Skip to main content Skip to main navigation menu Skip to site footer
Responsive image
Issue: Vol. 5278 No. 3: 8 May 2023
Type: Article
Published: 2023-05-08
DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5278.3.2
Page range: 439-460
Abstract views: 391
PDF downloaded: 22

To the knowledge of the solitary vespid wasps (Hymenoptera: Vespidae: Masarinae and Eumeninae s. l.) of Uzbekistan

T.I. Vyazemsky Karadag Scientific Station—Nature Reserve of RAS—Branch of A.O. Kovalevsky Institute of Biology of the Southern Seas of RAS; Nauki Str. 24; Kurortnoye; 298188 Feodosiya; Russia
Federal Scientific Center of the East Asia Terrestrial Biodiversity; Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences; 100-let Vladivostoku Ave. 159; 690022 Vladivostok; Russia
Institute of Biology and Biomedicine of the N.I. Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod; Gagarina Ave. 23; building 1; 603950 Nizhny Novgorod; Russia
Institute of Zoology of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan; Bogishamol Str. 232b; 100053 Tashkent; Uzbekistan
Hymenoptera pollen wasps eumenine wasps fauna taxonomy new synonymy trophic relationships nesting biology Central Asia Palaearctic region

Abstract

The knowledge of the solitary Vespidae of Uzbekistan is very poor and a preliminary list of species is provided. The list contains 105 species of 34 genera: seven species of three genera in the subfamily Masarinae, 96 species of 29 genera in Eumeninae s. str., one species in Raphiglossinae and one in Zethinae. Among them, eight genera and 27 species are reported from Uzbekistan for the first time; their label data and general distribution are reported. New synonymies are proposed: Leptochilus (Lionotulus Blüthgen, 1938) = L. (Neoleptochilus Blüthgen, 1961), syn. nov. = L. (Sarochilus Gusenleitner, 1970), syn. nov.; Leptochilus (Lionotulus) crassiceps (Kostylev, 1940) = L. (L.) flavicornis Giordani Soika, 1970, syn. nov.; Euodynerus (Pareuodynerus) cylindriventris (Kostylev, 1935) = E. (P.) distinctus (Kostylev, 1935), syn. nov.; Eustenancistrocerus (Eustenancistrocerus) askhabadensis (Radoszkowski, 1886) = E. (E.) jerichoensis (von Schulthess, 1928), syn. nov. = E. (E.) askhabadensis danticoides (Giordani Soika, 1943), syn. nov. = E. (E.) jerichoensis iconius Blüthgen, 1957, syn. nov. The synonymy of Eumenes (Eumenes) sareptanus André, 1884 with E. (E.) crimensis Blüthgen, 1938 is rejected. A nest of Stenodynerus chitgarensis Giordani Soika, 1970 is briefly described for the first time; it consisted of a constructed mud cell, with a turret-like entrance, attached to a subvertical surface of a stone. Bionomical observations on some other species are reported including prey records for three species, flower-visiting records for nine species, a sleeping aggregation of two species, and a Strepsiptera parasite of one species.

 

References

  1. André, E. (1881–1886) Species des Hyménoptères d’Europe et d’Algérie. Tome 2. André, Beaune, 919 + 48 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.10281 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.10281
  2. Antropov, A.V. & Fateryga, A.V. (2017) Family Vespidae. In: Lelej, A.S., Proshchalykin, M.Yu. & Loktionov, V.M. (Eds.), Annotated Catalogue of the Hymenoptera of Russia. Vol. 1. Symphyta and Apocrita: Aculeata. Proceedings of the Zoological Institute RAS, Supplement 6, pp. 175–196. https://doi.org/10.31610/trudyzin/2017.supl.6.5 DOI: https://doi.org/10.31610/trudyzin/2017.supl.6.5
  3. Bank, S., Sann, M., Mayer, C., Meusemann, K., Donath, A., Podsiadlowski, L., Kozlov, A., Petersen, M., Krogmann, L., Meier, R., Rosa, P., Schmitt, T., Wurdack, M., Liu, S., Zhou, X., Misof, B., Peters, R.S. & Niehuis, O. (2017) Transcriptome and target DNA enrichment sequence data provide new insights into the phylogeny of vespid wasps (Hymenoptera: Aculeata: Vespidae). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 116, 213–226. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2017.08.020 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2017.08.020
  4. Berland, L. (1927) Rectification de quelques noms d’Odynères employés par Ferton. Annales de la Société Entomologique de France, 96, 92.
