Abstract
Current studies on European Scolopendra Linnaeus, 1758 revealed inconsistencies in the use of the date of publications containing original descriptions by C. L. Koch. These dates are reviewed in the present paper. As a result, the following commonly attributed dates of description have to be amended: S. clavipes C. L. Koch, 1847, S. italica C. L. Koch, 1837, S. graeca C. L. Koch, 1847, and S. germanica C. L. Koch, 1837. The work containing the original description of all these taxa was published in 1836 by C. L. Koch as Heft 9 of the rare series “Deutschlands Crustaceen, Myriapoden und Arachniden”. Two of these taxa were introduced by a short, inconspicuous paragraph and without illustration. The remaining two were wrongly dated short time after their descriptions, which were never questioned and have still being used until today.
References
Attems, K. (1902) Myriapoden von Kreta, nebst Beiträgen zur allgemienen Kenntnis einiger Gattungen. Sitzungsberichte der Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftlichen Classe der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften. CXI. Band. Abtheilung I. Heft I bis X. K.-K. Hof- und Staatsdruckerei in Commission bei C. Gerold‘s Sohn,Wien, pp. 527–614.
Attems, C.G. (1930) Myriopoda. 2. Scolopendromorpha. In: Schulze, F.E. & Kükenthal, W. (Eds.), Das Tierreich. Vol. 54. Walter de Gruyter & Co., Berlin and Leipzig, pp. 1–308.
Bonato, L., Chagas-Junior, A., Edgecombe, G.D., Lewis, J.G.E., Minelli, A., Pereira, L. A., Shelley, R.M., Stoev, P. & Zapparoli, M. (2017) ChiloBase 2.0. A World Catalogue of Centipedes (Chilopoda). Available from: http://chilobase.biologia.unipd.it (accessed 16 February 2022)
Bonato, L., Edgecombe, G., Lewis, J., Minelli, A., Pereira, L., Shelley, R. & Zapparoli, M. (2010) A common terminology for the external anatomy of centipedes (Chilopoda). ZooKeys, 69, 17–51. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.69.737
Brandt, J.F. (1840) Observations sur les espèces qui composent le genre Scolopendra, suivies des charactères des espèces qui se trouvent dans le Muséum zoologique de l’ Académie des Sciences de St.-Petersbourg et de quelques coups d’ oeil sur leur distribution géographique. Bulletin Scientifique publié par l’Académie Impériale des Sciences de Saint-Pétersbourg, 155 (7), 11, 147–160. [1841: Title page of completed Tome VII; published 15 May 1840, see pp. 160].
Gervais, P. (1837) Etude pour servir à l’histoire naturelle des Myriapodes. Annales des Sciences naturelles. Zoologie, 2 (7), 35–60. [published August 1837]
ICZN (1999) International Code of Zoological Nomenclature. 4th Edition. The International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature, London, 304 pp.
Koch, C.L. (1836a) Deutschlands Insecten, herausgegeben von G. W. F. Panzer, fortgesetzt von Dr. G. A. W. Herrich-Schäffer. 142. Heft. In: Herrich-Schäffer, G.A.W. (Ed.), Favnae insectorvm Germanicae initia, oder, Deutschlands Insecten, F. Pustet, Nürnberg, pp. 1–90. [Author of text and illustrations; the series referred to in the present text as “Herrich-Schäffer series”; published 1 October] https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.15007
Koch, C.L. (1836b) Deutschlands Crustaceen, Myriapoden und Arachniden. Ein Beitrag zur deutschen Fauna. Herausgegeben von Dr. Herrich-Schäffer. 9tes Heft. F. Pustet, Regensburg, 90 pp. [Author of text and illustrations; the series referred to in the present text as “Koch series”; published 1 October]
Koch, C.L. (1847) Kritische Revision der Insectenfaune Deutschlands von Dr. Panzer and Dr. Herrich-Schäffer, Heft 1–190. III. Bändchen, enthaltend die Verzeichnisse und Berichtigungen zu Deutschlands Crustaceen, Myriapoden und Arachniden und ein System der Myriapoden von C. L. Koch [additional title page: System der Myriapoden mit den Verzeichnissen und Berichtigungen zu Deutschlands Crustaceen, Myriapoden und Arachniden. Heft 1–40. von C.L. Koch)]. Pustet, Regensburg, 272 pp., 10 pls. [date on title page: 1847, date of preface: 1 April 1846, in the text referred to as “System der Myriapoda”] https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.49866
Koch, C.L. (1863a) Die Myriapoden: getreu nach der Natur abgebildet und beschrieben. Band 1. H. W. Schmidt, Regensburg, 134 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.10639
Koch, C.L. (1863b) Die Myriapoden: getreu nach der Natur abgebildet und beschrieben. Band 2. H. W. Schmidt, Regensburg, 112 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.10639
Kohlrausch, E. (1879) Beiträge zur Kenntnis der Scolopendriden. Journal des Museum Godeffroy, 5 (14), 51–74, pl. 6.
