Abstract
The Diptera fauna of the Galápagos Archipelago is updated and an annotated checklist is presented. Currently 50 families, 207 genera, and a minimum of 324 species are recorded from the islands. Approximately 107 species are considered to have arrived on the Galápagos Islands through human introductions, an estimated 101 species are considered endemic, 42 species have naturally colonized the islands from mainland Americas, 21 species are either introduced or arrived naturally and 53 species remain unidentified. The following new combination is proposed: Chrysanthrax primitivus (Walker) is moved to Hemipenthes Loew as H. primitivus (Walker) comb. nov. All references to the Galápagos taxonomic literature are included, known island species distributions listed and general remarks on the biology of many species are provided.
References
- Abedraabo [sic], S., Le Pont, F., Shelley, A.J. & Mouchet, J. (1993) Introduction et acclimatation d’une simulie anthropophile dans l’ile San Cristóbal, archipel des Galapagos (Diptera, Simulidae). Bulletin de la Société entomologique de France, 98 (2), 108. https://doi.org/10.3406/bsef.1993.17866 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3406/bsef.1993.17866
- Adler, P.H. & Crosskey, R.W. (2018) World blackflies (Diptea: Simuliidae): a comprehensive revision of the taxonomic and geographical inventory. Available from: http://www.clemson.edu/cafls/biomia/pdfs/blackflyinventory.pdf (accessed 19 April 2023)
- Aldrich, J.M. (1916) Sarcophaga and allies in North America. Thomas Say Publications. Vol. 1. Murphey-Bivins Co. Press, La Fayette, Indiana, 302 pp., 16 pls. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.32298 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.32298
- Aldrich, J.M. (1921) The anthomyiid genus Atherigona in America. Insecutor Inscitiae Menstruus, 9, 93–98.
- Ale-Rocha, R. (1992) Redescrição de Tomosvaryella galapagensis (Curran 1934) (Diptera: Pipunculidae). Boletim do Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, Série Zoologia, 8 (2), 319–321.
- Ale-Rocha, R. (1996) Revisão das espécies de Tomosvaryella Aczél da América do Sul (Diptera, Pipunculidae). Revista Brasileira de Entomologia, 40 (2), 165–187.
- Ale-Rocha, R. & Mathis, W.N. (2015) A revision of the New World species of Paralimna Loew (Diptera: Ephydridae). Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, No. 643. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5479/si.1943-6696.643
- Ale-Rocha, R. & Rafael, J.A. (1995) Tomosvaryella Aczél do México, América Central e Antilhas (Diptera, Pipunculidae). Revista Brasileira de Entomologia, 12 (2), 407–427. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0101-81751995000200017 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/S0101-81751995000200017
- Alexander, C.P. (1962) The crane flies of the Galapagos Islands (Tipulidae, Diptera). Opuscula Zoologica, 61, 1–5.
- Alexander, C.P. (1970) Family Tipulidae. In: Papavero, N. (Ed.), A Catalogue of the Diptera of the Americas, south of the United States. Vol. 4. Museu de Zoologia, Universidade de São Paulo, pp. 1–259.
- Anderson, D.J. & Fortner, S. (1988) Waved Albatross egg neglect and associated mosquito ectoparasitism. The Condor, 90, 727–729. https://doi.org/10.2307/1368369 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/1368369
- Arnaud, P.H., Jr. (1979) A catalog of the types of Diptera in the collection of the California Academy of Sciences. Myia, 1, i–v + 1–505.
- Asigau, S., Hartman, D.A., Higashiguchi, J.M. & Parker, P.G. (2017) The distribution of mosquitoes across an altitudinal gradient in the Galapagos Islands. Journal of Vector Ecology, 42 (2), 243–253. https://doi.org/10.1111/jvec.12264 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/jvec.12264
- Aubertin, D. (1934) Revision of the genus Lucilia R.–D. (Diptera, Calliphoridae). Journal of the Linnean Society of London. Zoology, 38, 389–436. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.1933.tb00991.x DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.1933.tb00991.x
- Ayala, F.J. (1973) Two new species of the Drosophila willistoni group (Diptera: Drosophilidae). The Pan-Pacific Entomologist, 49, 273–279.
- Barber, K.N. & Roháček, J. (2010) Anthomyzidae (anthomyzid flies). In: Brown, B.V., Borkent, A., Cumming, J.M., Wood, D.M. & Zumbado, M. (Eds.), Manual of Central American Diptera. Vol. 2. NRC Research Press, Ottawa, pp. 1073–1081.
- Bataille, A., Cunningham, A.A., Cedeño, V., Patiño, L., Constantinou, A., Kramer, L.D. & Goodman, S.J. (2009) Natural colonization and adaptation of a mosquito species in Galápagos and its implications for disease threats to endemic wildlife. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 106 (25), 10230–10235. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0901308106 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0901308106
- Bataille, A., Cunningham, A.A., Cruz, M., Cedeño, V. & Goodman, S.J. (2010) Seasonal effects and fine-scale population dynamics of Aedes taeniorhynchus, a major disease vector in the Galapagos Islands. Molecular Ecology, 19 (20), 4491–4504. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294X.2010.04843.x DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294X.2010.04843.x
- Bataille, A., Fournié, G., Cruz, M., Cedeño, V., Parker, P.G., Cunnigham, A.A. & Goodman, S.J. (2012) Host selection and parasite infection in Aedes taeniorhynchus, endemic disease vector in the Galápagos Islands. Infection, Genetics and Evolution, 12, 1831–1841. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meegid.2012.07.019 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meegid.2012.07.019
- Baumgartner, D.L. & Greenberg, B. (1984) The genus Chrysomya (Diptera: Calliphoridae) in the New World. Journal of Medical Entomology, 21 (1), 105–113. https://doi.org/10.1093/jmedent/21.1.105 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/jmedent/21.1.105
- Becker, T. (1920) Diptères brachycères. Mission du Service Géographique de l’Armée pour la mesure d’un arc de Méridien Equatorial en Amérique du Sud, 1899–1906, 10 (2), 163–215. [1919]
- Belkin, J.N., Heinemann, S.J. & Page, W.A. (1970) The Culicidae of Jamaica (Mosquito Studies. XXI). Contributions of the American Entomological Institute, 6 (1), 1–458.
- Bequaert, J.C. (1933) The Templeton Crocker Expedition of the California Academy of Sciences, 1932. No.11. The Hippoboscidae of the Galapagos Archipelago (Notes on the Hippoboscidae. 8.) with an appendix on the Tabanidae. Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences, Series 4, 21 (11), 131–138.
- Bequaert, J.C. (1955) The Hippoboscidae or louse–flies (Diptera) of mammals and birds. Part II. Taxonomy, evolution and revision of American genera and species. Entomologica Americana, 35, 233–416.
- Bequaert, J.C. (1957) The Hippoboscidae or louse–flies (Diptera) of mammals and birds. Part II. Taxonomy, evolution and revision of American genera and species. Entomologica Americana, 36, 417–611.
- Bergeron, M.D., Marshall, S.A. & Swann, J.E. (2015) A review of the New World Coproica (Diptera: Sphaeroceridae) with a description of 8 new species. Zootaxa, 3953 (1), 1–157. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3953.1.1 DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3953.1.1
- Bickel, D.J. (1985) A revision of the Nearctic Medetera (Diptera: Dolichopodidae). United States Department of Agriculture, Technical Bulletin, No. 1692, 1–109.
- Bickel, D.J. (1996) Restricted and widespread taxa in the Pacific: biogeographic processes in the family Dolichopodidae (Diptera). In: Keast, A. & Miller, S.E. (Eds.), The Origin and Evolution of Pacific Island Biotas, New Guinea to Eastern Polynesia: Patterns and Processes. SPB Academic Publishing, Amsterdam, pp. 331–346.
- Bickel, D.J. & Sinclair, B.J. (1997) The Dolichopodidae (Diptera) of the Galápagos Islands, with notes on the New World fauna. Entomologica scandinavica, 28, 241–270. https://doi.org/10.1163/187631297X00079 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1163/187631297X00079
- Bigot, J.M.F. (1857) Dipteros. In: Sagra, R. de la, Historia fisica politica y natural de la Isla de Cuba. Segunde parte. Historia natural. Vol. 7. A. Bertrand, Paris, pp. 328–349.
- Bigot, J.M.F. (1885) Diptères nouveaux ou peu connus. 27e partie. XXXV. Annales de la Société entomologique de France, Series 6, 5, 225–246.
- Bigot, J.M.F. (1888) Diptères nouveaux ou peu connus. Muscidi (J.B.). Bulletin de la Société Zoologique de France 12 (1887), 581–617. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.9278 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.9278
- Bischof, J. (1904) Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Muscaria schizometopa. Verhandlungen der Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien 54, 79–101.
- Boada, R. (2005) Insects associated with endangered plants in the Galápagos Islands, Ecuador. Entomotropica, 20 (2), 77–88.
- Bohart, G.E. (1947) The phorid flies of Guam. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 96 (3205), 397–416. https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00963801.96-3205.397 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00963801.96-3205.397
- Boucher S. 2002. Revision of the Nearctic species of Cerodontha (Cerodontha) (Diptera: Agromyzidae). The Canadian Entomologist, 134, 577–603. https://doi.org/10.4039/Ent134577-5 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4039/Ent134577-5
- Borgmeier, T. (1960) Gefluegelt und ungefleugelte Phoriden aus der neotrpischen Region, nebst Beschreibung von sieben neuen Gattungen (Diptera, Phoridae). Studia entomologica, New Series, 3, 257–374.
- Borgmeier, T. (1967) New or little-known phorid flies, with the description of two new genera (Diptera, Phoridae). Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias, 39, 195–210.
- Borkent, A. (1991) The Ceratopogonidae (Diptera) of the Galápagos Islands, Ecuador with a discussion of their phylogenetic relationships and zoogeographic origins. Entomologica scandinavica, 22 (1), 97–122. https://doi.org/10.1163/187631291X00336 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1163/187631291X00336
- Borkent, A. & Dominiak, P. (2020) Catalog of the biting midges of the world (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Zootaxa, 4787 (1), 1–377. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4787.1.1 DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4787.1.1
- Borkent, A. & Wirth, W.W. (1997) World species of biting midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 233, 1–257. http://hdl.handle.net/2246/1622
- Bowman, R.I. (1961) Morphological differentiation and adaptation in the Galápagos finches. University of California Publications in Zoology, 58, 1–302.
- Brake, I. (1997) Ecological studies on Carnidae (Diptera) on the bird island Mellum. Studia dipterologica, 4 (1), 201–210.
- Brake, I. (2009) Revision of Milichiella Giglio-Tos (Diptera, Milichiidae). Zootaxa, 2188 (1), 1–166. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2188.1.1 DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2188.1.1
- Brake, I. & Bächli, G. (2008) Drosophilidae (Diptera). In: World Catalog of Insects, 9, 1–412. https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004261037 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004261037_001
- Brauer, F. & Bergenstamm, J.E. von (1891) Die Zweiflügler des Kaiserlichen Museums zu Wien. v. Vorarbeiten zu einer Monographie der Muscaria schizometopa (Exclusive Anthomyidae). Pars II. Denkschriften der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften, 58, 305–446.
- Brauer, F. & Bergenstamm, J.E. von (1893) Die Zweiflügler des Kaiserlichen Museums zu Wien. VI. Vorarbeiten zu einer Monographie der Muscaria schizometopa (Exclusive Anthomyidae). Pars III. Denkschriften der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften, 60, 89–240.
- Brown, B.V., Borkent, A., Cumming, J.M., Wood, D.M., Woodley, N.E. & Zumbado, M.A. (2009) Manual of Central American Diptera. Vol. 1. NRC Research Press, Ottawa, pp. i–xii + 1–714.
- Brown, B.V., Borkent, A., Cumming, J.M., Wood, D.M., Woodley, N.E. & Zumbado, M.A. (2010) Manual of Central American Diptera. Vol. 2. NRC Research Press, Ottawa, pp. i–xvi + 715–1442.
- Brues, C.T. (1905) Phoridae from the Indo-Australian region. Annales historico-naturales Musei Nationalis Hungarici, 3, 541–555.
