Skip to main content Skip to main navigation menu Skip to site footer
Type: Article
Published: 2023-03-06
Page range: 589-597
Abstract views: 327
PDF downloaded: 37

Species description and phylogenetics of Oerstedia fuscosparsa sp. nov. (Nemertea: Monostilifera: Oerstediidae) from Japan

Graduate School of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan. Biology Department, Mindanao State University, Marawi City 9700, Philippines.
Tateyama Marine Laboratory, Institute for Marine and Coastal Research, Ochanomizu University, Kouyatsu, Tateyama, Chiba 294-0301, Japan.
Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan
Eumonostilifera COI cox1 Hoplonemertea molecular taxonomy Pacific systematics Hymenoptera

Abstract

We provide a morphological and molecular-based description of the eumonostiliferous hoplonemertean Oerstedia fuscosparsa sp. nov. based on two specimens dredged from a depth between 11 and 18 m off Kouyatsu, Tateyama, Chiba, Japan. This Oerstedia differs from its congeners by having a deep brownish pigmentation in the head, four orange ocelli, and imprecise dorsal and ventral transverse bands composed of numerous small brown spots. One of the specimens, herein designated as the holotype, has deep brown spots situated mid-dorsally onto the transverse bands running throughout the body. These dorsal markings are absent in the other specimen designated as a paratype. Internally, the species has accessory lateral nerves, and the proboscis nerves are not distinct. Molecular phylogenetic analyses based on partial sequences of the 16S, 18S, 28S rRNA, cytochrome c oxidase subunit I, and histone H3 gene markers along with the sequences from 22 Oerstedia species available in public databases confirmed that our species is sister to Oerstedia phoresiae (Kulikova, 1987) and belongs to the recently established Paroerstediella clade within the genus Oerstedia.

References

  1. Abato, J.C., Yoshida, R. & Kajihara, H. (2022) Histology-free description and phylogenetics of Tetrastemma parallelos sp. nov. (Nemertea: Eumonostilifera) from Japan. Journal of Natural History, 56, 1265–1277. https://doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2022.2118642

  2. Abildgaard, P.C. (1806) Planaria dorsalis. In: Müller, O.F. (Ed.), Zoologica Danica seu animalium Daniae et Norvegiae rariorum ac minus notorum descriptiones et historia. Vol. 4. Christensen, Havnia [Copenhagen], p. 25.

  3. Akhmatova, A.F., Chernyshev, A.V. & Zaslavskaya, N.I. (2012) The species composition of the nemertean genus Oerstedia (Nemertea: Hoplonemertea) in the Far Eastern seas of Russia. Russian Journal of Marine Biology, 38(6), 423–430. https://doi.org/10.1134/S1063074012060028

  4. Altschul, S.F., Madden, T.L., Schäffer, A.A., Zhang, J., Zhang, Z., Miller, W. & Lipman, D.J. (1997) Gapped BLAST and PSI-BLAST: a new generation of protein database search programs. Nucleic Acids Research, 25 (17), 3389–3402. https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/25.17.3389

  5. Brunberg, L. (1964) On the nemertean fauna of Danish waters. Ophelia, 1, 77–111.

  6. Bürger, O. (1895) Die Nemertinen des Golfes von Neapel und der angrenzenden Meeres-Abschnitte. Fauna und Flora des Golfes von Neapel und der Angrenzenden Meeresabschnitte, 22, 1–714.

  7. Chernyshev, A.V. (1993) Overview of nemertean genera close to Oerstedia (Monostilifera, Tetrastemmatidae), with description of four new species. Zoologičeskij Žurnal, 72, 11–20. [in Russian with English abstract]

  8. Chernyshev, A.V. (2021) An updated classification of the phylum Nemertea. Invertebrate Zoology, 18, 188–196. https://doi.org/10.15298/invertzool.18.3.01

  9. Chernyshev, A.V. & Polyakova, N.E. (2022) Nemerteans collected in the Bering Sea during the research cruises aboard the R/V Akademik MA Lavrentyev in 2016, 2018, and 2021 with an analysis of deep-sea heteronemertean and hoplonemertean species. Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography, 199, 105081. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2022.105081

  10. Crandall, F.B., Norenburg, J.L., Chernyshev, A.V., Maslakova, S., Schwartz, M. & Kajihara, H. (2002) Checklist of the Nemertean Fauna of Japan and Northeastern Asia: Excerpted from NEMERTES (the Nemertean Digital Knowledge-base System). Department of Systematic Biology, National Museum of Natural History, Washington, D.C., 44 pp. https://repository.si.edu/bitstream/handle/10088/14815/iz_crandall_etal2002.pdf (accessed 2 February 2022)

  11. Döhren, J. von (2015) Nemertea. In: Wanninger, A. (Ed.), Evolutionary Developmental Biology of Invertebrates 2: Lophotrochozoa (Spiralia). Springer, Wien, pp. 155–192. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-1871-9_8

  12. Envall, M. & Sundberg, P. (1993) Intraspecific variation in nemerteans (Nemertea): synonymization of genera Paroerstedia and Oerstediella with Oerstedia. Journal of Zoology, 230 (2), 293–318. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7998.1993.tb02687.x

  13. Iwata, F. (1954) The fauna of Akkeshi Bay XX. Nemertini in Hokkaido (revised report). Journal of the Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Series VI, Zoology, 12, 1–39.