Kohlrausch, E. (1881) Gattungen und Arten der Scolopendriden. Archiv für Naturgeschichte, 47 (1), 50–132, pls. 4 + 5. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.part.13209
Kraepelin, K. (1903) Revision der Scolopendriden. Mitteilungen aus dem Naturhistorischen Museum in Hamburg, 20 (2), 1–276.
Latreille, M. (1829) Les Myriapodes. In: Cuvier, P.M.L., Le régne animal distribué d’après son organisation. Nouvelle Édition, Revue et Augmentée. Tome IV. Crustacés, Arachnides et Partie des Insectes. Déterville, Paris, pp. 326–339.
Leach, W.E. (1817) The characters of the genera of the class Myriopoda, with descriptions of some species. In: Leach, W.E. (Ed.), The zoological miscellany; being the descriptions of new, or interesting animals. Vol. III. Chapter 12. R. P. Nodder, London, pp. 31–45.
Lewis, J.G.E. (2011) A review of the species in the genus Cryptops Leach, 1815 from the Old World related to Cryptops (Cryptops) hortensis (Donovan, 1810) (Chilopoda, Scolopendromorpha). International Journal of Myriapodology, 4, 11–50. https://doi.org/10.3897/ijm.4.1116
Lewis, J.G.E. (2014) On the status of Cryptops savignyi Leach, 1817, and Cryptops anomalans Newport, 1844 (Chilopoda: Scolopendromorpha: Cryptopidae). Bulletin of the British Myriapod and Isopod Group, 27, 30–35.
Linnaeus, C. (1758) Systema naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species cum characteribus, diferentiis, synonymis, locis. Tomus I. Editio Decima, Reformata. Impensis Direct. Laurentii Salvii, Holmiae, 824 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.542
Nagel, P. & Grieder, L. (2019) Herrich-Schäffer’s Deutschlands Insecten...(1829–1844), the associate publication of Koch’s Deutschlands Crustaceen...(1835–1844), and Heft 110 (1823) of Panzer’s Faunae Insectorum Germanicae...: bibliographic notes and dating. Sherbornia, 5 (1), 1–156.
Newport, G. (1844) A list of the species of Myriapoda, Order Chilopoda, contained in the cabinets of the British Museum with synoptic descriptions of forty-seven new species. Annals & Magazine of Natural History, Series 1, 13 (82), 94–101. [publshed February 1844] https://doi.org/10.1080/03745484409442576
Newport, G. (1845) Monograph of the class Myriapoda order Chilopoda; with observations on the general arrangement of the Articulata. Transactions of the Linnean Society of London, 19 (26), 265–302 + 349–439. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.1842.tb00370.x
Ranzani, C. (1841) Rendiconto delle Sedunt dell’ Imp. Academie delle Scienze Di Pietroburgo. Nuovi annali delle scienze naturali, 3 (5), 391–395. [published 22 February]
Stein, F. (1839) VIII Annulata, Crustacea, Arachnidae. Archiv für Naturgeschichte, 5 (2), 241–280.
Walckenaer, C.A. & Gervais, P. (1847) Histoire Naturelle des Insectes Aptères. Tome IV. Myriapodes. Paris, Librairie encyclopédique de Roret (France). 330pp. [date title page: 1847, date preface: 15 April 1847, date Bibliographie de la France. 1847, No. 20, 15 May 1847 = earliest evidence of existence]
Würmli, M. (1980) Statistische Unterschungen zur Systematik und postembryonalen Entwicklung der Scolopendra canidens Gruppe (Chilopoda: Scolopendromorpha). Sitzungsberichte der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, 189, 315–353.