- Brunetti, E. (1912) Diptera Nematocera (excluding Chironomidae and Culicidae). In: Shipley, A.E. (Ed.), The fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Vol. 1. Today & Tomorrow’s Printers & Publishers, New Delhi & London, pp. i–xii+ 1–581. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.8711 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.100757
- Buchholz, S., Baert, L., Rodríguez, J., Causton, C.E. & Jäger, H. (2020) Spiders in Galapagos - diversity, biogeography and origin. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 130, 41–48. https://doi.org/10.1093/biolinnean/blaa019 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/biolinnean/blaa019
- Buck, M. (2010) Neriidae (neriid flies, cactus flies). In: Brown, B.V., Borkent, A., Cumming, J.M., Wood, D.M. & Zumbado, M. (Eds.), Manual of Central American Diptera. Vol. 2. NRC Research Press, Ottawa, pp. 815–819.
- Buck, M. & Marshall, S.A. (2009) Revision of New World Leptocera Olivier (Diptera, Sphaeroceridae). Zootaxa, 2039 (1), 1–139. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2039.1.1 DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2039.1.1
- Buenaventura, E. & Pape, T. (2013) Revision of the New World genus Peckia Robineau–Desvoidy (Diptera: Sarcophagidae). Zootaxa, 3622 (1), 1–87. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3622.1.1 DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3622.1.1
- Buestán, J., Navarrete, R. & Mejia, M. (2007) Lista Actualizada de Tábanos del Ecuador Revista Ecuatoriana de Higiene y Medicina Tropical, 44 (1), 23–78.
- Bulgarella, M., Quiroga, M.A., Brito Vera, G.A., Dregni, J.S., Cunninghame, F., Mosquera Muñoz, D.A., Monje, L.D., Causton, C.E. & Heimpel, G.E. (2015) Philornis downsi (Diptera: Muscidae), an avian nest parasite invasive to the Galápagos Islands, in mainland Ecuador. Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 108 (3), 242–250. https://doi.org/10.1093/aesa/sav026 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/aesa/sav026
- Bulgarella, M., Quiroga, M.A., Boulton, R.A., Ramírez, I.E., Moon, R.D., Causton, C.E. & Heimpel, G.E. (2017) Life cycle and host specificity of the parasitoid Conura annulifera (Hymenoptera: Chalcididae), a potential biological control agent of Philornis downsi (Diptera: Muscidae) in the Galápagos Islands. Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 110 (3), 317–328. https://doi.org/10.1093/aesa/saw102 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/aesa/saw102
- Capellari, R.S. (2015) Review of the longipalpus-group of Chrysotus Meigen (Diptera: Dolichopodidae), with description of four new species. Neotropical Entomology, 44, 47–58. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13744-014-0254-5 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13744-014-0254-5
- Cárdenas R.E., Buestán, J. & Dangles, O. (2009) Diversity and distribution models of horse flies (Diptera: Tabanidae) from Ecuador. Annales de la Société Entomologique de France, 45 (4), 511–528, appendices 4–5. https://doi.org/10.1080/00379271.2009.10697633 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00379271.2009.10697633
- Carmo-Neto, A.M., Lamas, C.J.E. & Urso-Guimarães, M.V. (2021) Review of Insulestremia Jaschhof, 2004 (Diptera; Cecidomyiidae; Lestremiinae) with description of two new species from Brazil. Zootaxa, 4966 (3), 367–375. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4966.3.8 DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4966.3.8
- Carpenter, S.J. & LaCasse, W.J. (1955) Mosquitoes of North America (North of Mexico). University of California Press, Berkley, California, 360 pp. https://doi.org/10.1525/9780520325098 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1525/9780520325098
- Carson, H.L., Val, F.C. & Wheeler, M.R. (1983) Drosophilidae of the Galápagos Islands, with descriptions of two new species. International Journal of Entomology, 25 (4), 239–248.
- Carvalho, C.J.B. de & Pont, A.C. (1998) A revision of New World Brontaea Kowarz (Diptera, Muscidae). Revista Brasileira de Zoologia, 14 (3) , 723–749. [1997] https://doi.org/10.1590/S0101-81751997000300020 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/S0101-81751997000300020
- Carvalho, C.J.B. de, Pont, A.C., Couri, M.S. & Pamplona, D. (2003) A catalogue of the Fanniidae (Diptera) of the Neotropical Region. Zootaxa, 219 (1), 1–32. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.219.1.1 DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.219.1.1
- Carvalho, C.J.B. de, Couri, M.S., Pont, A.C., Pamplona, D. & Lopes, S.M. (2005) A Catalogue of the Muscidae (Diptera) of the Neotropical Region. Zootaxa, 860 (1), 1–282. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.860.1.1 DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.860.1.1
- Carvalho-Filho, F.S. & Esposito, M.C. (2012) Revision of Argoravinia Townsend (Diptera: Sarcophagidae) of Brazil with the description of two new species. Zootaxa, 3256 (1), 1–26. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3256.1.1 DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3256.1.1
- Causton, C. & Sevilla, C. (2007) Latest records of introduced invertebrates in Galapagos and measures to control them. Galapagos Report, 2006–2007, 142–145.
- Causton, C.E., Peck, S.B., Sinclair, B.J., Roque-Albelo, L., Hodgson, C.J. & Landry, B. (2006) Alien insects: threats and implications for conservation of Galápagos Islands. Annals of Entomological Society of America, 99 (1), 121–143. https://doi.org/10.1603/0013-8746(2006)099[0121:AITAIF]2.0.CO;2 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1603/0013-8746(2006)099[0121:AITAIF]2.0.CO;2
- Causton, C., Cunninghame, F. & Tapia, W. (2013) Management of the avian parasite Philornis downsi in the Galapagos Islands: a collaborative and strategic action plan. Galapagos Report 2011–2012, 2013, 167–173.
- Chamorro, S., Heleno, R., Olesen, J.M., McMullen, C.K. & Traveset, A. (2012) Pollination patterns and plant breeding systems in the Galápagos: a review. Annals of Botany, 110, 1489–1501. https://doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcs132 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcs132
- Chandler, P.J. (2006) The Neotropical species of Sciophila Meigen (Diptera, Mycetophilidae). Studia dipterologica, 13 (1), 19–27.
- Cole, F.R. (1923) Expedition of the California Academy of Sciences to the Gulf of California in 1921. Diptera from the Islands and Adjacent Shores of the Gulf of California. II. General Report. Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences, 12 (25), 457–481.
- Comstock, J.H. (1882) Report on miscellaneous insects. In: Riley, C.V., Report of the Entomologist. Annual Report of the Department of Agriculture 1882 (1881). Government Printing Office, Washington, pp. 195–214.
- Cook, E.F. (1956) A contribution toward a monograph of the Scatopsidae (Diptera) Part III, the genus Rhexoza Enderlein. Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 49 (1), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1093/aesa/49.1.1 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/aesa/49.1.1
- Coquillett, D.W. (1895a) Synopsis of the dipterous genus Phora. The Canadian Entomologist, 27, 103–107. https://doi.org/10.4039/Ent27103-4 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4039/Ent27103-4
- Coquillett, D.W. (1895b) With descriptions of new genera and species. In: Johnson, C.W., Diptera of Florida. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 1895, 307–319.
- Coquillett, D.W. (1900) Report on a collection of dipterous insects from Puerto Rico. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 22 (1198), 249–270. https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00963801.22-1198.249 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00963801.22-1198.249
- Coquillett, D.W. (1901a) Papers from the Hopkins Stanford Galapagos Expedition, 1898–1899. II. Entomological results (2): Diptera. Proceedings of the Washington Academy of Sciences, 3, 371–379. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.part.26343 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.part.26342
- Coquillett, D.W. (1901b) New Diptera in the U.S. National Museum. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 23 (1225), 593–618. https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00963801.23-1225.593 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00963801.23-1225.593
- Coquillett, D.W. (1902a) New Diptera from North America. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 25 (1280), 83–126. https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00963801.25-1280.83 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00963801.25-1280.83
- Coquillett, D.W. (1902b) New Acalyptrate Diptera from North America. Journal of the New York Entomological Society, 10 (4), 177–191.
- Coscarón, S. & Papavero, N. (2009) Catalogue of Neotropical Diptera. Tabanidae. Neotropical Diptera, 16, 1–199.
- Couri, M.S. (2000) A new species of Philornis Meinert from Galapagos Is (Diptera, Muscidae). Boletim do Museu Nacional, Nova Série, Zoologia, Rio de Janeiro, No. 414, 1–6.
- Courtney, G.W., Pape, T., Skevington, J.H. & Sinclair, B.J. (2017) Biodiversity of Diptera. In: Foottit, R.G. & Adler, P.H. (Eds.), Insect Biodiversity: Science and Society. 2nd Edition. Blackwell Publishing, Oxford, pp. 229–278. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118945568.ch9 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118945568.ch9
- Cresson, E.T. Jr. (1917) Descriptions of new genera and species of the dipterous family Ephydridae—IV. Entomological News, 28 (8), 340–341.
- Cresson, E.T. Jr. (1918) Costa Rican Diptera collected by Philip P. Calvert, PH.D., 1909–1910. Paper 3. A report on the Ephydridae. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 44, 39–68.
- Cresson, E.T. Jr. (1922) Descriptions of new genera and species of the dipterous family Ephydridae—V. Entomological News, 33 (1), 135–137.
- Cresson, E.T. Jr. (1926) Descriptions of new genera and species of Diptera (Ephydridae and Micropezidae). Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 52 (3), 249–274.
- Cresson, E.T. Jr. (1930) Descriptions of new genera and species of the dipterous family Ephydridae – VIII. Entomological News, 41 (1), 76–81.
- Cresson, E.T. Jr. (1931) Ephydridae. Diptera of Patagonia and South Chile, 6 (2), 85–116.
- Cresson, E.T. Jr. (1936) Descriptions and notes on genera and species of the dipterous family Ephydridae. II. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 62 (4), 257–270.
- Cresson, E.T. Jr. (1938) Notes on, and descriptions of, some Neotropical Ephydridae (Dipt.). Revista de Entomologia, Rio de Janeiro, 8, 24–40.
- Cresson, E.T. Jr. (1944) Descriptions of new genera and species of the dipterous family Ephydridae. Paper XIV. Notulae Naturae. The Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 135, 1–9.
- Crosskey, R.W. & Shelley, A.J. (1994) A turn-up for the book: blackflies in the Galapagos. British Simuliid Group Bulletin, 4, 21–22.
- Curio, E. (1964) Über das Nächtigen von Nocticanace galapagensis Curran (Diptera, Canaceidae). Ergebnisse der Deutschen Galapagos–Expedition 1962/63. IV. Zeitschrift für Tierpsychologie, 21 (7), 794–797. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0310.1964.tb01218.x DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0310.1964.tb01218.x
- Curran, C.H. (1932) [The Norwegian Zoological Expedition to the Galapagos Islands 1925, conducted by Alf Wollebaek. IV.] Diptera (excl. of Tipulidae and Culicidae). Nyt Magazin for Naturvidenskaberne, 71, 347–366.
- Curran, C.H. (1934) The Templeton Crocker Expedition of the California Academy of Sciences, 1932. no.13. Diptera. Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences, Series 4, 21 (13), 147–172.
- Dear, J.P. (1985) A revision of the New World Chrysomyini (Diptera: Calliphoridae). Revista Brasileira de Zoologia, 3 (3), 109–169. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0101-81751985000300001 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/S0101-81751985000300001
- Delgado Zúñiga, R. (1975) Aspectos citologicos de Drosophila de Santa Cruz y San Cristobal Galapagos. Revista de la Universidad Católica, Año III (8), 37–75.
- Del Rosario, F. (1936) The American species of Psychoda (Diptera: Psychodidae). The Philippine Journal of Science, 59, 85–148.
- De Meyer, M. (1996) World catalogue of Pipunculidae (Diptera). Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique, Documents de Travail, 86, 1–127.
- Disney, R.H.L. & Sinclair, B.J. (2008) Some scuttle flies (Diptera: Phoridae) of the Galápagos Islands. Tijdschrift voor Entomologie, 151, 115–132. https://doi.org/10.1163/22119434-900000257 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1163/22119434-900000257
- Dobzhansky, Th. & Pavan, C. (1943) Studies on Brazilian species of Drosophila. Boletim da Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras, da Universidade de São Paulo, 36, Biologia Geral, 4, 7–72.