  5. Białynicki-Birula, A. (1926) Ein Beitrag zur Kenntniss der paläarktischen Hoplomerus-Arten (Hymenoptera—Diploptera). Bulletin de l’Académie des Sciences de l’URSS, 20 (10–11), 885–906.
  6. Blüthgen, P. (1938a [“1937”]) Systematisches Verzeichnis der Faltenwespen Mitteleuropas, Skandinaviens und Englands. Konowia, 16, 270–295.
  7. Blüthgen, P. (1938b) Beiträge zur Kenntnis der paläarktischen Eumeniden (Hym. Vespidae). Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift, 1938 (2), 434–495. https://doi.org/10.1002/mmnd.193819380208 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/mmnd.48019380208
  8. Blüthgen, P. (1939) Beiträge zur Kenntnis der paläarktischen und einiger äthiopischer Faltenwespen (Hym. Vespidae). Veröffentlichungen aus dem Deutschen Kolonial- und Übersee-Museum in Bremen, 2 (3), 233–267.
  9. Blüthgen, P. (1943) Neue paläartkische Eumenes-Arten oder Rassen (Hym., Vespidae, Eumenidinaae). Mitteilungen der Münchner Entomologischen Gesellschaft, 33, 297–306.
  10. Blüthgen, P. (1952) Weitere neue oder bemerkenswerte paläarktische Faltenwespen aus der Zoologischen Staatssammlung in München (Hym., Eumenidae, Masaridae). Mitteilungen der Münchner Entomologischen Gesellschaft, 42, 1–19.
  11. Blüthgen, P. (1955) A.P. Fedtschenko’s turkestanische Vespiden-Ausbeute (Hym., Vespoidea, Eumenidae). Revue Suisse de Zoologie, 62 (1), 7–23. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.part.146034
  12. Blüthgen, P. (1956) Portuguese and Spanish wasps (Hymenoptera, Vespoidea). 1st supplement. Memórias e Estudos do Museu Zoológico da Universidade de Coimbra, 240, 1–22.
  13. Blüthgen, P. (1961) Die Faltenwespen Mitteleuropas (Hymenoptera, Diploptera). Abhandlungen der Deutschen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin. Klasse für Chemie, Geologie und Biologie, 1961 (2), 1–252. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/9783112537084
  14. Bytinski-Salz, H. (Ed.) (1957) Coleoptera and Hymenoptera from a journey through Asia Minor. Part II. Descriptions of new species and forms. Revue de la Faculté des Sciences de l’Université d’Istanbul. Série B, 22 (3), 163–169.
  15. Bytinski-Salz, H. & Gusenleitner, J. (1971) The Vespoidea of Israel (Hymenoptera). Israel Journal of Entomology, 6 (2), 239–299.
  16. Cameron, P. (1907) On a new genus and some new species of aculeate Hymenoptera collected by Lieut.-Col. C.G. Nurse in Baluchistan. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society, 18 (1), 130–136.
  17. Carpenter, J.M. (2001) Checklist of species of the subfamily Masarinae (Hymenoptera: Vespidae). American Museum Novitates, 3325, 1–39. https://doi.org/10.1206/0003-0082(2001)325%3C0001:COSOTS%3E2.0.CO;2 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1206/0003-0082(2001)325<0001:COSOTS>2.0.CO;2
  18. Castro, L. & Dvořák, L. (2009) New and noteworthy records of vespid wasps (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) from the Palaearctic region (II). Boletin de la Sociedad Entomológica Aragonesa, 44, 295–304.
