Abstract
A new freshwater rhinogoby has been collected and surveyed from northern Taiwan. The new species, Rhinogobius yangminshanensis n. sp. with fluvial life history can be well distinguished from other congeners by the following combination of features: (1) fin rays: second dorsal fin rays I/9; anal fin rays I/8; pectoral fin rays modally 16; (2) squamation: longitudinal scale series 28–30 (modally 29); perdorsal scales 9–10 (modally 9); (4) vertebral count 27; (5) rear edge of mouth: merely extending to vertical of anterior margin of pupil in male and (6) specific colouration: lateral side with 6–7 longitudinal rows of bright orange to orange red spots in male which general size about 1/2 of pupil diameter. Cheek and opercle with 24–35 orange spots in male. Branchiostegal membrane with many minute orange spots in male. Caudal fin with distally orange zone in male with about 3 vertical rows of orange or orange red spots. First dorsal fin with broad orange band on distally 1/3 area. A middle black spot in abterior first dorsal fin. Pectoral fin with two rows red orange spots in male. The phylogenetic comparisons have revealed that the great mitogenetic differences of R. yangminshanensis with all other congeneric species and sister species would be R. rubromaculatus in Taiwan. A diagnostic key to all valid species of Rhinogobius from Taiwan is also provided.
References
Akihito, P., Iwata, A., Sakamoto, K. & Ikeda, Y. (1993) Suborder Gobioidei. In: Nakabo, T. (Ed.), Fishes of japan with pictorial keys to the species. Tokai University Press, Tokyo, pp. 997–1392. [in Japanese]
Akihito, P., Hayashi, M. & Yoshino, T. (1984) Suborder Gobioidei. In: Masuda, H., Amaoka, K., Araga, C., Uyeno, C.T. & Yoshino, T. (Eds.), The Fishes of Japanese Archipelago. Tokai University Press, Tokyo, pp. 228–289.
Akihito, Sakamoto, K., Ikeda, Y. & Sugiyama, K. (2002) Suborder Gobioidei. In: Nakabo, T. (Ed.), Fishes of Japan with pictorial keys to the species, 2nd English Edition. Tokai University Press, Tokyo, pp. 1139–1310.
Chen, I-S. (2009). The indicator species of riverine fishes in Taiwan, Vol. II, Diadromous fishes. National Taiwan Ocean University Press, Keelung. [in Chinese]
Chen, I.-S., Cheng, Y.H. & Shao, K.T. (2008) A new species of Rhinogobius (Teleostei: Gobiidae) from the Julongjiang Basin in Fujian Province, China. Ichthyological Research, 55, 335–343.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10228-008-0045-2
Chen, I-S. & Fang, L.S. (1999) The freshwater and estuarine fishes of Taiwan. National Museum of Marine Biology and Aquarium Press, Pingtung. [in Chinese]
Chen, I-S. & Fang, L.S. (2006) A new species of Rhinogobius (Teleostei: Gobiidae) from the Hanjiang basin, in Guangdong Province, China. Ichthyological Research, 53, 247–253. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10228-006-0342-6
Chen, I.-S., Kottelat, M. & Miller, P.J. (1999a) Freshwater gobies of the genus Rhinogobius from the Mekong basin in Thailand and Laos, with descriptions of three new species. Zoological Studies, 38, 19–32.
Chen, I.-S. & Kottelat, M. (2000). Rhinogobius maculicervix, a new species of goby from the Mekong basin in northern Laos. Ichthyological Explorations of Freshwaters, 11, 81–87.
Chen, I.-S. & Kottelat, M. (2003). Three new freshwater gobies of the genus, Rhinogobius (Teleostei: Gobiidae) from northeastern Laos. The Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, 51, 87–95.
Chen, I.-S. & Kottelat, M. (2005) Four new freshwater gobies of the genus Rhinogobius (Teleostei: Gobiidae) from northern Vietnam. Journal of Natural History, 39, 1407–1429. https://doi.org/10.1080/00222930400008736
Chen, I.-S. & Miller, P.J. (1998). Redescription of Gobius davidi (Teleostei:Gobiidae) and comparison with Rhinogobius lentiginis. Cybium, 22, 211–221.
Chen, I.-S. & Miller, P.J. (2008) Two new species of freshwater gobies of genus Rhinogobius (Teleostei: Gobiidae) in southern China, around the northern region of the South China Sea. The Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, Supplement 19, 225–232.
Chen, I.-S. & Kottelat, M. (2005) Four new freshwater gobies of the genus Rhinogobius (Teleostei: Gobiidae) from northern Vietnam. Journal of Natural History, 39, 1407–1429. https://doi.org/10.1080/00222930400008736
Chen, I-S., Miller, P.J. & Fang, L.S. (1998) A new species of freshwater goby from Lanyu (Orchid Island), Taiwan. Ichthyological Explorations of Freshwaters, 9, 255–261.
Chen, I.-S., Miller, P.J., Wu, H.L. & Fang, L.S. (2002) Taxonomy and mitochondrial sequence evolution in non-diadromous species of Rhinogobius (Teleostei:Gobiidae) of Hainan Island, southern China. Marine and Freshwater Research, 53, 259–273. https://doi.org/10.1071/MF01167
Chen, I.-S. & Shao, K.T. (1996) A taxonomic review of the gobiid fish genus Rhinogobius Gill, 1859, from Taiwan with descriptions of three new species Zoological Studies, 35, 200–214.