- Dodge, H.R. & Aitken, T.H.G. (1968) Philornis flies from Trinidad (Diptera: Muscidae). Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society, 41, 134–154.
- Doleschall, C.L. (1858) Derde bijdrage tot de kennis der dipteren fauna van Nederlandsch Indië. Natuurkundig Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch Indië, (1858–1859) 17, 73–128.
- Duda, O. (1925a) Die außereuropäischen Arten der Gattung Leptocera Olivier = Limosina Marquart (Dipteren) mit Berücksichtigung der europäischen Arten. Archiv für Naturgeschichte, Abteilung A, 90, 5–215.
- Duda, O. (1925b) Die costaricanischen Drosophiliden des Ungarischen National–Museums zu Budapest. Annales Historico-Naturales Musei Nationalis Hungarici, 22, 149–229.
- Duda, O. (1940) Revision der afrikanischen Drosophiliden (Diptera). II. Annales historico-naturales Musei Nationalis Hungarici (Zoologica), 33, 19–53.
- Dudaniec, R.Y. & Kleindorfer, S. (2006) Effects of the parasitic flies of the genus Philornis (Diptera: Muscidae) on birds. Emu, 106, 13–20. https://doi.org/10.1071/MU04040 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1071/MU04040
- Dudaniec, R.Y., Gardner, M.G., Donnellan, S. & Kleindorfer, S. (2008) Genetic variation in the invasive avian parasite, Philornis downsi (Diptera, Muscidae) on the Galápagos archipelago. BMC Ecology, 8, 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6785-8-13 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6785-8-13
- Dudaniec, R.Y., Gardner, M.G. & Kleindorfer, S. (2009) Offspring genetic structure reveals mating and nest infestation behaviour of an invasive parasitic fly (Philornis downsi) of Galápagos birds. Biological Invasions, 12, 581–592. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10530-009-9464-x DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10530-009-9464-x
- Eastwood, G., Kramer, L.D., Goodman, S.J. & Cunningham, A.A. (2011) West Nile virus vector competency of Culex quinquefasciatus mosquitoes in the Galápagos Islands. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 85 (3), 426–433. https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.2011.10-0739 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.2011.10-0739
- Eastwood, G., Goodman, S.J., Cunningham, A.A. & Kramer, L.D. (2013) Aedes taeniorhynchus vectorial capacity informs a preemptive assessment of West Nile virus establishment in Galapagos. Scientific Reports, 3, 1519. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep01519 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/srep01519
- Eastwood, G., Cunningham, A.A., Kramer, L.D. & Goodman, S.J. (2019) The vector ecology of introduced Culex quinquefasciatus populations, and implications for future risk of West Nile virus emergence in the Galápagos archipelago. Medical and Veterinary Entomology, 33 (1), 44–55. https://doi.org/10.1111/mve.12329 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/mve.12329
- Edmiston, J.F. & Mathis, W.N. (2005) A revision of the New World species of the shore-fly genus Nostima Coquillett (Diptera: Ephydridae). Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, No. 623. [published online] https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00810282.623 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00810282.623
- Edwards, F.W. (1922) A third new British Plastosciara (Diptera, Sciaridae). Entomologist’s Monthly Magazine, 58, 160–161. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.part.10330 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.part.10330
- Edwards, F.W. (1928) Nematocera. Insects of Samoa, 6 (2), 23–102.
- Edwards, F.W. (1933) Mycetophilidae, Culicidae, Chironomidae and additional records of Simuliidae, from the Marquesas Islands. Bernice P. Bishop Museum Bulletin, 114, 85–92.
- Edwards, F.W. (1935) Addenda. Insects of Samoa, 9 (3), 105–112.
- Englund, R.A. (2002) The loss of native biodiversity and continuing nonindigenous species introductions in freshwater, estuarine, and wetland communities of Pearl Harbor, Oahu, Hawaiian Islands. Estuaries, 25 (3), 418–430. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02695984 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02695984
- Evenhuis, N.L. (1990) Distributions of genera of microbombyliids (Bombyliodea: Mythicomyiinae) and their zoogeographical implications. Second International Congress of Dipterology, Abstract Volume, 57.
- Evenhuis, N.L. (2002a) Pieza, a new genus of microbombyliids from the New World (Diptera: Mythicomyiidae). Zootaxa, 36 (1), 1–28. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.36.1.1 DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.36.1.1
- Evenhuis, N.L. (2002b) Catalog of the Mythicomyiidae of the world (Insecta: Diptera). Bishop Museum Bulletin in Entomology, 10, 1–85.
- Evenhuis, N.L. & Greathead, D.J. (1999) World Catalog of Bee Flies (Diptera: Bombyliidae). Backhuys Publishers, Leiden, 753 pp.
- Evenhuis, N.L. & Pape, T. (2022) Systema Dipterorum Update (Version 3.11)—Fall 2022. Fly Times, 69, 25.
- Fabricius, J.C. (1775) Systema entomologiae, sistens insectorum classes, ordines, genera, species, adiectis synonymis, locis, descriptionibus, oberservationibus. In Officina Libraria Kortii, Flensbvrgi et Lipsiae, 832 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.36510 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.36510
- Fabricius, J.C. (1787) Mantissa insectorum sistens species nuper detectas. Vol. 2. s.n., Hafniae [Copenhagen], 382 pp.
- Fabricius, J.C. (1794) Entomologica systematica emendata et aucta. Vol. 4. s.n., Hafniae [Copenhagen], 472 pp.
- Fabricius, J.C. (1798) Supplementum entomologica systematicae. s.n., Hafniae [Copenhagen], 572 pp.
- Fabricius, J.C. (1805) Systema antliatorum secundum ordines, genera, species, adiects synonymis, locis, oberservationibus, descriptionibus. Reichard, Brunsvigae [Brunswick], 372 + 30 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.15806 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.15806
- Fain, A. & Grootaert, P. (1993) A new larval trombidiid of the genus Microtrombidium (Acari, Trombidiidae) parasitic on shore flies (Diptera, Canacidae) in the Galápagos Is. Bulletin et Annales de la Société royale belge d’entomologie, 129, 151–157.
- Fairchild, G.B. (1971) Family Tabanidae. In: Papavero, N. (Ed.), A Catalogue of the Diptera of the Americas South of the United States. Vol. 28. Museu de Zoologia, Universidade de São Paulo, pp. 1–163.
- Fairchild, G.B. (1983) Notes on Neotropical Tabanidae (Diptera) XIX. The Tabanus lineola complex. Miscellaneous Publications of the Entomological Society of America, 57, 1–51.
- Fairchild, G.B. & Burger, J.F. (1994) A catalog of the Tabanidae (Diptera) of the Americas south of the United States. Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute, 55, 1–249.
- Felt, E.P. (1915). New genera and species of gall midges. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 48 (2072), 195–211. https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00963801.48-2072.195 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00963801.48-2072.195
- Ferrington, L.C. & Pehofer, H.E. (1994) Distribution and abundance of Chironomidae in Lake El Junco, Isla San Cristóbal, The Galapagos. Third International Congress of Dipterology, Abstract Volume, pp. 64–65.
- Ferrington, L.C. & Pehofer, H.E. (1996) Instar distribution and biomass of Chironomidae larvae in Lago El Junco, Isla San Cristobal, the Galápagos. Hydrobiologica, 318 (1–2), 123–133. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00014138 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00014138
- Fessl, B. & Tebbich, S. (1998) Larvae of Philornis Meinert (Muscidae) parasitising Galapagos Darwin finches. Fourth International Congress of Dipterology, Abstracts Volume, 55.
- Fessl, B. & Tebbich, S. (2002) Philornis downsi—a recently discovered parasite on the Galápagos archipelago–a threat for Darwin’s finches? Ibis, 144, 445–451. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1474-919X.2002.00076.x DOI: https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1474-919X.2002.00076.x
- Fessl, B., Couri, M.S. & Tebbich, S. (2001) Philornis downsi Dodge & Aitken, new to the Galapagos Islands (Diptera, Muscidae). Studia dipterologica, 8 (1), 317–322.
- Fessl, B., Sinclair, B.J. & Kleindorfer, S. (2006) The life-cycle of Philornis downsi (Diptera: Muscidae) parasitizing Darwin’s finches and its impacts on nestling survival. Parasitology, 133 (6), 739–747. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0031182006001089 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0031182006001089
- Fessl, B., Heimpel, G.E. & Causton, C.E. (2018) Invasion of an Avian Nest Parasite, Philornis downsi, to the Galapagos Islands: Colonization History, Adaptations to Novel Ecosystems, and Conservation Challenges. In: Parker, P.G. (Ed.), Disease Ecology, Social and Ecological Interactions in the Galapagos Islands. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp. 213–266. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-65909-1_9 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-65909-1_9
- Fluke, C.L. (1942) Revision of the Neotropical Syrphini related to Syrphus (Diptera, Syrphidae). American Museum Novitates, 1201, 1–24.
- Fluke, C.L. (1956) Catalogue of the family Syrphidae in the Neotropical Region (Diptera). Revista Brasileira de Entomologia, 6, 193–268.
- Fonseca, D.M., Smith, J.L., Wilkerson, R.C. & Fleischer, R.C. (2006) Pathways of expansion and multiple introductions illustrated by large genetic differentiation among worldwide populations of the southern house mosquito. The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 74 (2), 284–289. https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.2006.74.284 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.2006.74.284
- Foote, R.H. (1964) Notes on the Walker types of New World Tephritidae (Diptera). Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society, 37, 316–326.
- Foote, R.H. (1967) Family Tephritidae. In: Papavero, N. (Ed.), A Catalogue of the Diptera of the Americas south of the United States. Vol. 57. Departamento de Zoologia, São Paulo, pp. 1–91.
- Foote, R.H. (1982) The Tephritidae (Diptera) of the Galapagos Archipelago. Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Washington, 10, 48–55.
- Forrest, J. & Wheeler, T.A. (2002) Asteiidae (Diptera) of the Galápagos Islands, Ecuador. Studia dipterologica, 9 (1), 307–317.
- Foster, G.A. (1976) Family Tethinidae. In: A Catalogue of the Diptera of the Americas South of the United States. Vol. 74. Museu de Zoologia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, pp. 1–4.
- Foster, G.A. & Mathis, W.N. (2000) Notes on Neotropical species of Tethina Haliday (Diptera: Tethinidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 102 (3), 542–548.
- Foster, G.A. & Mathis, W.N. (2008) A review of the Tethininae (Diptera: Canacidae) from the Galápagos Islands. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 110 (3), 743–752. https://doi.org/10.4289/07-078.1 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4289/07-078.1
- Foster, G.A. & Mathis, W.N. (2012) A revision of the Nearctic species of the genus Trixoscelis Rondani (Diptera: Heleomyzidae: Trixoscelidinae). Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, No. 637. [2011] https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00810282.637.1 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00810282.637.1
- Frick, K.E. (1956) Revision of the North American Calycomyza species north of Mexico (Phytobia: Agromyzidae: Diptera). Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 49 (3), 284–300. https://doi.org/10.1093/aesa/49.3.284 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/aesa/49.3.284
- Gaimari, S.D. & Mathis, W.N. (2011) World catalog and conspectus on the family Odiniidae (Diptera: Schizophora). Myia, 12, 291–339.
- Gerecke, R., Peck, S.B. & Pehofer, H.E. (1995) The invertebrate fauna of the inland waters of the Galápagos Archipelago (Ecuador)—a limnological and zoogeographical summary. Archiv für Hydrobiologie, Supplement, 107 (2), 113–147.
- Gill, G.D. (1968) Family Heleomyzidae. In: Papavero, N. (Ed.), A Catalogue of the Diptera of the Americas south of the United States. Vol. 85. Departamento de Zoologia, São Paulo, 85, 1–13.
- Goeldi, E.A. (1905) Os mosquitos no Pará. Memorias do Museu Goeldi (Museu Paraense) de Historia Natural e Ethnographia, Pará, Brazil, 4, 1–154.
- Goot, V.S. van der (1964) Fluke’s catalogue of neotropical Syrphidae (Insecta, Diptera) a critical study with an appendix on new names in Syrphidae. Beaufortia, 10 (127), 212–221.
- Grimshaw, P.H. (1901) Part I. Diptera. Fauna Hawaiiensis, 3 (1), 1–77, pls. 1–3.