  19. Castro, L. & Dvořák, L. (2010) New and noteworthy records of vespid wasps (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) from the Palaearctic region (III). Acta Musei Moraviae, Scientiae Biologicae, Brno, 95 (2), 37–53.
  20. Christ, J.L. (1791) Naturgeschichte, Klassification und Nomenclatur der Insekten vom Bienen, Wespen und Ameisengeschlecht; als der fünften Klasse fünfte Ordnung des Linneischen Natursystems von den Insekten: Hymenoptera. Mit häutigen Flügeln. Hermannischen Buchhandlung, Frankfurt am Main, 535 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.87724 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.87724
  21. Clement, S.L. (1972) Notes on the biology and larval morphology of Stenodynerus canus canus (Hymenoptera: Eumenidae). Pan-Pacific Entomologist, 48 (4), 271–275.
  22. Cowan, D.P. (1991) The solitary and presocial Vespidae. In: Ross, K.G. & Matthews, R.W. (Eds.), The social biology of wasps. Cornell University Press, Ithaca & London, pp. 33–73. https://doi.org/10.7591/9781501718670-005 DOI: https://doi.org/10.7591/9781501718670-005
  23. Cumming, J.M. (1989) Classification and evolution of the eumenine wasp genus Symmorphus Wesmael (Hymenoptera: Vespidae). Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada, 148, 5–168. https://doi.org/10.4039/entm121148fv DOI: https://doi.org/10.4039/entm121148fv
  24. Curtis, J. (1823–1840) British entomology: being illustrations and descriptions of the genera of insects found in Great Britain and Ireland: containing coloured figures from nature of the most rare and beautiful species, and in many instances of the plants upon which they are found. Vol. 4. Curtis, London, 70 pls., unnumbered text pages. https://doi.org/10.5962/t.171559 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5962/t.171559
  25. de Saussure, H. (1852–1853) Etudes sur la famille des Vespides. 1. Monographie des guepes solitaires ou de la tribu des Eumeniens, comprenant la classification et la description de toutes les especes connues jusqu’a ce jour, et servant de complement au manuel de Lepeletier de Saint-Fargeau. Masson & Cherbuliez, Paris & Geneva, lii + 286 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.39973 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.39973
  26. Dover, C. (1925 [“1924”]) Further notes on the India diplopterous wasps. Journal and Proceedings of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, New Series, 20 (6), 289–305.
  27. Evans, H.E. (1956) Notes on the biology of four species of ground-nesting Vespidae. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 58 (5), 265–270.
  28. Evans, H.E. (1970) Ecological-behavioral studies of the wasps of Jackson Hole, Wyoming. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, 140 (7), 451–511.
  29. Evans, H.E. & Matthews, R.W. (1974) Notes on nests and prey of two species of ground nesting Eumenidae from So. America (Hymenoptera). Entomological News, 85 (5–6), 149–155.
