
The bdelloid rotifers collected from terrestrial habitats such as leaf litter, mosses and tree barks were studied and three new species were identified: Philodina haejooni n. sp., P. hongcheonensis n. sp. and Philodinavus koreanus n. sp. Philodina haejooni n. sp. is easily distinguished from its congeners by the leaf margin-shaped longitudinal ridges on trunk. The most significant diagnostic characteristic of Philodina hongcheonensis n. sp. is the four dorsal hemispherical processes on anal pseudosegment. Philodinavus koreanus n. sp. is the thirdly described species for the genus. The detailed morphologies of ciliated buccal fields, cheeks and spurs make Philodinavus koreanus n. sp. distinguishable from its two congeners. Here these three new species are described and illustrated. The partial sequences of mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 gene (mtCOX1) for three new species are presented as well.
References
Birky, C.W., Ricci, C., Melone, G. & Fontaneto, D. (2011) Integrating DNA and morphological taxonomy to describe diversity in poorly studied microscopic animals: new species of the genus Abrochtha Bryce, 1910 (Rotifera: Bdelloidea: Philodinavidae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 161, 723–734. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2010.00674.x
Bryce, D. (1903) On two new species of Philodina. Journal of the Quekett Microscopical Club, Series 2, 8, 523–530.
De Smet, W.H. (1998) Preparation of rotifer trophi for light and scanning electron microscopy. Hydrobiologia, 387/388, 117–121. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1017053518665
Donner, J. (1965) Ordnung Bdelloidea (Rotatoria, Rädertiere). Akademie-Verlag, Berlin, 297 pp.
Edmondson, W.T. (1959) Rotifera. In: Edmondson, W.T. (Ed.), Fresh-water biology. 2nd Edition. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York, New York, pp. 420–494.
Folmer, O., Black, M., Hoeh, W., Lutz, R. & Vrijenhoek, R. (1994) DNA primers for amplification of mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I from diverse metazoan invertebrates. Mol Mar Biol Biotechnol, 3, 294–299.
Fontaneto, D., Eckert, E.M., Anicic, N., Lara, E. & Mitchell, E.A.D. (2019) We are ready for faunistic surveys of bdelloid rotifers through DNA barcoding: the example of Sphagnum bogs of the Swiss Jura Mountains. Limnetica, 38, 213–225. https://doi.org/10.23818/limn.38.02
Fontaneto, D., Iakovenko, N.S., Eyres, I., Kaya, M., Wyman, M. & Barraclough, T.G. (2011) Cryptic diversity in the genus Adineta Hudson & Gosse, 1886 (Rotifera: Bdelloidea: Adinetidae): a DNA taxonomy approach. Hydrobiologia, 662, 27–33. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-010-0481-7
Harring, H.K. (1913) Synopsis of the Rotatoria. Bulletin of the United States National Museum, 81, 7–226. https://doi.org/10.5479/si.03629236.81
Iakovenko, N.S., Kašparová, E., Plewka, M. & Janko, K. (2013) Otostephanos (Rotifera, Bdelloidea, Habrotrochidae) with the description of two new species. Systematics and Biodiversity, 11, 477–494. https://doi.org/10.1080/14772000.2013.857737
Jersabek, C.D. & Leitner, M.F. (2013) The Rotifer World Catalog.World Wide Web electronic publication. Available from: http://www.rotifera.hausdernatur.at/ (accessed 5 January 2022)
Melone, G. & Ricci, C. (1995a) Rotatory apparatus in Bdelloids. Hydrobiologia, 313/314, 91–98. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00025935
Melone, G. & Ricci, C. (1995b) An uncommon bdelloid rotifer: Abrochtha intermedia (de Beauchamp, 1909). Bollettino di zoologia, 62, 29–34. https://doi.org/10.1080/11250009509356047
Melone, G., Ricci, C. & Segers, H. (1998) The trophi of Bdelloidea (Rotifera): a comparative study across the class. Canadian Journal of Zoology, 76, 1755–1765. https://doi.org/10.1139/z98-117
Murray, J. (1905) On a new family and twelve new species of Rotifera of the order Bdelloidea, collected by the Lake Survey. Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, 41, 367–386. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0080456800034451
Ratnasingham, S. & Hebert, P.D. (2007) bold: The Barcode of Life Data System (http://www.barcodinglife.org). Molecular Ecology Notes, 7, 355–364. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-8286.2007.01678.x
Ricci, C. & Melone, G. (1998) The Philodinavidae (Rotifera Bdelloidea): a special family. Hydrobiologia, 385, 77–85. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1003458611180
Ricci, C., Melone, G. & Walsh, E.J. (2001) A carnivorous bdelloid rotifer, Abrochtha carnivora n.sp. Invertebrate Biology, 120, 136–141. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7410.2001.tb00117.x
Ricci, C., Shiel, R.J., Fontaneto, D. & Melone, G. (2003) Bdelloid rotifers recorded from Australia with description of Philodinavus aussiensis n. sp. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 242, 241–248. https://doi.org/10.1078/0044-5231-00101
Segers, H. (2002) The nomenclature of the Rotifera: annotated checklist of valid family and genus-group names. Journal of Natural History, 36, 631–640. https://doi.org/10.1080/002229302317339707
Song, M.O. (2014) Eight new records of monogonont and bdelloid rotifers from Korea. Journal of Species Research, 3, 53–62. https://doi.org/10.12651/JSR.2014.3.1.053
Song, M.O. & Kim, W. (2000) Bdelloid rotifers from Korea. Hydrobiologia, 439, 91–101. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1004181414535
Song, M.O. & Lee, C.-H. (2020a) Descriptions of two new species of Philodina (Rotifera, Bdelloidea), with notes on seven rare bdelloids from Korea. Zootaxa, 4772 (2), 253–276. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4772.2.2
Song, M.O. & Lee, C.-H. (2020b) Philodina wonkimi n. sp. and Five New Records of Bdelloids from Korea. Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity, 36, 363–371.
Song, M.O. & Lee, C.-H. (2021) New records of three monogonont and seven bdelloid rotifers from Korea. Journal of Species Research, 10 (4), 392–404.
Song, M.O. & Min, G.-S. (2015) A new species and ten new records of bdelloid rotifers from Korea. Zootaxa, 3964 (2), 211–227. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3964.2.3
Stemberger, R.S. (1979) A guide to rotifers of the Laurentian Great Lakes. US Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, Ohio, 185 pp.