- Grootaert, P. & Evenhuis, N.L. (1997) A new species of Thinophilus (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) from the Hawaiian Islands. Records of the Hawaii Biological Survey for 1996 - Part 1: Articles. Bishop Museum Occasional Papers, 48, 74–77.
- Guimarães, J.H. (1971) Family Tachinidae. In: Papavero, N. (Ed.), A Catalogue of the Diptera of the Americas South of the United States. Vol. 104. Museu de Zoologia, Universidade de São Paulo, pp. 1–333.
- Guimarães, L.R. (1968) Family Hippoboscidae. In: Papavero, N. (Ed.), A Catalogue of the Diptera of the Americas South of the United States. Vol. 99. Departamento de Zoologia, São Paulo, pp. 1–17.
- Gupta, J.P. (1970) Description of a new species of Phorticella Zaprionus (Drosophilidae) from India. Proceedings of the Indian National Science Academy, 36, B (1), 62–70.
- Haliday, A.E. (1833) Catalogue of the Diptera occurring about Holywood in Downshire. The Entomological Magazine, 147–180.
- Han, H.-Y. & Ro, K.-E. (2019) DNA barcoding reveals a species group of the genus Campiglossa (Diptera, Tephritidae, Tephritinae) with recognition of a new species from East Asia and previously unknown females of Campiglossa coei (Hardy). ZooKeys, 899, 1–36. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.899.46779 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.899.46779
- Hardy, D.E. (1960) Diptera: Nematocera—Brachycera (except Dolichopodidae). In: Zimmerman, E.C. (Ed.), Insects of Hawaii. Vol. 10. University of Hawaii Press, Honolulu, pp. i–ix + 1–368.
- Hardy, D.E. (1966) Family Phoridae. In: Papavero, N. (Ed.), A Catalogue of the Diptera of the Americas south of the United States. Vol. 45. Departamento de Zoologia, São Paulo, 45, pp. 1–15.
- Harmon, W., Hawbecker, A. & Clark, W.A. (1984–85) Parasite studies in the Galapagos. In: Annual Report of the Charles Darwin Research Station. 1984–85, Galapagos, Ecuador, pp. 35–39.
- Harper, J.D., Escobar, J.S. & Cereceda, G. (1989) Collection of Anastrepha fraterculus on Santa Cruz Island, Galapagos Province, Ecuador. Florida Entomologist, 72 (1), 205–206. https://doi.org/10.2307/3494984 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/3494984
- Hayashi, T. (1991) The genus Coproica Rondani from Pakistan (Diptera, Sphaeroceridae). Japanese Journal of Sanitary Zoology, 42 (3), 235–240. https://doi.org/10.7601/mez.42.235 DOI: https://doi.org/10.7601/mez.42.235
- Hendel, F. (1914a) Die Bohrfliegen Südamerikas. Abhandlungen und Berichte des Königl. Zoologischen und Anthropologisch-Ethnographischen Museums zu Dresden, 14 (3), 1–84. [1912]
- Hendel, F. (1914b) H. Sauter’s Formosa-Ausbeute. Acalyptrate Musciden (Dipt.) III. Supplementa Entomologica, 3, 90–117.
- Hervías-Parejo, S. & Traveset, A. (2018) Pollination effectiveness of opportunistic Galápagos birds compared to that of insects: From fruit set to seedling emergence. American Journal of Botany, 105 (7), 1142–1153. https://doi.org/10.1002/ajb2.1122 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/ajb2.1122
- Hull, F.M. (1949) Some flies of the genus Volucella from the New World. Psyche, 56 (1), 26–40. https://doi.org/10.1155/1949/97184 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1155/1949/97184
- Iide, P. (1971) Estudos sôbre os Stratiomyiidae da coleção do United States National Museum. II: O gênero Pelagomyia Williston, 1896 (Insecta, Diptera). Revista Brasileira de Biologia, 31 (4), 497–506.
- Jackson, M.H. (1993) Galápagos, a natural history. University of Calgary Press, Calgary, Alberta, 316 pp.
- James, M.T. (1947) The flies that cause myiasis in man. US Department of Agriculture, Miscellaneous Publication, No. 631. [published online] https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.65688 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.65688
- James, M.T. (1966a) The blow flies of the Galápagos Islands (Diptera: Calliphoridae). Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences, Series 4, 34, 475–482.
- James, M.T. (1966b) The Stratiomyidae (Diptera) of the Galápagos Islands. Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences, Series 4, 33, 535–542.
- James, M.T. (1967) Bredin-Archbold-Smithsonian biological survey of Dominica. 5. Family Stratiomyidae (Diptera). Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 123 (3622), 1–23. https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00963801.123-3622.1 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00963801.123-3622.1
- James, M.T. (1970) Family Calliphoridae. In: Papavero, N. (Ed.), A Catalogue of the Diptera of the Americas south of the United States. Museu de Zoologia, Universidade de São Paulo, 102, 1–28.
- James, M.T. (1973) Family Stratiomyidae. In: Papavero, N. (Ed.), A Catalogue of the Diptera of the Americas south of the United States. Museu de Zoologia, Universidade de São Paulo, 26, 1–95.
- Jaramillo, P., Trigo, M.M., Ramírez, E. & Mauchamp, A. (2010) Insect pollinators of Jasminocereus thouarsii, an endemic cactus of the Galapagos Islands. Galapagos Research, 67, 21–25.
- Jaschhof, M. (2004) Wood midges (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae: Lestremiinae) from the Galápagos Islands, Ecuador. Faunistische Abhandlungen, 25, 99–106.
- Johannsen, O.A. (1912) The fungus gnats of North America, Part IV. Bulletin of the Maine Agricultural Experiment Station, 200, 57–146. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.86614 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.86614
- Johannsen, O.A. (1946) Some new species of nemocerous Diptera from Guam. In: Insects of Guam - II, Diptera. Bernice P. Bishop Museum Bulletin, 189, 187–193.
- Johnson, C.W. (1924) Diptera of the Williams Galapagos Expedition. Zoologica, 5 (8), 85–92. https://doi.org/10.5962/p.190334 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5962/p.190334
- Kameneva, E.P. & Korneyev, V.A. (2010) Ulidiidae (picture-winged flies). In: Brown, B.V., Borkent, A., Cumming, J.M., Wood, D.M., Woodley, N.E. & Zumbado, M.A. (Eds.), Manual of Central American Diptera. Vol. 2. NRC Research Press, Ottawa, pp. 881–902.
- Kassebeer, C.F. (2000) Zur Gattung Pseudodoros Becker, 1903 (Diptera, Syrphidae). Dipteron, 3 (1), 73–92.
- Kelsey, L.P. (1970) A new Scenopinus from the 1964 Galapagos International Scientific Project (Diptera: Scenopinidae). The Pan-Pacific Entomologist, 46 (2), 96–97.
- Kim, K.C. (1972) The new world genus Parasphaerocera and allied groups, with descriptions of new genera and species (Diptera: Sphaeroceridae). Miscellaneous Publications of the Entomological Society of America, 8 (6), 377–444.
- Kleindorfer, S. & Dudaniec, R.Y. (2016) Host-parasite ecology, behavior and genetics: a review of the introduced fly parasite Philornis downsi and its Darwin’s finch hosts. BMC Zoology, 1 (1), 1–19. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40850-016-0003-9 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40850-016-0003-9
- Kleindorfer, S. & Sulloway, F.J. (2016) Naris deformation in Darwin’s finches: experimental and historical evidence for a post-1960s arrival of the parasite Philornis downsi. Global Ecology and Conservation, 7, 122–131. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gecco.2016.05.006 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gecco.2016.05.006
- Knight, K.L. & Stone, A. (1977) A catalog of the mosquitoes of the world. The Thomas Say Foundation, 6, i–xii + 1–611.
- Kutty, S.N., Meusemann, K., Bayless, K.M., Marinho, M.A.T., Pont, A.C., Zhou, S., Misof, B., Wiegmann, B.M., Yeates, D., Cerretti, P., Meier, R. & Pape, T. (2019) Phylogenomic analysis of Calyptratae: resolving the phylogenetic relationships within a major radiation of Diptera. Cladistics, 35, 605–622. https://doi.org/10.1111/cla.12375 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/cla.12375
- Kuwahara, G.K. & Marshall, S.A. (2020) A revision of the Neotropical genus Chespiritos (Diptera: Sphaeroceridae: Limosininae). European Journal of Entomology, 117, 164–189. https://doi.org/10.14411/eje.2020.019 DOI: https://doi.org/10.14411/eje.2020.019
- Lamas, C.J.E. & Couri, M.S. (1996) Synonymic notes on Lepidanthrax Osten Sacken and redescription of L. tinctus (Thomson) (Diptera, Bombyliidae, Anthracinae). Revista Brasileira de Zoologia, 13 (4), 853–856. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0101-81751996000400007 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/S0101-81751996000400007
- Lamb, C.G. (1914) The Percy Sladen Trust Expedition to the Indian Ocean in 1905, under the leadership of Mr. J. Stanley Gardiner, M.A. Volume V, No. XV.—Diptera: Heteroneuridae, Ortalidae, Trypetidae, Sepsidae, Micropezidae, Drosophilidae, Geomyzidae, Milichidae. Transactions of the Linnean Society of London, Zoology, Series 2, 16, 307–372, pls. 19–21. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.1913.tb00152.x DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.1913.tb00152.x
- Leach, W.E. (1817) On the genera and species of eproboscideous insects. s.n., Edinburgh, 20 pp., pls. 20–27. [also in 1818, Memoirs of the Wernerian Natural History Society, Edinburgh, 2 (2), 547–566]
- Levin, I.I, Outlaw, D.C., Vargas, F.H. & Parker, P.G. (2009) Plasmodium blood parasite found in endangered Galapagos penguins (Spheniscus mendiculus). Biological Conservation, 142, 3191–3195. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2009.06.017 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2009.06.017
- Levin, I.I., Valkiunas, G., Santiago-Alarcon, D., Cruz, L.L., Iezhova, T.A., O’Brien, S.L., Hailer, F., Dearborn, D., Schreiber, E.A., Fleischer, R.C., Ricklefs, R.E. & Parker, P.G. (2011) Hippoboscid-transmitted Haemoproteus parasites (Haemosporida) infect Galapagos Pelecaniform birds: evidence from molecular and morphological studies, with a description of Haemoproteus iwa. International Journal for Parasitology, 41 (10), 1019–1027. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpara.2011.03.014 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpara.2011.03.014
- Lima, A. da Costa (1950) Duas espécias de Gitona predadoras de Coccideos do gênero Orthezia (Diptera: Drosophilidae). Arthropoda, 1, 247–253.
- Linde, K. van der, Steck, G.J., Hibbard, K., Birdsley, J.S., Alonso, L.M. & Houle, D. (2006) First records of Zaprionus indianus (Diptera; Drosophilidae), a pest species on commercial fruits from Panama and the United States of America. Florida Entomologist, 89, 402–404. https://doi.org/10.1653/0015-4040(2006)89[402:FROZID]2.0.CO;2
- Linnaeus, C. (1758) Systema naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Tomus 1. Editio decima, reformata. L. Salvii, Homiae [Stockholm], 824 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.542 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.542
- Linnaeus, C. (1761) Fauna svecica sistens animalia sveciae regni: mammalia, aves, amphibia, pisces, insectas, vermes. Distributa per classes & ordines, genera & species, cum differentiis specierum, synonymis auctorum, nominibus incolarum, locis natalium, descriptionibus insectorum. Editio altera, auctior. L. Salvii, Stockholmiae [Stockholm], 578 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.46380 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.46380
- Linnaeus, C. (1762) Zweyter Theil, enthält Beschreibungen verschiedener wichtiger Naturalien. In: Hasselquist, F., Reise nach Palästina in den Jahren von 1749 bis 1752. J.C. Koppe, Rostock, pp. 267–606.
- Linsley, E.G. (1977) Insects of the Galápagos (Supplement). Occasional Papers of the California Academy of Sciences, 125, 1–55.
- Linsley, E.G. & Usinger, R.L. (1966) Insects of the Galápagos Islands. Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences, Series 4, 33 (7), 113–196.
- Loew, H. (1851) Beschreibung einiger neuen Tipularia terricola. Linnaea Entomologica, 5, 385–406.