  30. Fateryga, A.V. (2018) Wasps of the family Vespidae (Hymenoptera) of the Crimean Peninsula. Entomofauna, 39, 193–233.
  31. Fateryga, A.V. (2022) Revision of the Pseudepipona herrichii-group of the eumenine wasps (Hymenoptera: Vespidae: Eumeninae) with the description of two new species from China and Russia. Zootaxa, 5154 (2), 101–126. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5154.2.1 DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5154.2.1
  32. Fateryga, A.V. & Mokrousov, M.V. (2019) New records of eumenine wasps (Hymenoptera: Vespidae: Eumeninae) from Russia with description of a new species of Leptochilus de Saussure, 1853. Zootaxa, 4612 (3), 412–422. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4612.3.7 DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4612.3.7
  33. Fateryga, A.V. & Proshchalykin, M.Yu. (2022) Contribution to the taxonomy of the Pseudepipona subgenus Deuterepipona Blüthgen, 1951 (Hymenoptera, Vespidae, Eumeninae) from Central Asia, with the description of four new species. Journal of Hymenoptera Research, 93, 101–123. https://doi.org/10.3897/jhr.93.90092 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/jhr.93.90092
  34. Fateryga, A.V., Proshchalykin, M.Yu., Aliyev, K.A. & Maharramov, M.M. (2019) To the knowledge of eumenine wasps (Hymenoptera: Vespidae: Eumeninae) of Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic of Azerbaijan. Far Eastern Entomologist, 379, 25–32. https://doi.org/10.25221/fee.379.2 DOI: https://doi.org/10.25221/fee.379.2
  35. Fateryga, A.V., Proshchalykin, M.Yu., Maharramov, M.M. & Astafurova, Yu.V. (2021) New records of solitary vespid wasps (Hymenoptera: Vespidae: Masarinae and Eumeninae s. l.) from the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic of Azerbaijan. Zootaxa, 5027 (1), 36–60. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5027.1.2 DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5027.1.2
  36. Ferton, C. (1901) Notes détachées sur l’instinct des Hyménoptères mellifères et ravisseurs avec la description de quelques espèces. Annales de la Société Entomologique de France, 70, 83–148, pls. 1–3.
  37. Ferton, C. (1905) Notes détachées sur l’instinct des Hyménoptères mellifères et ravisseurs (3e série) avec la description de quelques espèces. Annales de la Société Entomologique de France, 74, 56–104, pls. 3–4.
  38. Gess, S.K. (1996) The pollen wasps. Ecology and natural history of the Masarinae. Harvard University Press, Cambridge and London, x + 340 pp. https://doi.org/10.4159/harvard.9780674281684 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4159/harvard.9780674281684
  39. Giordani Soika, A. (1943) Eumenini palearctici nuovi o poco noti (Hym.). Bollettino della Società Vineziana di Storia Naturale e del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale, 3 (1), 1–14.
  40. Giordani Soika, A. (1952) Sulle caratteristiche biogeografiche della Palestina, Arabia ed Egitto con un contributo alla conoscenza degli Zethini ed Eumenini della Palestina. Bollettino della Società Vineziana di Storia Naturale e del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale, 6 (1), 5–62.
  41. Giordani Soika, A. (1966) Notulae vespidologicae XXV. Katamenes nuovi o poco noti. Bollettino del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Venezia, 17, 88–93.
  42. Giordani Soika, A. (1970) Contributo alla conoscenza degli Eumenidi del Medio Oriente. Missione Giordani Soika in Iran 1965, III. Bollettino del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Venezia, 20/21, 27–183.
  43. Girish Kumar, P., Castro, L. & Sheikh, A.H. (2019) Additions to the knowledge of the genus Katamenes Meade-Waldo, 1910 (Hymenoptera, Vespidae, Eumeninae) in India with a key and a checklist to the region’s species. Boletín de la Asociación Española de Entomología, 43 (1–2), 15–26.
  44. Gusenleitner, J. (1970) Notes on some new Eumenidae from Israel (Hymenoptera, Vespoidea). Israel Journal of Entomology, 5, 55–61.
  45. Gusenleitner, J. (1972) Übersicht über die derzeit bekannten westpaläarktischen Arten der Gattung Eumenes Latr. (Hymenoptera: Vespoidea). Bollettino del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Venezia, 22/23, 67–117.
  46. Gusenleitner, J. (1981) Revision der paläarktischen Stenodynerus-Arten (Hymenoptera, Eumenidae). Polskie Pismo Entomologiczne, 51 (2), 209–305.
  47. Gusenleitner, J. (1986) Beitrag zur Kenntnis der paläarktischen Antepipona-Arten (Hymenoptera, Eumenidae). Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien, Serie B, 88/89, 565–577.