Chen, I.-S., Wu, H.L. & Shao, K.T. (1999b) A new species of Rhinogobius (Teleostei: Gobiidae) from Fujian Province, China. Ichthyological Research, 46, 171–178.
Chen, I.S., Yang, J.X. & Chen, Y.R. (1999c) A new species of Rhinogobius (Teleostei: Gobiidae) from the Honghe Basin,Yunnan Province. Acta Zoologica Taiwanica, 10, 45–52.
Chu, Y.T. & Wu, H.L. (1965) A preliminary study of the zoogeography of gobioid fishes of China. Oceanography and Liminology, Sinica, 7, 122–140. [in Chinese]
Gill, T.N. (1859) Notes on a collection of Japanese fishes by Dr. J. Morrow. Proceedings of Academy of Natural Sciences Philadelphia, 11, 144–159.
Herre, A.W.C.T. (1927) Gobies of Philippines and China Sea. Monographs of the Bureau of Science, Manila, 2, 1–352.
Huang, S.P. & Chen, I.-S. (2007) Three new species of Rhinogobius Gill, 1859 (Teleostei: Gobiidae) from the Hanjiang basin, southern China. The Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, Supplement 14, 101–110.
Iguchi, K. & Mizuno, N. (1991) Mechanism of embryonic drift in the amphidromous goby, Rhinogobius brunneus. Environmental Biology of Fishes, 31, 295–300. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00000694
Lee, S.C. & Chang, L.T. (1996) A new goby, Rhinogobius rubromaculatus (Teleostei: Gobiidae), from Taiwan. Zoological Studies, 3, 30–35.
Li, F. & Zhong, J.S. (2007) A new Rhinogobius species from Zhejiang Province, China (Teleostei: Gobiidae). Zoological Research, 28, 539–544. [in Chinese with English summary]
Li, F., Zhong, J.S. & Wu, H.L. (2007) A new species of the genus Rhinogobius from Fujian Province, China (Teleostei Gobiidae). Acta Zootaxanomica Sinica, 3, 981–985. [in Chinese]
Masuda, Y., Ozawa, T. & Enami, S. (1989) Genetic differentiation among eight color types of the freshwater goby, Rhinogobius brunneus, from western Japan. Japanese Journal of Ichthyology, 36, 30–41. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02905670
Miller, P.J. (1998) New species of Coryrogobius, Thorogobius, and Wheelerigobius from West Africa (Teleostei: Gobiidae). Journal of Natural History, 22, 1245–1262. https://doi.org/10.1080/00222938800770761
Mizuno, N. (1960) Description of a new freshwater goby from Japan. Memoirs of the College of Science, University of Kyoto, (Series B), 27, 117–119.
Sambrook, J., Fritsch, E.F. & Manaiatis, T. (1989) Molecular Cloning. 2nd edition. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, New York.
Sanzo, L. (1911) Distribuzione delle papille cutanee (organi ciatiforme) e suo valore sistematico nei gobi. Mitteilungen aus der zoologischen Sation zu Neapel, 20, 249–328.
Suzuki, T., Chen, I.S. & Senou, H. (2011) A new species of Rhinogobius Gill, 1859 (Teleostei: Gobiidae) from the Bonin islands, Japan. Journal of Marine Science and Technology, 19, 693–701. https://doi.org/10.51400/2709-6998.2213
Takahashi, S. & Okazaki, T. (2002) A new lentic form of the Yoshinobori species complex, Rhinogobius spp. from Lake Biwa, Japan, compared with lake-river migrating Rhinogobius sp. OR. Ichthyological Research, 49, 333–339. https://doi.org/10.1007/s102280200049
Tamura, K., Stecher, G. & Kumar, S. (2021) MEGA11: Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis version 11. Molecular Biology and Evolution 38, 3022–3027. https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msab120
Wongrat, P. & Miller, P. J. (1991) The innervation of head neuromast rows in eleotridine gobies (Teleostei: Gobioidei). Journal of Zoology, 225, 27–42. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7998.1991.tb03799.x
Wu, H.L. & Ni, Y. (1986) Gobiidae. In: Anonnymous (Ed.), The freshwater and estuarine fishes of hainan Island. Guangdong Science and Technology Press, Guangzhou, pp. 259–314. [in Chinese]
Wu, H.L., Zhong, J.S. & Chen, I.S. (2009) Taxonomic research of the gobioid fishes (Perciformes: Gobioidei) in China. Korean Journal of Ichthyology, 21, 63–72.
Yang, J.Q., Wu, H.L. & Chen, I.-S. (2008) A new species of Rhinogobius (Teleostei: Gobiidae) from Feiyunjiang basin in Zhejiang Province, China. Ichthyological Research, 55, 379–385. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10228-008-0076-8
Zheng, M.L. & Wu, H.L. (1985) A study of freshwater gobiid fishes of Zhejiang Province, China, with descriptions of two new species,” Acta Zootaxanomica Sinica, 10, 328–333. [In Chinese with English summary]