- Loew, H. (1861) Diptera aliquot in insula Cuba collecta. Wiener Entomologische Monatschrift, 5, 33–43.
- Loew, H. (1863) Diptera Americae septentrionalis indigena. Centuria tertia. Berliner Entomologische Zeitschrift, 7, 1–55. https://doi.org/10.1002/mmnd.18630070104 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/mmnd.18630070104
- Loew, H. (1866a) Diptera Americae septentrionalis indigena. Centuria sexta. Berliner Entomologische Zeitschrift, 9, 127–186. [1865] https://doi.org/10.1002/mmnd.18650090303 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/mmnd.18650090303
- Loew, H. (1866b) Diptera Americae septentrionalis indigena. Centuria septima. Berliner Entomologische Zeitschrift, 10, 1–54. [1865] https://doi.org/10.1002/mmnd.18660100103 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/mmnd.18660100103
- Loew, H. (1868) Die amerikanischen Ulidina. Berliner Entomologische Zeitschrift, 11, 283–326. [1867] https://doi.org/10.1002/mmnd.18670110308 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/mmnd.18670110308
- Loew, H. (1869) Diptera Americae septentrionalis indigena. Centuria octava. Berliner Entomologische Zeitschrift, 13, 1–52.
- Loew, H. (1878) Neue nordamerikanische Ephydrinen. Zeitschrift für die Gesammten Naturwissenschaften, 51, 192–203.
- Lopes, N.S. (1969) Family Sarcophagidae. In: Papavero, N. (Ed.), A Catalogue of the Diptera of the Americas south of the United States. Vol. 103. Departamento de Zoologia, São Paulo, 103, pp. 1–88.
- Lopes, H.S. (1974) On female holotypes of some American species described by Francis Walker and J. Macqaurt (Diptera, Sarcophagidae, Calliphoridae). Revista Brasileira de Biologia, 34 (4), 535–550.
- Lopes, H.S. (1978) Sarcophagidae (Diptera) of Galapagos Islands. Revista Brasileira de Biologia, 38, 595–611.
- Lopes, H.S. (1979) Redescription of the holotypes of some Neotropical Sarcophagidae (Diptera) described by C.H.T. Townsend. The Canadian Entomologist, 111, 149–160. https://doi.org/10.4039/Ent111149-2 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4039/Ent111149-2
- Lopes, H.S. & Tibana, R. (1987) On Oxysarcodexia (Diptera, Sarcophagidae), with descriptions of five new species, key, list and geographic distribution of the species. Revista Brasileira de Biologia, 47 (3), 329–347.
- Ludlow, C.S. (1905) Mosquito notes - No. 4. The Canadian Entomologist, 37, 385–388. https://doi.org/10.4039/Ent37385-11 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4039/Ent37385-11
- Lutz, A. (1913) Contribuição para o estudo das Ceratopogoninas hematofagas do Brazil. Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, 5, 45–73. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0074-02761913000100005 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/S0074-02761913000100005
- Maa, T.C. (1963) Genera and species of Hippoboscidae (Diptera): types, synonymy, habitats and natural groupings. Pacific Insects Monographs, 6, 1–186. https://doi.org/10.1093/jmedent/1.1.4 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/jmedent/1.1.4
- Maa, T.C. (1969) A revised checklist and concise host index of Hippoboscidae (Diptera). Pacific Insects Monographs, 20, 261–299. https://doi.org/10.1093/jmedent/6.2.146 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/jmedent/6.2.146
- Macquart, J. (1851) Diptères exotique nouveaux ou peu connus. Suite du 4e supplément. Mémoires de la Société Nationale des Sciences, de l’Agriculture et des Arts, Lille, 1850, 134–294, pls. 15–28.
- Malloch, J.R. (1912a) One new genus and eight new species of dipterous insects in the United States National Museum collection. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 43 (1945), 649–658, pl. 46. https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00963801.43-1945.649 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00963801.43-1945.649
- Malloch, J.R. (1912b) New Diptera from Panama. Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections, 59 (17), 1–8.
- Malloch, J.R. (1913a) The genus Parodinia Coquillett (Geomyzidae, Dipt.). Entomological News, 24, 274–276.
- Malloch, J.R. (1913b) Descriptions of new species of American flies of the family Borboridae. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 44 (1958), 361–372. https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00963801.44-1958.361 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00963801.44-1958.361
- Malloch, J.R. (1913c) A revision of the species in Agromyza Fallen, and Cerodontha Rondani. (Diptera). Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 6 (3), 269–336, 4 pls. https://doi.org/10.1093/aesa/6.3.269 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/aesa/6.3.269
- Malloch, J.R. (1914) Costa Rican Diptera collected by Philip P. Calvert, Ph.D., 1909-1910. Paper 1. A partial report on the Borboridae, Phoridae and Agromyzidae. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 40 (1), 8–36, pl. I.
- Malloch, J.R. (1925) A synopsis of New World flies of the genus Sphaerocera (Diptera: Borboridae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 27, 117–123.
- Malloch, J.R. (1927) Notes on Australian Diptera. No. X. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales, 52, 1–16.
- Malloch, J.R. (1934) Acalyptrata (concluded). Diptera of Patagonia and South Chile, 6 (5), 393–489, pl. VIII.
- Marín-Armijos, D., Quezada-Ríos, N., Soto-Armijos, C. & Mengual, X. (2017) Checklist of the flower flies of Ecuador (Diptera, Syrphidae). ZooKeys, 691, 163–199. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.691.13328 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.691.13328
- Marshall, S.A. (1985a) A revision of the of the New World species of Minilimosina Roháček (Diptera: Sphaeroceridae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Ontario, 116, 1–60.
- Marshall, S.A. (1985b) A revision of the genus Spelobia Spuler (Diptera: Sphaeroceridae) in North America and Mexico. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 111 (1), 1–101.
- Marshall, S.A. (1986) A revision of the Nearctic species of the genus Pullimosina (Diptera, Sphaeroceridae). Canadian Journal of Zoology, 64, 522–536. https://doi.org/10.1139/z86-077 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1139/z86-077
- Marshall, S.A. (1987) Systematics of Bitheca, a new genus of New World Sphaeroceridae (Diptera). Systematic Entomology, 12, 355–380. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3113.1987.tb00207.x DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3113.1987.tb00207.x
- Marshall, S.A. (1997a) Sphaeroceridae of the Juan Fernandez Islands, Chile. Studia dipterologica, 4 (1), 165–171.
- Marshall, S.A. (1997b) A revision of the Sclerocoelus galapagensis group (Diptera: Sphaeroceridae: Limosininae). Insecta Mundi, 11 (2), 97–115.
- Marshall, S.A., Buck, M. & Lonsdale, O. (2007) Lepidosina, a new genus of New World Limosininae (Diptera: Sphaeroceridae). European Journal of Entomology, 104 (3), 573–599. https://doi.org/10.14411/eje.2007.074 DOI: https://doi.org/10.14411/eje.2007.074
- Marshall, S.A., Roháček, J., Dong, H. & Buck, M. (2011) The state of Sphaeroceridae (Diptera: Acalyptratae): a world catalog update covering the years 2000-2010, with new generic synonymy, new combinations, and new distributions. Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae, 51 (1), 217–298.
- Masunaga, K. & Evenhuis, N.L. (2012) Two new species of the genus Cymatopus Kertész from the Mariana Islands (Diptera: Dolichopodidae). Zootaxa, 3159 (1), 36–46. [published online] https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3159.1.2 DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3159.1.2
- Mathis, W.N. (1982) Studies of Canacidae (Diptera), I: Suprageneric revision of the family, with revisions of new tribe Dynomiellini and new genus Isocanace. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, No. 347. [published online] https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00810282.347 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00810282.347
- Mathis, W.N. (1986) Studies of Psilopinae (Diptera: Ephydridae), I: A revision of the shore–fly genus Placopsidella Kertész. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, No. 430. [published online] https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00810282.430 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00810282.430
- Mathis, W.N. (1991) Studies of Gymnomyzinae (Diptera: Ephydridae), II: A revision of the shore-fly subgenus Pseudohecamede Hendel of the genus Allotrichoma Becker. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, No. 522. [published online] https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00810282.522 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00810282.522
- Mathis, W.N. (1992) World catalog of the beach-fly family Canacidae (Diptera). Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, No. 536. [published online] https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00810282.536 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00810282.536
- Mathis, W.N. (1993a) A revision of the shore-fly genera Hostis Cresson and Paratissa Coquillett (Diptera: Ephydridae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 95, 21–47.
- Mathis, W.N. (1993b) Studies of Gymnomyzinae (Diptera: Ephydridae), IV: A revision of the shore–fly genus Hecamede Haliday. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, No. 541. [published online] https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00810282.541 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00810282.541
- Mathis, W.N. (1994) A revision of the shore-fly genus Clasiopella Hendel (Diptera: Ephydridae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 96, 454–465.
- Mathis, W.N. (1995a) Studies of Gymnomyzinae (Diptera: Ephydridae), VI: A revision of the genus Glenanthe Haliday from the New World. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, No. 567. [published online] https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00810282.567 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00810282.567
- Mathis, W.N. (1995b) Shore flies of the Galápagos Islands (Diptera: Ephydridae). Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 88 (5), 627–640. https://doi.org/10.1093/aesa/88.5.627 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/aesa/88.5.627
- Mathis, W.N. (1997) Shore flies of the Belizean Cays (Diptera: Ephydridae). Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, No. 592. [published online] https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00810282.592 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00810282.592
- Mathis, W.N. (2008) Two new neotropical genera of the shore-fly tribe Ephydrini Zetterstedt (Diptera: Ephydridae). Zootaxa, 1874 (1), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1874.1.1 DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1874.1.1
- Mathis, W.N. & Marinoni, L. (2016) Revision of Ephydrini Zetterstedt (Diptera: Ephydridae) from the Americas south of the United States. Zootaxa, 4116 (1), 1–110. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4116.1. DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4116.1.
- Mathis, W.N. & Munari, L. (1996) World catalog of the family Tethinidae (Diptera). Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, No. 584. [published online] https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00810282.584 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00810282.584
- Mathis, W.N. & Trautwein, M.D. (2003) A revision and phylogenetic study of Lipochaeta Coquillett (Diptera: Ephydridae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 105 (1), 30–49.
- Mathis, W.N. & Wirth, W.W. (1978) A new genus near Canaceoides Cresson, three new species and notes on their classification (Diptera: Canacidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 80 (4), 524–537.
- Mathis, W.N. & Zatwarnicki, T. (1995) World catalog of shore flies (Diptera: Ephydridae). Memoirs on Entomology, International, 4, 1–423.
- Mathis, W.N. & Zatwarnicki, T. (2002) A phylogenetic study of the tribe Dryxini Zatwarnicki (Diptera: Ephydridae). Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, No. 617. https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00810282.617 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00810282.617
- McAlpine, J.F. (1977) A revised classification of the Piophilidae, including `Neottiophilidae’ and `Thyreophoridae’ (Diptera: Schizophora). Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada, 103, 1–66. https://doi.org/10.4039/entm109103fv DOI: https://doi.org/10.4039/entm109103fv
- McAlpine, J.F. & Steyskal, G.C. (1982) A revision of Neosilba McAlpine with a key to the world genera of Lonchaeidae (Diptera). The Canadian Entomologist, 114, 105–137. https://doi.org/10.4039/Ent114105-2 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4039/Ent114105-2
- McAlpine, J.F., Peterson, B.V., Shewell, G.E., Teskey, H.J., Vockeroth, J.R. & Wood, D.M. (Coords.) (1981) Manual of Nearctic Diptera. Vol. 1. Agriculture Canada Monograph, 27, i–vi + 1–674.
- McAlpine, J.F., Peterson, B.V., Shewell, G.E., Teskey, H.J., Vockeroth, J.R. & Wood, D.M. (Coords.) (1987) Manual of Nearctic Diptera. Vol. 2. Agriculture Canada Monograph, 28, i–vi + 675–1332.
- McMullen, C.K. (1986) Observations on insect visitors to flowering plants of Isla Santa Cruz. Part II. Butterflies, moths, ants, hover flies and stilt bugs. Noticias de Galápagos, 43, 21–23.
- McMullen, C.K. (1993) Flower–visiting insets of the Galapagos Islands. Pan-Pacific Entomologist, 69 (1), 95–106.