  48. Gusenleitner, J. (1995) Bemerkungen über die Gattung Leptochilus Saussure 1852 und Beschreibung neuer Arten dieser Gattung (Hymenoptera, Vespoidea, Eumenidae). Linzer Biologische Beiträge, 27 (1), 169–181.
  49. Gusenleitner, J. (1998) Bestimmungstabellen mittel- und südeuropäischer Eumeniden (Vespoidea, Hymenoptera). Teil 8. Die Gattungen Odynerus Latreille 1802, Gymnomerus Blüthgen 1938, Paragymnomerus Blüthgen 1938 und Tropidodynerus Blüthgen 1939. Linzer Biologische Beiträge, 30 (1), 163–181.
  50. Gusenleitner, J. (2012) Bemerkenswertes über Faltenwespen XII (Hymenoptera: Vespidae: Eumeninae). Linzer Biologische Beiträge, 44 (2), 1129–1136.
  51. Gusenleitner, J. (2013) Die Gattungen der Eumeninae im Nahen Osten, in Nordafrika und in Arabien (Hymenoptera: Vespidae: Eumeninae). Linzer Biologische Beiträge, 45 (1), 5–107.
  52. ICZN (1999) International code of zoological nomenclature. Fourth edition. International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature, London, xxix + 306 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.50608 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.50608
  53. Iwata, K. (1976) Evolution of instinct. Comparative ethology of Hymenoptera. Amerind Publishing Co. Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, xii + 536 pp.
  54. Kostylev, G. (1927) Einige neue Vespidae aus Turkestan (Hym). Entomologische Mitteilungen, 16 (1), 73–81.
  55. Kostylev, G. (1929) Drie neue Odynerus-Arten aus Turkestan (Hymenoptera). Revue Russe d’Entomologie, 23 (1–2), 111–114.
  56. Kostylev, G. (1935a [“1934”]) Neue und wenig bekannte Mittelasiatische Wespidenarten (Hym.). Archives du Muzée Zoologique de l’Université de Moscou, 1, 117–146. [in Russian and German]
  57. Kostylev, G. (1935b) Materialien zur Kenntnis der Masariden-Fauna der Paläarktis. Archives du Muzée Zoologique de l’Université de Moscou, 2, 85–116. [in Russian and German]
  58. Kostylev, G (1937 [“1936”]) Quelques éspèces nouvelles ou peu connues de la famille des Vespides. Archives du Muzée Zoologique de l’Université de Moscou, 3, 221–226. [in Russian and French]
  59. Kostylev, G. (1940a) Espèces novivelles et peu connues de Vespides, d’Euménides et de Masarides paléarctiques (Hymenoptera) I. Bulletin de la Société des Naturalistes de Moscou. Section Biologique, 49 (3–4), 137–154.
  60. Kostylev, G. (1940b) Espèces novivelles et peu connues de Vespides, d’Euménides et de Masarides paléarctiques (Hymenoptera) II. Bulletin de la Société des Naturalistes de Moscou. Section Biologique, 49 (5–6), 24–42.
  61. Krombein, K.V. (1979) Superfamily Vespoidea. In: Krombein, K.V., Hurd, P.D., Smith, D.R. & Burks, B.D. (Eds.), Catalog of Hymenoptera in America north of Mexico. Vol. 2. Apocrita (Aculeata). Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, pp. 1469–1522.