  14. Kajihara, H. (2007) A taxonomic catalogue of Japanese nemerteans (phylum Nemertea). Zoological Science, 24, 287–326. https://doi.org/10.2108/zsj.24.287

  15. Koressaar, T. & Remm, M. (2007) Enhancements and modifications of primer design program Primer3. Bioinformatics, 23 (10), 1289–1291. https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btm091

  16. Kulikova, V.I. (1987) New species of Oerstediella (Nemertini, Hoplonemertini) of the Vostok Bay, Sea of Japan. Izvestiya Akademii Nauk SSSR, Seriya Biologicheskaya, 6, 828–836. [in Russian with English abstract]

  17. Kvist, S., Laumer, C.E., Junoy, J. & Giribet, G. (2014) New insights into the phylogeny, systematics and DNA barcoding of Nemertea. Invertebrate Systematics, 28 (3), 287–308. https://doi.org/10.1071/IS1306

  18. Quartrefages, A. de (1846) Études sur les types inférieurs de l’émbranchement des Annelés. Mémoire sur la famille des Némertiens (Nemertea). Annales des Sciences naturelles Zoologie, (3) 6, 173– 303.

  19. Lanfear, R., Calcott, B., Ho, S.Y. & Guindon, S. (2012) PartitionFinder: combined selection of partitioning schemes and substitution models for phylogenetic analyses. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 29 (6), 1695–1701. https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/mss020

  20. Lanfear, R., Frandsen, P.B., Wright, A.M., Senfeld, T. & Calcott, B. (2016) PartitionFinder 2: new methods for selecting partitioned models of evolution for molecular and morphological phylogenetic analyses. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 34 (3), 772–773. https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msw260

  21. Minh, B.Q., Nguyen, M.A.T. & Haeseler, A. von (2013) Ultrafast approximation for phylogenetic bootstrap. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 30 (5), 1188–1195. https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/mst024

  22. Minh, B.Q., Schmidt, H.A., Chernomor, O., Schrempf, D., Woodhams, M.D., Haeseler, A. von & Lanfear, R. (2020) IQ-TREE 2: new models and efficient methods for phylogenetic inference in the genomic era. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 37 (5), 1530–1534. https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msaa015

  23. Norenburg, J., Gibson, R., Herrera Bachiller, A. & Strand, M. (2022) World Nemertea Database. Oerstedia Quatrefages, 1846. Available from: https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=122423 (accessed 21 June 2022)

  24. Rambaut, A. (2018) FigTree v1. 4.4, a graphical viewer of phylogenetic trees, 2014, Java. Available from: http://tree.bio.ed.ac.uk/software/figtree/ (accessed 3 March 2022)

  25. Strand, M. & Sundberg, P. (2005) Delimiting species in the hoplonemertean genus Tetrastemma (phylum Nemertea): morphology is not concordant with phylogeny as evidenced from mtDNA sequences. Biological Journal of the Linnaean Society, 86, 201–212.

  26. Sundberg, P. (1984) Multivariate analysis of polymorphism in the hoplonemertean Oerstedia dorsalis (Abildgaard, 1806). Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 78, 1–22. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-0981(84)90068-6

  27. Sundberg, P. (1988) A new monostiliferous hoplonemertean (Nemertea), Oerstedia striata sp. n., from the west coast of Sweden. Zoologica Scripta, 17(2), 135–139. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1463-6409.1988.tb00090.x

  28. Sundberg, P. & Janson, K. (1988) Polymorphism in Oerstedia dorsalis (Abilgaard, 1806) revisited. Hydrobiologia, 156, 93–98. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-4063-5_11

  29. Sundberg, P. & Andersson, S. (1995) Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and intraspecific variation in Oerstedia dorsalis (Hoplonemertea, Nemertea). Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 75 (2), 483–490. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0025315400018324

  30. Sundberg, P., Vodoti, E.T., Zhou, H. & Strand, M. (2009) Polymorphism hides cryptic species in Oerstedia dorsalis (Nemertea, Hoplonemertea). Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 98 (3), 556–567. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8312.2009.01310.x

  31. Sundberg, P., Kvist, S. & Strand, M. (2016) Evaluating the utility of single-locus DNA barcoding for the identification of ribbon worms (phylum Nemertea). PLoS ONE, 11 (5), e0155541. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0155541

  32. Tamura, K., Stecher, G. & Kumar, S. (2021) MEGA11: molecular evolutionary genetics analysis version 11. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 38 (7), 3022–3027. https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msab120

  33. Untergasser, A., Cutcutache, I., Koressaar, T., Ye, J., Faircloth, B.C., Remm, M. & Rozen, S.G. (2012) Primer3—new capabilities and interfaces. Nucleic Acids Research, 40 (15), e115. https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gks596

  34. Yamaoka, T. (1947) Emplectonema mitsuii. In: Uchida, S. et al. (Eds), Illustrated Encyclopedia of the Fauna of Japan (Exclusive of Insects), Revised Edition. Hokuryukan, Tokyo, p. 397.

  35. Zaslavskaya, N.I. & Chernyshev, A.V. (2008) Allozyme comparison of three nemertean species of the genus Oerstedia (Nemertea: Monostilifera) from the Sea of Japan. Biochemical Systematics and Ecology, 36 (7), 554–558. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bse.2008.03.013