- McMullen, C.K. & Naranjo, S.J. (1994) Pollination of Scalesia baurii spp. hopkinsii (Asteraceae) on Pinta Island. Nocticias de Galápagos, 53, 25–28.
- McNew, S.M. & Clayton, D.H. (2018) Alien invasion: biology of Philornis flies highlighting Philornis downsi, an introduced parasite of Galápagos birds. Annual Review of Entomology, 63, 369–387. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-ento-020117-043103 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-ento-020117-043103
- Meigen, J.W. (1830) Systematische Beschreibung der bekannten europäischen zweiflügeligen Insekten. Sechster Theil. Schulz, Hamm, iv + 401 + [3] pp., pls. 55–66.
- Melander, A.L. (1913) A synopsis of the Dipterous groups Agromyzinae, Milichiinae, Ochthiphilinae and Geomyzinae. Journal of the New York Entomological Society, 21 (3 & 4), 283–300, 1 pl.
- Melander, A.L. (1952) The American species of Trixoscelidae. Journal of the New York Entomological Society, 60, 37–52.
- Melander, A.L. & Brues, C.T. (1903) Guests and parasites of the burrowing bee Halictus. Biological Bulletin, 5 (1), 1–27. https://doi.org/10.2307/1535824 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/1535824
- Melander, A.L. & Spuler, A. (1917) The dipterous families Sepsidae and Piophilidae. Bulletin of the State College of Washington Agricultural Experiment Station, 143, 1–103.
- Menzel, F., Smith, J.E. & Colauto, N.B. (2003) Bradysia difformis Frey and Bradysia ocellaris (Comstock): two additional Neotropical species of black fungus gnats (Diptera: Sciaridae) of economic importance: a redescription and review. Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 96 (4), 448–457. https://doi.org/10.1603/0013-8746(2003)096[0448:BDFABO]2.0.CO;2 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1603/0013-8746(2003)096[0448:BDFABO]2.0.CO;2
- Meuffels, H.J.G. & Grootaert, P. (1984) Dolichopodidae (Diptera) from Papua New Guinea I: The genus Cymatopus Kertész with a discussion on Abatetia Miller and Cemocarus gen.nov. Indo-Malayan Zoology, 1, 141–158, figs 1-3.
- Miranda-Ribeiro, A. de (1903) Basilia ferruginea gênero novo e espécie nova da família das Nycteribias. Archivos do Museu Nacional do Rio de Janeiro, 12, 175–179, pl 1.
- Mlynarek, J.J. & Wheeler, T.A. (2018) Phylogeny and revised classification of the tribe Elachipterini (Diptera: Chloropidae). Zootaxa, 4471 (1), 1–36. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4471.1.1 DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4471.1.1
- Mohrig, W. (2003) Black fungus gnats of Central America. Part I. (Diptera, Sciaridae). Beiträge zur Entomologie, 53, 1–69. https://doi.org/10.21248/contrib.entomol.53.1.1-69 DOI: https://doi.org/10.21248/contrib.entomol.53.1.1-69
- Mohrig, W. & Kauschke, E. (2019) New black fungus gnats (Diptera, Sciaridae) of North America. Part V. Genera Pseudolycoriella Menzel & Mohrig and Phytosciara Frey. Zootaxa, 4543 (2), 261–283. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4543.2.5 DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4543.2.5
- Mohrig, W., Heller, K., Hippa, H., Vilkamaa, P. & Menzel, F. (2013) Revision of the black fungus gnats (Diptera: Sciaridae) of North America. Studia dipterologica, 19 (2012), 141–286.
- Mohrig, W., Kauschke, E. & Broadley, A. (2019) Revision of black fungus gnat species (Diptera, Sciaridae) described from the Hawaiian Islands by D.E. Hardy and W.A. Steffan, and a contribution to the knowledge of the sciarid fauna of the Galápagos Islands. Zootaxa, 4590 (4), 401–439. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4590.4.1 DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4590.4.1
- Montoya, A.L. & Wolff, M. (2023) Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Argentinomyia Lynch-Arribálzaga, 1891 (Diptera: Syrphidae), with description of 16 new species. Zootaxa, 5234 (1), 1–157. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5234.1.1 DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5234.1.1
- Moreno, E.A., Amat, E., Meneses, P.E., Donoso, D.A. & Barragán, Á.R. (2020) Green bottle flies (Calliphoridae, Luciliinae) of Ecuador: geographic distribution, checklist and DNA barcodes. Neotropical Biodiversity, 6 (1), 117–126. https://doi.org/10.1080/23766808.2020.1804747 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/23766808.2020.1804747
- Munari, L. & Mathis, W.N. (2010) World catalog of the family Canacidae (including Tethinidae) (Diptera), with keys to the supraspecific taxa. Zootaxa, 2471 (1), 1–84. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2471.1.1 DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2471.1.1
- Norrbom, A.L., Carroll, L.E., Thompson, F.C., White, I.M. & Freidberg, A. (1999) Systematic information database of fruit flies. In: Thompson, F.C. (Ed.), Fruit Fly Expert Identification System and Systematic Information Database. Myia, 9, 65–251 & Diptera Data Dissemination Disk (CD-ROM) (1998) 1.
- Norrbom, A.L., Sutton, B.D., Steck, G.J. & Monzón, J. (2010) New genera, species and host plant records of Nearctic and Neotropical Tephritidae (Diptera). Zootaxa, 2398 (1), 1–65. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2398.1.1 DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2398.1.1
- O’Hara, J.E., Henderson, S.J. & Wood, D.M. (2020) Preliminary checklist of the Tachinidae (Diptera) of the world. Version 2.1. PDF document, 1039 pp. Available from: http://www.nadsdiptera.org/Tach/WorldTachs/Checklist/Tachchlist_ver2.1.pdf (accessed 23 May 2022)
- Oosterbroek, P. (2023) Catalogue of the Craneflies of the World. (Diptera, Tipuloidea: Pediciidae, Limoniidae, Cylindrotomidae, Tipulidae). Available from: https://ccw.naturalis.nl/ (accessed 27 February 2023)
- Paiero, S.M. & Marshall, S.A. (2020) A revision of the genus Rudolfina Roháček (Sphaeroceridae: Limosininae). European Journal of Taxonomy, 593, 1–48. https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2020.593 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2020.593
- Painter, R.H. & Painter, E.M. (1974) Notes on, and redescriptions of, types of South American Bombyliidae (Diptera) in European and United States Museums. Research Publication of the Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station, 168, 1–322.
- Painter, R.H., Painter, E.M. & Hall, J. (1978) Family Bombyliidae. In: Papavero, N. (Ed.), A Catalogue of the Diptera of the Americas, south of the United States. Museu de Zoologia, Universidade de São Paulo, 38, 1–92.
- Pape, T. (1994) The world Blaesoxipha Loew, 1861 (Diptera: Sarcophagidae). Entomologica scandinavica Supplement, 45, 1–247.
- Pape, T. (1996) Catalogue of the Sarcophagidae of the world (Insecta: Diptera). Memoirs on Entomology, International, 8, 1–558.
- Pape, T. (2008) Nominal species of Australasian/Oceanian Sarcophagidae proposed by P.J.M. Macquart (Insecta: Diptera). Zootaxa, 1702 (1), 41–51. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1702.1.3 DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1702.1.3
- Pape, T., Blagoderov, V. & Mostovski, M.B. (2011) Order Diptera Linnaeus, 1758. In: Zhang, Z.-Q. (Ed.), Animal biodiversity: An outline of higher-level classification and survey of taxonomic richness. Zootaxa, 3148 (1), 222–229. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3148.1.42 DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3148.1.39
- Parent, O. (1934) Dipteres Dolichopodides exotiques. Mémoires de la Société Nationale des Sciences Naturelles et Mathematiques de Cherbourg, 41, 257–312.
- Parkin, P., Parkin, D.T., Ewing, A.W. & Ford, H.A. (1972) A report on the arthropods collected by the Edinburgh University Galapagos Islands Expedition, 1968. The Pan-Pacific Entomologist, 48 (2), 100–107.
- Parshad, R. & Paika, I.J. (1965) Drosophilid survey of India II. Taxonomy and cytology of the subgenus Sophophora (Drosophila). Research Bulletin of the Panjab Univerisity, Science, New Series, 15 (1964), 225–252.
- Peck, S.B. (1994a) Aerial dispersal of insects between and to islands in the Galápagos Archipelago, Ecuador. Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 87 (2), 218–224. https://doi.org/10.1093/aesa/87.2.218 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/aesa/87.2.218
- Peck, S.B. (1994b) Sea-surface (pleuston) transport of insects between islands in the Galápagos Archipelago, Ecuador. Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 87 (5), 576–582. https://doi.org/10.1093/aesa/87.5.576 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/aesa/87.5.576
- Peck, S.B. (1996) Origin and development of an insect fauna on a remote archipelago: The Galápagos Islands, Ecuador. In: Keast, A. & Miller, S.E. (Eds.), The origin and evolution of Pacific Island biotas, New Guinea to Eastern Polynesia: patterns and processes. Academic Publishing, Amsterdam, pp. 91–122.
- Peck, S.B. (2001) Smaller Orders of Insects of the Galápagos Islands, Ecuador: Evolution, Ecology, and Diversity. NRC Press, Ottawa, 278 pp.
- Peck, S.B. (2006) The Beetles of the Galápagos Islands, Ecuador: Evolution, Ecology, and Diversity (Insecta: Coleoptera). NRC Press, Ottawa, 313 pp.
- Peck, S.B. & Kukalová-Peck, J. (1990) Origin and biogeography of the beetles (Coleoptera) of the Galápagos Archipelago, Ecuador. Canadian Journal of Zoology, 68, 1617–1638. https://doi.org/10.1139/z90-242 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1139/z90-242
- Peck, S.B., Heraty, J., Landry, B. & Sinclair, B.J. (1998) Introduced insect fauna of an oceanic archipelago: the Galápagos Islands, Ecuador. American Entomologist, 44 (4), 218–237. https://doi.org/10.1093/ae/44.4.218 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/ae/44.4.218
- Pérez-Staples, D., Díaz-Fleischer, F. & Montoya, P. (2021) The sterile insect technique: success and perspectives in the neotropics. Neotropical Entomology, 50, 172–185. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13744-020-00817-3 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13744-020-00817-3
- Peris, S.V. (1985) Some additional data on the distribution of Chrysomya species in South America (Diptera). Eos, 61, 239–240.
- Perty, M. (1833) Delectus animalium articulatorum quae in itinere per Brasiliam annis MDCCCXVII–MDCCCXX jussu et auspiciis Maximiliani Josephi I. Bavariae regis augustissimi peracto collegerunt Dr. J.B. de Spix et Dr. C.F. Ph. de Martius. Impensis Editoris, Monachii (= Munich), pp. 125–224. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.102991 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.102991
- Philip, C.B. (1965) The identity and relationships of Tabanus (Neotabanus) vittiger, with notes on two cases of teratology in Tabanidae (Diptera). Annals of the Entomology Society of America, 58 (6), 876–880. https://doi.org/10.1093/aesa/58.6.876 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/aesa/58.6.876
- Philip, C.B. (1976) Horse-flies, too, take some victims in cold blood, as on Galapagos Isles. The Pan-Pacific Entomologist, 52 (1), 84–88.
- Philip, C.B. (1983) A unique, divergent developmental dependence of a Galapagos horsefly (Diptera, Tabanidae). The Wasmann Journal of Biology, 41, 47–49.
- Pitkin, B.R. (1989) A review of the Sphaeroceridae (Diptera) described by O.W. Richards. Occasional Paper on Systematic Entomology, No. 6, 1–44.
- Pont, A.C. (1972) Family Muscidae. In: Papavero, N. (Ed.), A Catalogue of the Diptera of the Americas, south of the United States. Vol. 97. Museu de Zoologia, Universidade de São Paulo, 97, 1–111.
- Pont, A.C. (1977) A revision of Australian Fanniidae (Diptera: Calyptrata). Australian Journal of Zoology, Supplementary Series, 51, 1–60. https://doi.org/10.1071/AJZS051 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1071/AJZS051
- Pont, A.C. (1986) Studies on Australian Muscidae (Diptera). VII. The genus Atherigona Rondani. Australian Journal of Zoology, Supplementary Series, 120, 1–90. https://doi.org/10.1071/AJZS120 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1071/AJZS120
- Pont, A.C., Lole, M.J., LeBlanc, H.N. & Cole, J.H. (2007) The American black dump fly Hydrotaea aenescens (Wiedemann, 1830) (Diptera, Muscidae) in Britain and Ireland. Dipterists Digest, 14, 23–29.