  62. Kurzenko, N.V. (1977a) A review of wasps of the family Eumenidae (Hymenoptera, Vespoidea) of the fauna of the USSR. Genera Paravespa Rad., Paragymnomerus Blüthg., Tropidodynerus Blüthg., Gymnomerus Blüthg. and Odynerus Latr. Entomologicheskoe Obozrenie, 56 (3), 676–690. [in Russian]
  63. Kurzenko, N.V. (1977b) Eumenid wasps (Hymenoptera, Eumenidae) of the Mongolian People’s Republic and adjacent regions of China and Southern Siberia. In: Kerzhner, I.M. (Ed.), Insects of Mongolia. No. 5. Nauka, Leningrad, pp. 537–582. [in Russian]
  64. Kurzenko, N.V. (1978) Solitary wasps of the family Eumenidae (Hymenoptera, Vespoidea) in the fauna of the USSR. 1. Subfamilies Raphiglossinae and Discoeliinae. Zoologicheskii Zhurnal, 57 (6), 867–872. [in Russian]
  65. Kurzenko, N.V. (1982 [“1981”]) [Review of the genera of the vespid wasps of the family Eumenidae (Hymenoptera, Vespoidea) of the fauna of the USSR]. In: Lehr, P.A. (Ed.), [Hymenoptera of the Far East]. Far Eastern Center of the Academy of Sciences of USSR Press, Vladivostok, pp. 81–112. [in Russian]
  66. Kurzenko, N.V. (1984) A new Middle-Asian species of the genus Tachyancistrocerus (Hymenoptera, Eumenidae). Zoologicheskii Zhurnal, 63 (5), 781–783. [in Russian]
  67. Kurzenko, N.V. (2004) Solitary vespoid wasps of the genus Onychopterocheilus Blüthgen, 1955 (Hymenoptera: Vespidae, Eumeninae) of the Russia and adjacent countries. Subgenus Onychopterocheilus s. str. Proceedings of the Russian Entomological Society, 75 (1), 242–252. [in Russian]
  68. Li, T.-J., Bai, Y. & Chen, B. (2022) A revision of the genus Jucancistrocerus Blüthgen, 1938 from China, with review of three related genera (Hymenoptera: Vespidae: Eumeninae). Zootaxa, 5105 (3), 401–420. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5105.3.4 DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5105.3.4
  69. Linnaeus, C. (1758) Systema naturæ per regna tria naturæ, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Tomus 1. Editio decima, reformata. Salvius, Holmiae [Stockholm], iv + 824 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.542 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.542
  70. Luo, L., Carpenter, J.M., Chen, B. & Li, T.-J. (2022) First comprehensive analysis of both mitochondrial characteristics and mitogenome-based phylogenetics in the subfamily Eumeninae (Hymenoptera: Vespidae). Insects, 13 (6), 529. https://doi.org/10.3390/insects13060529 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/insects13060529
  71. Mauss, V., Kuba, K. & Krenn, H.W. (2019) Evolution of the multifunctional mouthparts of adult Vespidae. In: Krenn, H.W. (Ed.), Insect Mouthparts. Zoological Monographs 5. Springer, Cham, pp. 443–478. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-29654-4_14 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-29654-4_14
  72. Micheli, L. (1930) Note biologiche e morfologiche sugli Imenotteri (contributo 2o). Memorie della Società Entomologica Italiana, 9, 46–66.
  73. Mjöberg, E. (1909) Biologiska iakttagelser över Odynerus oviventris Wes. Arkiv för Zoologi, 5 (7), 1–8. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.part.3496
  74. Mokrousov, M.V. (2015) Description of the male and redescription of the female of Microdynerus rubronotatus (Kostylev, 1940) (Hymenoptera: Vespidae). Eversmannia, Supplement 5, 51–53, pl. 3B. [in Russian]
  75. Mokrousov, M.V. & Zryanin, V.A. (2015) Materials on the early spring wasps and ants fauna of Uzbekistan (Hymenoptera: Vespomorpha: Chrysidoidea, Scolioidea, Pompiloidea, Vespoidea, Apoidea [Spheciformes], Formicoidea). Eversmannia, Supplement 5, 36–48. [in Russian]
  76. Morawitz, F. (1885) Eumenidarum species novae. Horae Societatis Entomologicae Rossicae, 19 (1–2), 135–181.
  77. Morawitz, F. (1888) Hymenoptera aculeata nova. Horae Societatis Entomologicae Rossicae, 22 (3–4), 224–302.
  78. Morawitz, F. (1889) Insecta, a Cl. G.N. Potanin in China et in Mongolia novissime lecta. IV. Hymenoptera Aculeata. Horae Societatis Entomologicae Rossicae, 23 (1–2), 112–168.
