Abstract
A new Neotropical temnocephalan species is described from Aegla jarai Bond-Buckup & Buckup, 1994 from Santa Catarina, Brazil and recorded on Samastacus spinifrons (Philippi, 1882) from five locations (Región de Biobío, Región de la Araucanía, and Región de Los Lagos) in Chile. Temnocephala catarinensis sp. nov. differs from 10 other species of Temnocephala Blanchard, 1849 epibionts on Aeglidae Dana, 1852 and/or Parastacidae Huxley, 1879 by having the following combination of characters: 1. a long and slightly curved cirrus; 2. an introvert with two distinct portions, a proximal one with grooves and no spines and a distal one with small spines with a strong base; 3. a single vaginal sphincter, well-developed and slightly asymmetrical; 4. a very short vagina with a weak muscular wall; 5. an almost triangular epidermal ‘excretory’ syncytial plates, with external margin in half circumference, sometimes reaching laterally the margin of body. The specimens of S. spinifrons have slightly larger measurements than specimens of A. jarai. The cirrus total length and introvert length, despite being larger, have almost the same number of spines in the distal portion. The shape of the EPs is similar in specimens from both hosts. The new species share some similarities with Temnocephala axenos Monticelli, 1898, Temnocephala mexicana Vayssière, 1898, Temnocephala kingsleyae Damborenea, 1994, and Temnocephala mertoni Volonterio, 2007, but the characters that differentiate them are presented and discussed. The new species has a wide geographic distribution represented by a large distance between the sampled locations (2,637 km) and separated by the Andes. This is not the only species with very distant records from each other as Temnocephala iheringi Haswell, 1893 and T. axenos or separated by the Andes as Temnocephala chilensis (Moquin-Tandon, 1846) and Temnocephala monticellii Ponce de León, Rudolph and Volonterio, 2020.
References
Amato, J.F.R., Amato, S.B. & Daudt, L.C.C. (2003) New species of Temnocephala Blanchard (Platyhelminthes, Temnocephalida) ectosymbiont on Aegla serrana Buckup & Rossi (Crustacea, Anomura) from southern Brazil. Revista Brasileira de Zoologia, 20 (3), 493–500. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0101-81752003000300021
Amato, J.F.R., Seixas, S.A. & Amato, S.B. (2007) A new species of Temnocephala Blanchard (Platyhelminthes, Temnocephalida) ectosymbiont on creeping water bugs, Cryphocricos granulosus, De Carlo (Hemiptera, Naucoridae) from southern Brazil. Revista Brasileira de Zoologia, 24 (4), 1043–1051. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0101-81752007000400022
Cannon, L.R.G. & Joffe, B.I. (2001) The Temnocephalida. In: Littlewood, D.T.J. & Bray R.A. (Eds.), Interrelationships of the Platyhelminthes. Taylor & Francis, London, pp. 83–91.
Crandall, K.A., Fetzner, J.W., Jara, C.G. & Buckup, L. (2000) On the phylogenetic positioning of the south american freshwater crayfish genera (Decapoda: Parastacidae). Journal of Crustacean Biology, 20 (3), 530–540. https://doi.org/10.1163/20021975-99990069
Damborenea, M.C. (1994) Temnocefalos neotropicales: Temnocephala kingsleyae sp. n. y T. lutzi Monticelli, 1913 (Platyhelminthes, Temnocephalidea) comensales de crustáceos de Brasil. Iheringia, Série Zoologia, 77, 99–105.
Dioni, W. (1967) Temnocephalas uruguayas II. Descripción de Temnocephala talicei n. sp. y notas sobre T. axenos Monticelli (Platyhelmintha). Physis, 26 (73), 477–484.
Dioni, W. (1972) Didymorchis, Temnocephala (Platyhelminthes) y Stratiodrilus (Annelida) vermes epizoicos sobre Aegla y Parastacus (Crustacea: Decapoda) de Lagos Andino-Patagonicos. Notas taxinomicas y biogeograficas. Acta Zoologica Lilloana, 29, 167–179.
Martín, P.R., Estebenet, A.L. & Burela, S. (2005) Factors affecting the distribution and abundance of the commensal Temnocephala iheringi (Platyhelminthes: Temnocephalidae) among the southernmost populations of the apple snail Pomacea canaliculata (Mollusca: Ampullariidae). Hydrobiologia, 545, 45–53. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-005-1825-6
Pérez-Losada, M., Bond-Buckup, G., Jara, C.G. & Crandall, K.A. (2009) Conservation assessment of southern south american freshwater ecoregions on the basis of the distribution and genetic diversity of crabs from the genus Aegla. Conservation Biology, 23 (3), 692–702. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-1739.2008.01161.x
Ponce de León, R., Rudolph, E.H. & Volonterio, O. (2020) On a new Temnocephala (Platyhelminthes) from Southern Patagonia (Chile, Argentina), with a redescription of T. chilensis and some systematic and biogeographical insights. Zootaxa, 4852 (3), 383–395. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4852.3.9
Poulsen, C.J., Ehlers, T.A. & Insel, N. (2010) Onset of convective rainfall during gradual late miocene rise of the Central Andes. Science, 328, 490–493. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1185078
Seixas, S.A., Amato, J.F.R. & Amato, S.B. (2010) Redescription of Temnocephala iheringi (Platyhelminthes: Temnocephalida) based on specimens from Pomacea canaliculata (Mollusca: Ampullariidae) of the State of Rio Grande do Sul: the possible type host and type locality. Zoologia, 27 (2), 245– 257. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1984-46702010000200012
Seixas, S.A., Amato, J.F.R. & Amato, S.B. (2015a) The epidermal ‘excretory’ syncytial plates in species of Temnocephala (Platyhelminthes, Temnocephalida)—proposal of a new methodology. Revista Brasileira de Biociências, 13 (4), 237– 244.
Seixas, S.A., Amato, J.F.R. & Amato, S.B. (2015b) A complete description of the female reproductive system of Temnocephala cyanoglandula Amato, Amato & Daudt (Platyhelminthes, Temnocephalida). Neotropical Helminthology, 9 (2), 371–376. https://doi.org/10.24039/rnh201592847
Seixas, S.A., Amato, S.B., Amato, J.F.R., Daudt, L.C.C. & Damborenea, C. (2020a) On Temnocephala axenos Monticelli, 1898 (Platyhelminthes, Temnocephalida): taxonomic status and designation of a neotype. Journal of Helminthology, 94 (e203), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022149X20000851
Seixas, S.A., Amato, S.B. & Amato, J.F.R. (2020b) Temnocephalan epibionts (Platyhelminthes, Temnocephalida) on mollusks from Pantanal wetland, Brazil. Zootaxa, 4858 (3), 341–357. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4858.3.2
Shull, H.C., Pérez-Losada, M., Blair, D., Sewell, K., Sinclair, E.A., Lawler, S., Ponniah, M. & Crandall, K.A. (2005) Phylogeny and biogeography of the freshwater crayfish Euastacus (Decapoda: Parastacidae) based on nuclear and mitochondrial DNA. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 37, 249–263. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2005.04.034
Volonterio, O. (2007) A new species of Temnocephala (Platyhelminthes, Temnocephalida) and a description of T. axenos from Uruguay. Journal of Natural History, 41 (21–24), 1245–1257. https://doi.org/10.1080/00222930701360208