- Poppe, J.L., Valente, V.L.S. & Gottschalk, M.S. (2018) Redescription of sibling species of Rhinoleucophenga (Diptera: Drosophilidae): R. brasiliensis and R. fluminensis. Neotropical Entomology, 48 (1), 111–120. [2019] https://doi.org/10.1007/s13744-018-0617-4 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13744-018-0617-4
- Prado, A.P. do (1975) Family Odiniidae. In: Papavero, N. (Ed.), A Catalogue of the Diptera of the Americas, south of the United States. Vol. 82. Museu de Zoologia, Universidade de São Paulo, pp. 1–4.
- Quate, L.W. (1954) A revision of the Psychodidae of the Hawaiian Islands (Diptera). Proceedings of the Hawaiian Entomological Society, 15, 335–356.
- Quate, L.W. (1959) Synopsis of Polynesian Psychodidae. Pacific Insects, 1 (4), 431–440.
- Ramos-Pastrana, Y. & Rafael, J.A. (2021) Tomosvaryella Aczél (Diptera: Pipunculidae) of Colombia, with description of two new species. Zootaxa, 4985 (1), 37–68. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4985.1.2 DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4985.1.2
- Richards, O.W. (1967a) Family Sphaeroceridae. In: Papavero, N. (Ed.), A Catalogue of the Diptera of the Americas south of the United States. Departamento de Zoologia, São Paulo, 72, 1–28.
- Richards, O.W. (1967b) On a collection of Sphaeroceridae (Diptera) from the Galapagos Islands. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 13, 9, 531–539.
- Robinson, H. (1970) Family Dolichopodidae. In: Papavero, N. (Ed.), A Catalogue of the Diptera of the Americas, south of the United States. Vol. 40. Museu de Zoologia, Universidade de São Paulo, pp. 1–92.
- Röder, V. von (1889) Psilopa (Ephygrobia) Girschneri n. sp. Entomologische Nachrichten, 15 (4), 54–56.
- Rodrigues Júnior, F. de A., Mathis, W.N. & Couri, M.S. (2014) Hydrellia Robineau-Desvoidy (Diptera: Ephydridae) from Brazil with an emphasis on the faunas from the states of Parana and Rio de Janeiro. Zootaxa, 3753 (6), 501–541. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3753.6.1 DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3753.6.1
- Rogers, E. (1983) The Neotropical species of Drapetis Meigen (Diptera: Empididae). Systematic Entomology, 8 (4), 431–452. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3113.1983.tb00494.x DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3113.1983.tb00494.x
- Roháček, J. & Marshall, S.A. (1986) The genus Trachyopella Duda (Diptera, Sphaeroceridae) of the Holarctic Region. Monografie III (1985). Museo Regionale di Scienze Naturali, Torino, 109 pp.
- Roháček, J., Marshall, S.A., Norrbom, A.L., Buck, M., Quiros, D.I. & Smith, I. (2001) World Catalog of Sphaeroceridae (Diptera). Slezské Zemské Muzeum, Opava, 414 pp.
- Romine, M.G., Knutie, S.A., Crow, C.M., Vaziri, G.J., Chaves, J.A., Koop, J.A.H. & Lamichhaney, S. (2022) The genome sequence of the avian vampire fly (Philornis downsi), an invasive nest parasite of Darwin’s finches in the Galápagos. G3 Genes|Genomes|Genetics, 12 (2), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1093/g3journal/jkab414 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/g3journal/jkab414
- Rondani, C. (1880) Species Italiae ordinis Dipterorum (Muscaria Rond.) collectae et observatae. Stirps XXV. Copromyzinae Zett. Bullettino della Società Entomologica Italiana, 12, 3–45.
- Roque-Albelo, L. & Causton, C. (1999) El Niño and introduced insects in the Galápagos Islands: different dispersal strategies, similar effects. Noticias de Galápagos, 60, 30–36.
- Runyon, J.B. & Capellari, R.S. (2018) Palpi aplenty: new species in the Chrysotus longipalpus species group (Diptera: Dolichopodidae). Zootaxa, 4399 (4), 579–585. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4399.4.8 DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4399.4.8
- Sabrosky, C.W. (1959) Flies of the genus Odinia in the Western Hemisphere (Diptera: Odiniidae). Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 109 (3414), 223–236. https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00963801.109-3414.223 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00963801.109-3414.223
- Sabrosky, C.W. (1983) A synopsis of the world species of Desmometopa Loew (Diptera, Milichiidae). Contributions of the American Entomological Institute, 19 (8), 1–69.
- Sabrosky, C.W. & Paganelli, C.H. (1984) Family Chloropidae. In: A Catalogue of the Diptera of the Americas South of the United States. Museu de Zoologia, Universidade de São Paulo, 81, 1–63.
- Sasakawa, M. (2007) The Neotropical Agromyzidae (Insecta: Diptera) Part 7. Leafminers from the Galápagos Islands. Species Diversity, 12, 193–198. https://doi.org/10.12782/specdiv.12.193 DOI: https://doi.org/10.12782/specdiv.12.193
- Say, T. (1823) Descriptions of dipterous insects of the United States. Journal of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 3, 9–54, 73–104.
- Say, T. (1824) Appendix. Part I.-Natural History. 1. Zoology. E. Class Insecta. In: Keating, W.H., Major Long’s second expedition [q.v.]. Vol. 2. s.n., Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, pp. 268–378.
- Scarbrough, A.G. (1984) Four species of Ommatius Wiedemann (Diptera: Asilidae) from Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 86 (3), 619–629.
- Scarbrough, A.G. (2002) Synopsis of the Neotropical holosericeus complex of the genus Ommatius Wiedemann (Diptera: Asilidae): ampliatus and holosericeus species groups. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 128 (2+3), 133–222.
- Shannon, R.C. (1926) Synopsis of the American Calliphoridae (Diptera). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 28 (6), 115–139.
- Schiner, J.R. (1868) Diptera. In: Reise der österreichischen Fregatte Novara um die Erde in den Jahren 1857, 1858, 1859 unter den Befehlen des Commodore B. von Wüllerstorf-Urbair. Zoologischer Theil. Zweiter Band. 1. Abtheilung. B.K. Gerold’s Dohn, Wien, vi + 388 pp.
- Sinclair, B. (1993) Diptera of the Galápagos Archipelago (Ecuador). Fly Times, 11, 4–6.
- Sinclair, B.J. (2009) Dipteran biodiversity of the Galápagos. In: Pape, T., Bickel, D. & Meier, R. (Eds.), Diptera Diversity: Status, Challenges and Tools. Brill, Leiden, pp. 98–120. https://doi.org/10.1163/ej.9789004148970.I-459.21 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1163/ej.9789004148970.I-459.21
- Sinclair, B.J. & Cumming, J.M. (2013) Hybotidae of the Galápagos Islands (Diptera: Empidoidea: Tachydromiinae). Tijdschrift voor Entomologie, 156, 127–139. https://doi.org/10.1163/22119434-00002026 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1163/22119434-00002026
- Sinclair, B.J., Thompson, F.C. & Wyatt, N. (2016) The flower flies of the Galápagos Islands (Diptera: Syrphidae). Entomologist’s monthly Magazine, 152 (2), 79–96.
- Smith, F. (1877) VIII. Hymenoptera and Diptera. In: Günther, A. Account of the zoological collection made during the visit of H.M.S. ‘Peterel’ to the Galapagos Islands. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1877, 82–84.
- Smith, K.G.V. (1967) Family Empididae (Empidae, Hybotidae). In: Papavero, N. (Ed.), A Catalogue of the Diptera of the Americas, south of the United States. Vol. 39. Departamento de Zoologia, São Paulo, pp. 1–67.
- Smith, K.G.V. (1987) Darwin’s Insects. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), 14 (1), 1–143. https://doi.org/10.5962/p.314519 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5962/p.314519
- Souza, C.M., Pape, T. & Thyssen, P.J. (2020) Oxysarcodexia Townsend, 1917 (Diptera: Sarcophagidae)—a centennial conspectus. Zootaxa, 4841 (1), 1–126. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4841.1.1 DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4841.1.1
- Spencer, K.A. (1973) Agromyzidae (Diptera) of economic importance. Dr. W. Junk B.V., Publishers, The Hague, 418 pp. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-0683-4 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-0683-4
- Spencer, K.A. & Steyskal, G.C. (1986) Manual of the Agromyzidae (Diptera) of the United States. United States Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Handbook, No. 638, 1–478. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.119606 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.119606
- Steffan, W.A. (1971) North American Sciaridae, II. A new species of Eugnoriste from Texas (Diptera). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 73 (1), 54–57.
- Steffan, W.A. (1973) Notes on Hawaiian Sciaridae (Diptera) and descriptions of two new species. Pacific Insects, 15 (3–4), 353–361.
- Stein, P. (1898) Nordamerikanische Anthomyiden. Beitrag zur Dipterenfauna der Vereinigten Staaten. Berliner Entomologische Zeitschrift, 42 (1897), 161–288. https://doi.org/10.1002/mmnd.18970420306 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/mmnd.18970420306
- Stenhammar, Ch. (1854) Skandinaviens Copromyzinae granskade och beskrifne. Kongliga Vetenskapsakademiens Handlingar, Series 3, 1853, 257–442.
- Steyskal, G.C. (1966) Otitidae from the Galapagos Islands (Diptera, Acalyptratae). Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences, Series 4, 34, 483–498.
- Steyskal, G.C. (1968) Family Otitidae. In: Papavero, N. (Ed.), A Catalogue of the Diptera of the Americas south of the United States. Departamento de Zoologia, São Paulo, 54, 1–31.
- Stobbe, R. (1913) Chonocephalus heymonsi, eine neue Art von Südamerika. Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift, 1913, 191–192.
- Stone, A. & Wirth, W.W. (1947) On the marine midges of the genus Clunio Haliday (Diptera, Tendipedidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 49 (8), 201–224.
- Sturtevant, A.H. (1916) Notes on North American Drosophilidae with descriptions of twenty–three new species. Annals of the Entomolgical Society of America, 9 (4), 323–343. https://doi.org/10.1093/aesa/9.4.323 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/aesa/9.4.323
- Sturtevant, A.H. (1919) A new species closely resembling Drosophila melanogaster. Psyche, 26, 153–155. https://doi.org/10.1155/1919/97402 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1155/1919/97402
- Sturtevant, A.H. (1921) The North American species of Drosophila. Carnegie Institution of Washington Publication, No. 301, 1–150. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.10480 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.10480
- Tantawi, T.I. & Sinclair, B.J. (2013) An update of the blow flies (Diptera: Calliphoridae) of the Galápagos Islands, and first record of Chrysomya rufifacies (Macquart) from mainland Ecuador. Zootaxa, 3750 (3), 237–250. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3750.3.4 DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3750.3.4
- Tenorio, J.A. (1967) Two new species of Leptocera Olivier from Hawaii (Diptera: Sphaeroceridae). Proceeding of the Hawaiian Entomological Society, 19, 425–429.
- Thompson, F.C. (1991) The flower fly genus Ornidia (Diptera: Syrphidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 93, 248–261.
- Thompson, F.C., Vockeroth, J.R. & Sedman, Y.S. (1976) Family Syrphidae. In: Papavero, N. (Ed.), A Catalogue of the Diptera of the Americas south of the United States. Museu de Zoologia, Universidade de São Paulo, 46, 1–195. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.49898 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.49898
- Thomson, C.G. (1869) Diptera species novas descripit. In: Kongliga Svenska Fregatten Eugenies Resa Omkring Jorden under befäl af C.A. Virgin, åren 1851–1853. Vol. 2. Zoologi. 1. Insecta. P.A. Norstedt & Söner, Stockholm, 617 pp.
- Toral-Granda, M.V., Causton, C.E., Jäger, H., Trueman, M., Izurieta, J.C., Araujo, E., Cruz, M., Zander, K.K., Izurieta, A. & Garnett, S.T. (2017) Alien species pathways to the Galapagos Islands, Ecuador. PLoS ONE, 12 (9), e0184379. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0184379 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0184379
- Townsend, C.H.T. (1892) New North American Tachinidae. Entomological News, 3, 80–81, 129–131.