  79. Morawitz, F. (1895) Materialien zu einer Vespidenfauna des Russischen Reiches. Horae Societatis Entomologicae Rossicae, 29 (3–4), 407–493.
  80. Müller, M. (1923) Unsere märkische Pillenwespe (Eumenes F.). Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift, 1923 (6), 624–633.
  81. Nielsen, E.T. (1932) Sur les habitudes des Hyménoptères aculéates solitaires II (Vespidae, Chrysididae, Sapygidae et Mutillidae). Entomologiske Meddelelser, 18, 84–174.
  82. Oehlke, J. (2012) Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Faltenwespen-Fauna von Kyrgyzstan (Hymenoptera, Vespidae & Eumenidae). Linzer Biologische Beiträge, 44 (1), 595–600.
  83. Olszewski, P. & Fateryga, A.V. (2023) Notes on two nests of Ancistrocerus oviventris (Wesmael, 1836), with new records of its prey and brood parasites (Hymenoptera: Vespidae: Eumeninae). European Zoological Journal, 90 (1), 150–155. https://doi.org/10.1080/24750263.2023.2174191 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/24750263.2023.2174191
  84. Parker, F.D. (1966) A revision of the North American species in the genus Leptochilus (Hymenoptera: Eumenidae). Miscellaneous Publications of the Entomological Society of America, 5, 151–229.
  85. Piekarski, P.K., Carpenter, J.M., Lemmon, A.R., Lemmon, E.M. & Sharanowski, B.J. (2018) Phylogenomic evidence overturns current conceptions of social evolution in wasps (Vespidae). Molecular Biology and Evolution, 35 (9), 2097–2109. https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msy124 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msy124
  86. Radoszkowski, O. (1886) Fauna hyménoptèrologique transcaspienne. Horae Societatis Entomologicae Rossicae, 20 (1–2), 3–56, pls. I–XI.
  87. Rahmani, Z., Rakhshani, E. & Carpenter, J.M. (2020) Updated checklist of Vespidae (Hymenoptera: Vespoidea) in Iran. Journal of Insect Biodiversity and Systematics, 6 (1), 27–86. https://doi.org/10.52547/jibs.6.1.27 DOI: https://doi.org/10.52547/jibs.6.1.27
  88. Schmid-Egger, C., Gusenleitner, J., Liebig, W.-H. & Jacobs, H.-J. (2021) New records of Vespidae (Hymenoptera) from Iran with descriptions of three species. Linzer Biologische Beiträge, 52 (2), 1105–1121.
  89. Spradbery, J.P. (1973) Wasps; an account of the biology and natural history of solitary and social wasps. University of Washington Press, Washington, xvi + 408 pp.
  90. van Achterberg, C., Smit, J.T. & Ljubomirov, T. (2023) Review of the European Eumenes Latreille (Hymenoptera, Vespidae) using morphology and DNA barcodes, with an illustrated key to species. ZooKeys, 1143, 93–163. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1143.94951 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1143.94951.figure1
  91. van der Vecht, J. & Fischer, F.C.J. (1972) Hymenopterorum Catalogus. Pars 8. Palaearctic Eumenidae. Junk, ‘s-Gravenhage, vi + 199 pp.
  92. Verhoeff, C. (1890) Ein Beitrag zur deutschen Hymenopteren-Fauna. Entomologische Nachrichten, 16, 321–336.
  93. von Schulthess, A. (1928) Beitrage zur Kenntnis nordafrikanischer Hymenopteren. Eos, 4, 65–92.