- Townsend, C.H.T. (1911) Announcement of further results secured in the study of muscoid flies. Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 4 (2), 127–152. https://doi.org/10.1093/aesa/4.2.127 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/aesa/4.2.127
- Townsend, C.H.T. (1917) Genera of the dipterous tribe Sarcophagini. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 30, 189–198.
- Townsend, C.H.T. (1918) New genera of Amobiinae (Diptera). Insecutor Inscitiae Menstruus, 5 (10–12), 157–165. [1917]
- Townsend, C.H.T. (1931) Notes on American oestromuscoid types. Revista de Entomologia, 1 (1), 65–104.
- Traveset, A., Heleno, R., Chamorro, S., Vargas, P., McMullen, C.K., Castro-Urgal, R., Nogales, M., Herrera, H.W. & Olesen, J.M. (2013) Invaders of pollination networks in the Galápagos Islands: emergence of novel communities. Proceedings of the Royal Society B, 280, 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2012.3040 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2012.3040
- Trueman, M. & d’Ozouville, N. (2010) Characterizing the Galapagos terrestrial climate in the face of global climate change. Galapagos Research, 67, 26–37.
- Tye, A. & Francisco-Ortega, J. (2011) Origins and evolution of Galápagos endemic vascular plants. In: Bramwell, D. & Caujapé-Castells, J. (Eds.), The Biology of Island Floras. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp. 89–153. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511844270.006 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511844270.006
- Van Duzee, M.C. (1933) The Templeton Crocker Expedition of the California Academy of Sciences, 1932. No. 7. Dolichopodidae and Phoridae. Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences, Series 4, 21 (7), 65–74.
- Van der Goot, V.S. (1964) See Goot, V.S. van der
- Van der Linde, K. (2006) See Linde, K. van der
- Walker, F. (1848–49) List of the specimens of Dipterous Insects in the collection of the British Museum. Parts I–IV. Printed by order of the Trustees, London, 1172 pp.
- Walker, F. (1861) Characters of undescribed Diptera in the collection of W.W. Saunders, Esq., F.R.S., & c. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London, Series 2, 5, 297–334.
- Wells, J.D. & Kurahashi, H. (1997) Chrysomya megacephala (Fabr.) is more resistant to attack by Ch. rufifacies (Macquart) in a laboratory arena than is Cochliomyia macellaria (Fabr.) (Diptera: Calliphoridae). The Pan-Pacific Entomologist, 73 (1), 16–20.
- Wheeler, M.R. (1961) Some Drosophilidae (Diptera) from the Galapagos Islands. Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 54 (5), 750. https://doi.org/10.1093/aesa/54.5.750 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/aesa/54.5.750
- Wheeler, T.A. (1995) Systematics of the New World Rachispoda Lioy (Diptera: Sphaeroceridae): morphology, key to species groups, and revisions of the atra, fuscipennis, limosa and vespertina species groups. Journal of Natural History, 29, 159–230. https://doi.org/10.1080/00222939500770091 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00222939500770091
- Wheeler, T.A. (2000) Carnidae of the Galapagos Islands, Ecuador: description and phylogenetic relationships of a new species of Neotropical Meoneura Rondani, 1856 (Diptera: Carnidae). Studia dipterologica, 7 (1), 115–120.
- Wheeler, T.A. & Forrest, J. (2002) A new species of Elachiptera Macquart from the Galápagos Islands, Ecuador, and the taxonomic status of Ceratobarys Coquillett (Diptera: Chloropidae). Zootaxa, 98 (1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.98.1.1 DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.98.1.1
- Wheeler, T.A. & Forrest, J. (2003) The Chloropidae (Diptera) of the Galápagos Islands, Ecuador. Insect Systematics & Evolution, 34 (3), 265–280. https://doi.org/10.1163/187631203788964809 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1163/187631203788964809
- Wheeler, T.A. & Sinclair, B.J. (1994) Chyromyidae (Diptera) from the Galápagos Islands, Ecuador: Three new species of Aphaniosoma Becker. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 96 (3), 440–453.
- Wheeler, W.M. (1906) A new wingless fly (Puliciphora borinquenensis) from Porto Rico. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 22, 267–271.
- White, I.M. & Elson-Harris, M.M. (1992) Fruit flies of economic significance. C.A.B. International, Oxon, 601 pp. https://doi.org/10.1079/9780851987903.0000 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1079/9780851987903.0000
- Whiteman, N.K., Goodman, S.J., Sinclair, B.J., Walsh, T., Cunningham, A.A., Kramer, L.D. & Parker, P.G. (2005) Establishment of the avian disease vector Culex quinquefasciatus Say, 1823 (Diptera: Culicidae) on the Galápagos Islands, Ecuador. Ibis, 147 (4), 844–847. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1474-919X.2005.00468.x DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1474-919X.2005.00468.x
- Whiteman, N.K., Sánchez, P., Merkel, J., Klompen, H. & Parker, P.G. (2006) Cryptic host specificity of an avian skin mite (Epidermoptidae) vectored by louseflies (Hippoboscidae) associated with two endemic Galápagos bird species. Journal of Parasitology, 92, 1218–1228. https://doi.org/10.1645/GE-918R.1 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1645/GE-918R.1
- Whiteman, N.K., Kimball, R.T. & Parker, P.G. (2007) Co-phylogeography and comparative population genetics of the threatened Galápagos hawk and three ectoparasite species: ecology shapes population histories within parasite communities. Molecular Ecology, 16 (22), 4759–4773. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294X.2007.03512.x DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294X.2007.03512.x
- Whitworth, T. (2014) A revision of the Neotropical species of Lucilia Robineau-Desvoidy (Diptera: Calliphoridae). Zootaxa, 3810 (1), 1–76. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3810.1.1 DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3810.1.1
- Wiedemann, C.R.W. (1819) Brasilianische Zweiflügler. Zoologisches Magazin (Wiedemann’s), 1 (3), 40–56.
- Wiedemann, C.R.W. (1821) Diptera exotica. II. s.n., Kiliae [Kiel], pp. i–iv + 43–50.
- Wiedemann, C.R.W. (1824) Munus rectoris in Academia Christiana Albertina aditurus analecta entomologica ex Museo Regio Havniensi maxime congesta profert iconibusque illustrat. e regio typographeo scholarum, Kiliae, 60 pp., 1 pl. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.77322 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.77322
- Wiedemann, C.R.W. (1830) Aussereuropäische zweiflügelige Insekten. Zweiter Theil. s.n., Hamm, xii + 684 pp.
- Wiedenfeld, D.A., Jiménez U., G.A., Fessl, B., Kleindorfer, S. & Valarezo, J.C. (2007) Distribution of the introduced parasitic fly Philornis downsi (Diptera, Muscidae) in the Galapagos Islands. Pacific Conservation Biology, 13, 14–19. https://doi.org/10.1071/PC070014 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1071/PC070014
- Williston, S.W. (1887) Catalogue of the described species of South American Syrphidae. Additions and corrections. Entomologica Americana, 3, 27–28.
- Williston, S.W. (1888) Diptera Brasiliana, ab H.H. Smith Collecta. Part I—Stratiomyidae, Syrphidae. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 15, 243–292. https://doi.org/10.2307/25076505 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/25076505
- Williston, S.W. (1893) The North American Psychodidae. Entomological News, 4, 113–114. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.40989 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.40989
- Williston, S.W. (1896) On the Diptera of St. Vincent (West Indies). Transactions of the Entomological Society of London, 1896, 253–446, pls. 8–14. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.8555 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.8555
- Wirth, W.W. (1947) Notes on the genus Thalassomyia Schiner, with descriptions of two new species (Diptera: Tendipedidae). Proceedings of the Hawaiian Entomological Society, 13 (1), 117–139. [http://hdl.handle.net/10125/16166]
- Wirth, W.W. (1949) A revision of the Clunionine midges with descriptions of a new genus and four new species (Diptera: Tendipedidae). University of California Publications in Entomology, 8, 151–182.
- Wirth, W.W. (1951) A revision of the dipterous family Canaceidae. Occasional Papers of Bernice P. Bishop Museum, 20 (14), 245–275.
- Wirth, W.W. (1956) New species and records of biting midges ectoparasitic on insects (Diptera, Heleidae). Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 49 (4), 356–364. https://doi.org/10.1093/aesa/49.4.356 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/aesa/49.4.356
- Wirth, W.W. (1968) Family Ephydridae. In: Papavero, N. (Ed.), A Catalogue of the Diptera of the Americas south of the United States. Departamento de Zoologia, São Paulo, 77, 1–43.
- Wirth, W.W. (1969a) The shore flies of the genus Canaceoides Cresson (Diptera: Canaceidae). Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences, Series 4, 36 (19), 551–570.
- Wirth, W.W. (1969b) New species and records for Galápagos Diptera. Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences, Series 4, 36 (20), 571–594.
- Wirth, W.W. (1970) The American beach flies of the Canace snodgrassii group (Diptera: Canaceidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 72 (3), 397–403.
- Wirth, W.W. (1972) The Neotropical Forcipomyia (Microhelea) species related to the caterpillar parasite F. fuliginosa (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 65 (3), 564–577. https://doi.org/10.1093/aesa/65.3.564 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/aesa/65.3.564
- Wirth, W.W. (1974) Family Ceratopogonidae. In: Papavero, N. (Ed.), A Catalogue of the Diptera of the Americas, south of the United States. Museu de Zoologia, Universidade de São Paulo, 14, 1–89.
- Wirth, W.W. (1975) Family Canacidae. In: Papavero, N. (Ed.), A Catalogue of the Diptera of the Americas, south of the United States. Museu de Zoologia, Universidade de São Paulo, 76, 1–5.
- Wirth, W.W. & Soria, S.J. (1975) A new Neotropical Forcipomyia midge closely related to F. (F.) genualis (Loew) (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Revista Theobroma, 5 (2), 19–27.
- Wirth, W.W. & Waugh, W.T. (1976) Five new Neotropical Dasyhelea midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) associated with culture of Cocoa. Studia Entomologica, 19 (1–4), 223–236.
- Wirth, W.W. & Williams, R.W. (1957) The biting midges of the Bermuda Islands, with descriptions of five new species (Diptera, Heleidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 59 (1), 5–14.
- Wollaston, T.V. (1858) Brief diagnostic characters of undescribed Madeiran insects. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 3, 1 (2), 113–125. https://doi.org/10.1080/00222935808696882 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00222935808696882
- Woodley, N.E. (2001) A world catalog of the Stratiomyidae (Insecta: Diptera). Myia, 11, 1–473.
- Woodley, N.E. (2014) Two new species of Brachyodina Lindner from the Caribbean with a key to species of the genus from the region (Diptera: Stratiomyidae: Pachygastrinae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 116 (4), 429–440. https://doi.org/10.4289/0013-8797.116.4.429 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4289/0013-8797.116.4.429
- Wulp, F.M. van der (1833) Amerikaansche Diptera (III). Tijdschrift voor Entomologie, 26, 1–60.
- Wulp, F.M. van der (1890) Fam. Muscidae. In: Godman, F.D. & Salvin, O. (Eds.), Biologia Centrali-Americana, or, contributions to the knowledge of the fauna and flora of Mexico and Central America. Zoologia. Class Insecta. Order Diptera. Vol. II. Taylor & Francis, London, pp. 57–88. [1888–1903]
- Wulp, F.M. van der (1896) Fam. Muscidae. In: Godman, F.D. & Salvin, O. (Eds.), Biologia Centrali-Americana, or, contributions to the knowledge of the fauna and flora of Mexico and Central America. Zoologia. Class Insecta. Order Diptera. Vol. II. Taylor & Francis, London, pp. 273–344. [1888–1903]
- Yang, D., Zhu, Y., Wang, M. & Zhang, L. (2006) World Catalog of Dolichopodidae (Insecta: Diptera). China Agricultural University Press, Beijing, 704 pp.
- Yau, T. & Marshall, S.A. (2018) A revision of the genus Bromeloecia Spuler (Diptera: Sphaeroceridae: Limosininae). Zootaxa, 4445 (1), 1–115. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4445.1.1 DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4445.1.1